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What began as a research landscape rooted in classical molecular biology has evolved into a dynamic, multi\u2010institutional ecosystem that integrates bottom\u2010up synthetic cell engineering, top\u2010down reprogramming of living systems and computational and AI\u2010driven design. This Perspective examines the trajectory of Spain's synthetic biology community, highlighting foundational contributions, current strengths and emerging opportunities. Special emphasis is placed on Spain's role in European synthetic cell initiatives, its participation in global biofoundry networks, the establishment of one of the most successful standardisation initiatives\u2014the SEVA platform\u2014and the development of advanced training programs, including the MISB Master's and the SYNBIO\u2010CSIC COFUND doctoral network. Together, these elements position Spain as an active European actor in engineering biology, with growing influence in the matter\u2010to\u2010life nexus, biomanufacturing and sustainable biotechnology. Finally, the manuscript discusses key technical, regulatory, conceptual and translational challenges facing the field, particularly the need to balance engineering ambition with biological complexity, innovation with deployability and control with emergence. 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