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To address the importance of the inflammatory response in the LPS\u2010induced degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurones, we carried out two different kinds of studies: (i) the possible protective effect of an anti\u2010inflammatory compound, and (ii) the effect of the intranigral injection of inflammatory cytokines (TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20101\u03b2 and IFN\u2010\u03b3) on dopaminergic neurones viability. Present results show that dexamethasone, a potent anti\u2010inflammatory drug that interferes with many of the features characterizing pro\u2010inflammatory glial activation, prevented the loss of catecholamine content, Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity and TH immunostaining induced by LPS\u2010injection and also the bulk activation of microglia\/macrophages. Surprisingly, injection of the pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines failed to reproduce the LPS effect. Taken together, our results suggest that inflammatory response is implicated in LPS\u2010induced neurodegeneration. This damage may be due, at least in part, to a cascade of events independent of that described for TNF\u2010\u03b1\/IL\u20101\u03b2\/IFN\u2010\u03b3.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2002.00799.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,12]],"date-time":"2003-03-12T01:59:42Z","timestamp":1047434382000},"page":"150-157","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":200,"title":["The degenerative effect of a single intranigral injection of LPS on the dopaminergic system is prevented by dexamethasone, and not mimicked by rh\u2010TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20101\u03b2 and IFN\u2010\u03b3"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Casta\u00f1o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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