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The physical parameters confirmed the drug conjugation with ZnO and their size was around 70\u201375\u00a0nm. The drug loading and\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    drug release studies indicated that the \u2013CHO group from the dextrose increase the drug loading up to 65% and their release kinetics were also studied. The anti\u2010fungal studies indicated that the prepared nanoparticles exhibit strong anti\u2010fungal activity and the minimum concentration needed is 10\u00a0mg\/ml. The nanoparticles loaded semi\u2010solid gel was prepared using carbopol, methylparaben, propyl paraben and propylene glycol. The\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    penetration of the ketoconazole\u2010conjugated nanoparticles was studied using the skin. The results indicated that the semi\u2010solid gel preparations influenced the penetration and also favoured the accumulation into the skin membrane. The veterinary clinical studies indicated that the prepared gel is highly suitable for treatment of\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-nbt.2018.5119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,9]],"date-time":"2018-08-09T22:37:51Z","timestamp":1533854271000},"page":"1097-1101","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Ketoconazole\u2010conjugated ZnO nanoparticles based semi\u2010solid formulation and study their impacts on skin disease"],"prefix":"10.1049","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Kaliyaperumal","family":"Viswanathan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals Centre for Animal Health Studies (CAHS) Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS) Chennai 600 051 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajasekar","family":"vaiyamalai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals Centre for Animal Health Studies (CAHS) Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS) Chennai 600 051 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diviya","family":"Bharathi babu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals Centre for Animal Health Studies (CAHS) Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS) Chennai 600 051 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Murugaiyan Latha","family":"Mala Priyadharshini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine Research Centre\u2010Bacterial Vaccine (VRC\u2010BV) Centre for Animal Health Studies (CAHS) Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS) Chennai 600 051 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muthusamy","family":"Raman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals Centre for Animal Health Studies (CAHS) Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS) Chennai 600 051 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gopal","family":"Dhinakarraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals Centre for Animal Health Studies (CAHS) Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS) Chennai 600 051 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"265","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2591"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612811319350002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1566524013666131111130058"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2016.10.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2006.05.007"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"261","article-title":"Zinc oxide nanoparticles\u2010induced reactive oxygen species promotes multimodal cyto\u2010 and epigenetic toxicity","volume":"156","author":"Choudhury S.R.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Toxicol. 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