{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T10:44:46Z","timestamp":1792665886031,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,28]],"date-time":"2003-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1048809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":55,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> <jats:bold>Maturational Differences in Murine AVN Conduction<\/jats:bold>. <jats:italic>Introduction:<\/jats:italic> In large animals, rate\u2010dependent AV nodal (AVN) properties of conduction are modulated by autonomic inputs. In this study, we investigated whether the properties of AVN conduction and facilitation are altered by autonomic blockade in the mouse and whether this effect is age dependent.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:italic>Methods and Results:<\/jats:italic> Young (age 4\u20136 weeks; n <jats:bold>=<\/jats:bold> 11) and adult (age 8\u20139 months; n <jats:bold>=<\/jats:bold> 11) female mice underwent in vivo electrophysiologic testing, before and after autonomic blockade. After autonomic blockade, the adult mice had significantly longer AVN effective refractory period (AVNERP; <jats:styled-content>67 <jats:bold>\u00b1<\/jats:bold> 14 msec<\/jats:styled-content> vs <jats:styled-content>56 <jats:bold>\u00b1<\/jats:bold> 4 msec, P <jats:bold>=<\/jats:bold> 0.05<\/jats:styled-content>) and functional refractory period (AVNFRP; <jats:styled-content>81 <jats:bold>\u00b1<\/jats:bold> 10 msec<\/jats:styled-content> vs <jats:styled-content>72 <jats:bold>\u00b1<\/jats:bold> 4 msec, P <jats:bold>=<\/jats:bold> 0.05<\/jats:styled-content>). With autonomic blockade, the increase from baseline of AVN Wenckebach cycle length (<jats:styled-content><jats:bold>\u0394<\/jats:bold>AVW; 1.8 <jats:bold>\u00b1<\/jats:bold> 8.1 msec<\/jats:styled-content> vs <jats:styled-content>8.8 <jats:bold>\u00b1<\/jats:bold> 3.3 msec, P <jats:bold>=<\/jats:bold> 0.04<\/jats:styled-content>), as well as of AVNERP (<jats:bold>\u0394<\/jats:bold>AVNERP; <jats:styled-content>3.5 <jats:bold>\u00b1<\/jats:bold> 3.5 msec<\/jats:styled-content> vs <jats:styled-content>21.4 <jats:bold>\u00b1<\/jats:bold> 12.6 msec, P <jats:bold>=<\/jats:bold> 0.002<\/jats:styled-content>) and AVNFRP (<jats:bold>\u0394<\/jats:bold>AVNFRP; <jats:styled-content>2.3 <jats:bold>\u00b1<\/jats:bold> 3.2 msec<\/jats:styled-content> vs <jats:styled-content>12.8 <jats:bold>\u00b1<\/jats:bold> 9.0 msec, P <jats:bold>=<\/jats:bold> 0.008<\/jats:styled-content>), was significantly larger in adult than in young mice. Compared with young mice, adult mice were less likely to exhibit AVN facilitation (44% vs 90%, P <jats:bold>=<\/jats:bold> 0.03) and had smaller maximal shortening of AVN conduction times after the \u201ctest beat\u201d for any coupling of the \u201cfacilitating beat\u201d (<jats:styled-content>4 <jats:bold>\u00b1<\/jats:bold> 4 msec<\/jats:styled-content> vs <jats:styled-content>7 <jats:bold>\u00b1<\/jats:bold> 3 msec, P <jats:bold>=<\/jats:bold> 0.05<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:italic>Conclusion:<\/jats:italic> Complete autonomic blockade significantly increases AVN conduction times and refractory periods in adult but not in young mice. Adult mice also exhibit less AVN facilitation. Our results confirm that, like in larger animals, rate\u2010dependent murine AVN properties of conduction are under autonomic regulation. Adult mice have higher sympathetic AVN inputs at baseline, leading to slower conduction after autonomic blockade. <jats:italic>(J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 14, pp. 191\u2010195, February 2003)<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1540-8167.2003.02454.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,16]],"date-time":"2010-08-16T09:43:37Z","timestamp":1281951817000},"page":"191-195","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Autonomic Blockade Unmasks Maturational Differences in Rate\u2010Dependent Atrioventricular Nodal Conduction and Facilitation in the Mouse"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"SAMIR","family":"SABA","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"BARRY","family":"LONDON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"LEONARD","family":"GANZ","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.1996.tb00468.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","first-page":"209","article-title":"Observations upon conduction in the mammalian heart. 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