{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T13:11:35Z","timestamp":1784121095500,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,6,27]],"date-time":"2002-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1025136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":57,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with chronic prostatitis\/pelvic pain syndrome typically report genital or pelvic pain (in or around the penis, perineum, scrotum) lasting &gt;3\u00a0months. Whereas true chronic bacterial prostatitis is an uncommon condition characterised by recurrent prostatic and urinary infection, chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) is a common condition in which no infection is found. Recent surveys suggest a prevalence of 2.5\u20133% for CPPS. The four\u2010glass test, traditionally used to distinguish inflammatory and inflammatory forms of CPPS, has not been adequately validated; whether the distinction is clinically meaningful is increasingly questioned. The aetiology of CPPS is not known; urodynamic studies imply a neuromuscular origin. More recent work supports a role for proinflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis. In the management of chronic bacterial prostatitis, trials support the use of quinolone antibiotics as first\u2010line treatment. In contrast, the management of CPPS is generally unsatisfactory, as no reliable treatment has been identified. Treatments commonly tried include antibiotics (notably tetracyclines, quinolones and macrolides), anti\u2010inflammatory agents, and alpha blockers. Newer approaches include trials of finasteride, quercetin and rofecoxib. A recent systematic review demonstrated that none of the current diagnostic and treatment methods for CPPS is supported by a robust evidence base.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-3083.2002.00481.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,12]],"date-time":"2003-03-12T04:42:04Z","timestamp":1047444124000},"page":"253-256","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain in men: aetiology, diagnosis and management<sup>1<\/sup>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"GA","family":"Luzzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)57135-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","unstructured":"NIDDK.Executive summary: chronic prostatitis workshop December 1995 Bethesda MD. 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