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The nicotinic receptors mediating the\u00a0enhancement most likely contain \u03b14 and \u03b22 subunits based upon pharmacological characterization. In this study, we sought to characterize the second messenger systems associated with the nicotine\u2010mediated response. Sodium channel involvement was confirmed by the observation that tetrodotoxin blocked nicotine\u2010mediated enhancement, whereas veratridine or elevated K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>mimicked the enhancement seen with nicotine. Inclusion of EGTA blocked nicotine\u2010mediated enhancement, suggesting that, even though no exogenous Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>was added, endogenous stores were required for the enhancement. The enhancement by nicotine was also abolished by the L\u2010type voltage\u2010dependent calcium channel (VDCC) antagonist nitrendipine, but not by the N\u2010type\u00a0VDCC antagonist \u03c9\u2010conotoxin\u2003GVIA. Finally, inhibition of protein kinase\u2003C also abolished the nicotine\u2010mediated enhancement of amphetamine\u2010stimulated dopamine release, whereas inhibitors of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\/calmodulin kinase II did not. These findings establish that nicotine can exert selective effects on dopamine transporter activity in prefrontal cortex, an area involved in cognition and learning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2001.00293.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,12]],"date-time":"2003-03-12T06:53:35Z","timestamp":1047452015000},"page":"839-848","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Protein kinase\u2003C regulation of dopamine transporter initiated by nicotinic receptor activation in slices of rat prefrontal cortex"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Allison E.","family":"Drew","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda L.","family":"Werling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10304","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-24-10304.1998","article-title":"Protein kinase A activity may kinetically upregulate the striatal transporter for dopamine","volume":"1","author":"Batchelor M.","year":"1998","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.26.15195"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1993.tb00913.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00511403"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0006-8993(98)01040-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90408-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","first-page":"1527","article-title":"Protein kinase C activators decrease dopamine uptake into striatal synaptosomes","volume":"277","author":"Copeland B. 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