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A high\u2010frequency conditioning stimulus induced long\u2010term potentiation (LTP) of high\u2010threshold EPSCs in the majority of trigeminal caudal neurons in substantia gelatinosa, where both A\u2010 and C\u2010fibres terminate. However, the same conditioning stimulus did not potentiate low\u2010threshold EPSCs in caudal neurons or EPSCs recorded from neurons in the middle part of trigeminal interpolar nucleus, where C\u2010fibres rarely terminate. LTP in caudal neurons could be induced after blocking N\u2010methyl\u2010 <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\u2010aspartate (NMDA) receptors with D(\u2013)\u20102\u2010amino\u20105\u2010phosphonopentanoic acid (D\u2010AP5, 50\u2003\u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>), after postsynaptic loading of the Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> chelator BAPTA (10\u2003m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>), or even after completely blocking excitatory transmission with kynurenic acid during conditioning. However, LTP was blocked by the metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist (+)\u2010\u03b1\u2010methyl\u20104\u2010carboxyphenylglycine (1\u2003m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>). We suggest that LTP of the trigeminal primary afferent EPSCs is induced preferentially in the C\u2010fibre inputs and that the induction mechanism involves metabotropic glutamate receptors, possibly at the presynaptic terminals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2000.01028.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,6]],"date-time":"2003-03-06T14:30:35Z","timestamp":1046961035000},"page":"1128-1134","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Long\u2010term potentiation of primary afferent neurotransmission at trigeminal synapses of juvenile rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Michiko","family":"Hamba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kayoko","family":"Onodera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomoyuki","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7528","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-11-07528.1995","article-title":"Long\u2010term potentiation of glutamatergic pathways in the lamprey brainstem","volume":"15","author":"Alford S.","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. 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