{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T11:13:54Z","timestamp":1762254834211,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"EDP Sciences","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]],"date-time":"2024-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":30,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Key R&D Program of China","award":["018YFB1601401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["018YFB1601401"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["71991464"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71991464"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["71991460"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71991460"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["71921001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71921001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72201263"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72201263"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72001066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72001066"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WK2040000066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WK2040000066"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["RAIRO-Oper. Res."],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>With the rapid development of retail platforms, many manufacturers use retail platforms to encroach into the retail market (<jats:italic>i.e<\/jats:italic>., a type manufacturer encroachment) and gray market is increasingly prevalent in various industries. This paper considers a manufacturer who directly sells product 1 in the domestic market and sells product 2 through an incumbent retailer in the overseas market and a gray marketer can divert product 1 across markets without authorized (we call it gray market). In this paper, we examine the interaction between manufacturer encroachment and gray market. We find that when the domestic price of product 1 is sufficiently low, the gray marketer can successfully enter the overseas market without and with encroachment. Second, regardless of whether there is a gray market threat, the manufacturer has an incentive to encroach through retail platform when the commission rate is low. Moreover, the manufacturer\u2019s incentive to encroach varies with the domestic price of product 1 and gray market threat. Finally, manufacturer encroachment can reduce the scale of the gray market and even eliminate the gray market under certain conditions. The gray marketer always suffers from manufacturer encroachment while the retailer can benefit from manufacturer encroachment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1051\/ro\/2024092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,28]],"date-time":"2024-04-28T18:59:30Z","timestamp":1714330770000},"page":"2927-2949","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The interaction between manufacturer encroachment and gray market"],"prefix":"10.1051","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Fengmei","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feifei","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"250","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2259","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.2015.2230","volume":"62","author":"Abhishek","year":"2016","journal-title":"Manage. Sci."},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1287\/mksc.19.3.279.11799","volume":"19","author":"Ahmadi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Marketing Sci."},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1111\/poms.12635","volume":"26","author":"Ahmadi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prod. Oper. Manage."},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1111\/poms.12908","volume":"28","author":"Altug","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prod. Oper. Manage."},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1287\/mksc.1070.0280","volume":"26","author":"Arya","year":"2007","journal-title":"Marketing Sci."},{"key":"R6","first-page":"95","volume":"26","author":"Berman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Retail Distrib. Consum. Res."},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1002\/nav.22109","volume":"70","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nav. Res. Logistics (NRL)"},{"key":"R8","unstructured":"Danone, New formula milk created in China, for Chinese consumers. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.danone.com\/stories\/articles-list\/new-formula-milk-created-in-china-for-chinese-consumers.html (2021)."},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106957","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2020.106957","volume":"151","author":"Ding","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1177\/002224298805200307","volume":"52","author":"Duhan","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Marketing"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1051\/ro\/2021184","volume":"56","author":"Hou","year":"2022","journal-title":"RAIRO-Oper. Res."},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1111\/poms.12860","volume":"27","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prod. Oper. Manage."},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omega.2018.07.009","volume":"86","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Omega"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2016.02.006","volume":"252","author":"Iravani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Oper. Res."},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-020-03719-0","volume":"329","author":"Jiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann. Oper. Res."},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2016.02.008","volume":"175","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Econ."},{"key":"R17","unstructured":"KPMG, Effective channel management is critica in combating the gray market and increasing technology companies\u2019s bottom line (2008)."},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4008","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2016.1170906","volume":"54","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Res."},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2018.08.004","volume":"118","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transp. Res. Part E: Logistics Transp. Rev."},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2019.09.009","volume":"222","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Econ."},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2268","DOI":"10.1111\/poms.13680","volume":"31","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prod. Oper. Manage."},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3523","DOI":"10.1111\/poms.13447","volume":"30","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prod. Oper. Manage."},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1111\/twec.12381","volume":"40","author":"Nguyen","year":"2017","journal-title":"World Econ."},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1080\/01605682.2021.1880293","volume":"73","author":"Nie","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Oper. Res. Soc."},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108961","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2023.108961","volume":"264","author":"Ponnachiyur Maruthasalam","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Econ."},{"key":"R26","first-page":"21400200","volume":"39","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Asia-Pac. J. Oper. Res."},{"key":"R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2021.07.019","volume":"300","author":"Shi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Oper. Res."},{"key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1111\/deci.12420","volume":"51","author":"Srivastava","year":"2019","journal-title":"Decis. Sci."},{"key":"R29","unstructured":"Tannenbaum J., Franchisees resist poaching via software, kiosks, internet. Wall Street J. (1995)."},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.1111\/poms.12885","volume":"27","author":"Tian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prod. Oper. Manage."},{"key":"R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7263","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2022.2147238","volume":"61","author":"Wan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Res."},{"key":"R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106880","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2020.106880","volume":"150","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S885","DOI":"10.1051\/ro\/2020021","volume":"55","author":"Xue","year":"2021","journal-title":"RAIRO-Oper. Res."},{"key":"R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1051\/ro\/2019027","volume":"54","author":"Xue","year":"2020","journal-title":"RAIRO-Oper. Res."},{"key":"R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108954","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2023.108954","volume":"263","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Econ."},{"key":"R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2018.08.002","volume":"273","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Oper. Res."},{"key":"R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2021.02.057","volume":"295","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Oper. Res."},{"key":"R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102785","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omega.2022.102785","volume":"115","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Omega"},{"key":"R39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2021.102346","volume":"152","author":"Zheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transp. Res. Part E: Logistics Transp. Rev."},{"key":"R40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106062","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2019.106062","volume":"137","author":"Zheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."}],"container-title":["RAIRO - Operations Research"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.rairo-ro.org\/10.1051\/ro\/2024092\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]],"date-time":"2024-07-31T08:11:20Z","timestamp":1722413480000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.rairo-ro.org\/10.1051\/ro\/2024092"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"alternative-id":["ro230283"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051\/ro\/2024092","relation":{},"ISSN":["0399-0559","2804-7303"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0399-0559"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2804-7303"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}}}