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Smart grids are typical cyber\u2013physical systems (CPSs). The heterogeneous and complex nature of smart grids presents significant challenges introduced by the tight coupling of computation, communication, and physical systems. Here, the authors first provide an overview of smart grids from a CPS perspective. Then, the authors discuss the opportunities and challenges in smart grid design and operation. Next, a co\u2010design framework is introduced and used for designing wide\u2010area damping controller as one of many CPS applications that can be abstracted from various power system layers. 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