{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T09:37:09Z","timestamp":1772012229564,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,5]],"date-time":"2002-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1010188800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":35,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJU International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\n                    To assess the efficacy and safety of the retrograde ureteropyeloscopic holmium laser for treating renal stones that are too large to treat with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Patients and methods<\/jats:bold>\n                    Thirty patients (22 men and eight women, mean age 43\u2003years, range 18\u201362) with a renal stone burden of &gt;\u20032\u2003cm were selected for laser treatment. The stones were in the renal pelvis in 16 patients, lower calyx in five, middle calyx in two, upper calyx in one and multiple pelvic and calyceal in six. Lithotripsy was undertaken using a holmium laser through 550\u2003\u00b5m and 200\u2003\u00b5m laser fibres passed through a semi\u2010rigid fibre\u2010optic long ureteroscope or the actively deflectable flexible ureteropyeloscope, respectively. Success was defined as total fragmentation of the stone to &lt;\u20032\u2003mm in diameter and\/or clear imaging on renal ultrasonography and plain films within the 3\u2010month follow\u2010up. Patients in whom the treatment failed received either alternative therapy or complementary ESWL.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                    Endoscopic access and complete stone fragmentation was achieved in 23 of the 30 patients (77%). The treatment failed in seven patients because of poor visualization, the initial presence of stones in, or migration of their large fragments to, an inaccessible calyx. There were no major intraoperative complications. Minor complications after treatment included haematuria that persisted for 2\u2003days in one patient and high\u2010grade fever in two patients; all were treated conservatively.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>\n                    Large renal calculi that are not amenable to ESWL monotherapy can be safely and effectively treated with a retrograde endoscopic technique that seems to compete well with the more invasive percutaneous or open surgical manoeuvres.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-4096.2001.01248.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T03:06:19Z","timestamp":1047351979000},"page":"850-853","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Retrograde ureteropyeloscopic holmium laser lithotripsy for large renal calculi"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"F.G.","family":"El\u2010Anany","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.M.","family":"Hammouda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.A.","family":"Maghraby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.A.","family":"Elakkad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)35330-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(99)80002-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)50938-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-4295(90)80083-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/end.1990.4.337"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-4295(94)90226-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)64677-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(96)00158-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)65661-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0090-4295(99)80113-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)62371-1","article-title":"Small 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