{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T06:48:23Z","timestamp":1768286903243,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,17]],"date-time":"2005-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1105920000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> <jats:italic>Introduction:<\/jats:italic> Pulmonary veins (PVs) are the predominant location of triggers for atrial fibrillation (AF), but little is known about the electrophysiologic properties of PVs. In addition, the influence of amiodarone on the electrophysiologic properties of PVs has not been elucidated.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:italic>Methods and Results:<\/jats:italic> Fifty\u2010five patients with symptomatic and drug\u2010resistant AF were divided into two groups: group 1 patients (n = 29) without antiarrhythmic drug therapy at the time of electrophysiologic study (EPS), and group 2 patients (n = 26) undergoing continuous long\u2010term treatment with amiodarone. EPS including programmed stimulation of both atria and within the PVs was performed in both groups. In group 1, the effective refractory period (ERP) of all PVs (174 \u00b1 62 msec) was significantly shorter than the ERP of the left atrium ([LA] 254 \u00b1 30 msec, P = 0.0001) and right atrium ([RA] 221 \u00b1 29 msec, P = 0.0001). The same pattern was observed in group 2 (PV: 210 \u00b1 58 msec; LA: 259 \u00b1 35 msec, P = 0.0001; RA: 246 \u00b1 37 msec, P = 0.0255). The ERP of all stimulated PVs was significantly lower in group 1 (174 \u00b1 62 msec) than in group 2 (210 \u00b1 58 msec; P = 0.0001). The ERP of the left superior and right superior PVs and RA but not the left inferior PV and LA were significantly increased in patients treated with amiodarone. Decremental conduction properties were observed in all stimulated PVs, and there were no significantly differences between the maximal decrement of both groups.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:italic>Conclusion:<\/jats:italic> The distinctive electrophysiologic properties of PVs are emphasized by amiodarone therapy. Long\u2010term amiodarone treatment is responsible for heterogeneous alteration of the PV electrophysiology, which may account for the individual antiarrhythmic responses in a subset of patients with paroxysmal AF.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1540-8167.2005.04418.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,17]],"date-time":"2005-01-17T10:03:59Z","timestamp":1105956239000},"page":"39-44","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Impact of Amiodarone on Electrophysiologic Properties of Pulmonary Veins in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"THOMAS","family":"ROSTOCK","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"HELGE","family":"SERVATIUS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"TIM","family":"RISIUS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"RODOLFO","family":"VENTURA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"CHRISTIAN","family":"WEISS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"THOMAS","family":"MEINERTZ","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"STEPHAN","family":"WILLEMS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199809033391003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1540-8167.2003.03136.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000058461.86339.7E"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","first-page":"2476","article-title":"Distinctive electrophysiological properties of pulmonary veins in patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"106","author":"Jais P","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1540-8167.2003.03094.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9592.2003.t01-1-00195.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.69.1.120"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.100.18.1879"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(00)01186-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hc0902.104712"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000027821.55835.00"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1540-8167.2003.02583.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s395-002-8384-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.99.6.800"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000016062.80020.11"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(00)00179-6"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1046%2Fj.1540-8167.2005.04418.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1046\/j.1540-8167.2005.04418.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T07:09:06Z","timestamp":1694416146000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1046\/j.1540-8167.2005.04418.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,1]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1046\/j.1540-8167.2005.04418.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1540-8167.2005.04418.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1045-3873","1540-8167"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1045-3873","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-8167","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,1]]}}}