{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T05:36:39Z","timestamp":1790400999008,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["IET Systems Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study elaborates on the design of artificial pancreas using model predictive control algorithm for a comprehensive physiological model such as the Sorensen model, which regulates the blood glucose and can have a longer control time in normal glycaemic region. The main objective of the proposed algorithm is to eliminate the risk of hyper and hypoglycaemia and have a precise infusion of hormones: insulin and glucagon. A single model predictive controller is developed to control the bihormones, insulin, and glucagon for such a development unmeasured disturbance is considered for a random time. The simulation result for the proposed algorithm performed good regulation lowering the hypoglycaemia risk and maintaining the glucose level within the normal glycaemic range. To validate the performance of the tracking of output and setpoint, average tracking error is used and 4.4\u00a0mg\/dl results are obtained while compared with standard value (14.3\u00a0mg\/dl).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-syb.2019.0101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,15]],"date-time":"2020-01-15T21:34:13Z","timestamp":1579124053000},"page":"133-146","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Blood glucose regulation and control of insulin and glucagon infusion using single model predictive control for type 1 diabetes mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1049","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Cifha","family":"Crecil Dias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Instrumentation and Control Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Surekha","family":"Kamath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Instrumentation and Control Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudha","family":"Vidyasagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Kasturba Medical College Manipal India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"265","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20080020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-124-1_Part_2-199601011-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9136(199807)15:7<539::AID-DIA668>3.0.CO;2-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2011-1499"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(14)70226-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.19976"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaw4949"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics9010031"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","unstructured":"HayesA.C. MastrototaroJ.J. andMobergS.B.et al.: \u2018Algorithm sensor\u2010augmented bolus estimator for semi\u2010closed\u2010loop infusion system\u2019. US Patent 9 320 471 26 April 2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-2108"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2012.2192930"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2011.6090127"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2009.2024409"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCS.2017.2766314"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.13816"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","volume-title":"Model predictive contro1","author":"Camacho E.F.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","volume-title":"Model predictive control system design and implementation using MATLAB\u00ae","author":"Wang L.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0967-0661(02)00170-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781315272610"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ifacol.2015.09.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-016-1039-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1002853"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2017.0035"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k1310"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCS.2017.2766312"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-1600"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-019-0870-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2012.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3182\/20060402-4-BR-2902.00503"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1901\/jeab.2006.65-05"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(01)00114-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ifacol.2018.05.077"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3182\/20110828-6-IT-1002.03036"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI110398"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/UKSim.2015.65"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AICAI.2019.8701401"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2013.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","unstructured":"1985 Massachusetts Institute of Technology J.T. Sorensen A physiologic model of glucose metabolism in man and its use to design and assess improved insulin therapies for diabetes"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aic.690461220"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/25\/4\/010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/IJBRA.2018.089229"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1932296813514502"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CCAC.2017.8276390"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cherd.2011.10.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACC.2015.7172134"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/a2010518"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.endien.2018.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1314474"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CCA.2014.6981556"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprocont.2018.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2016.7591182"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ChiCC.2015.7260280"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/152091503322640999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00986440600992651"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3000619"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12107"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICAEE.2013.6750337"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-017-0263-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1932296817721519"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2017.0364"}],"container-title":["IET Systems Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1049\/iet-syb.2019.0101","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1049\/iet-syb.2019.0101","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1049\/iet-syb.2019.0101","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T20:55:45Z","timestamp":1761684945000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1049\/iet-syb.2019.0101"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1049\/iet-syb.2019.0101"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1049\/iet-syb.2019.0101","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1751-8849","1751-8857"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1751-8849","type":"print"},{"value":"1751-8857","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-10-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-12-10","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-06-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}