{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,22]],"date-time":"2025-02-22T00:44:10Z","timestamp":1740185050931,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"EDP Sciences","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":180,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62141211"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62141211"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Open Project Program of the State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Security and Safety"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>With the trend of digitalization, intelligence, and networking sweeping the world, functional safety and cyber security are increasingly intertwined and overlapped, evolving into the issue of generalized functional safety. Traditional system reliability technology and network defense technology cannot provide quantifiable design implementation theories and methods. As the cornerstone of software systems, operating systems in particular are in need of efficient safety assurance. The DHR architecture is a mature and comprehensive solution, and it is necessary to implement an OS-level DHR architecture, for which the multi-kernel operating system is a good carrier. The multi-kernel operating system takes the kernel as the processing scenario element and constructs redundancy, heterogeneity, and dynamism on the kernel, so it has the generalized robustness of the DHR architecture. This article analyzes the significance and requirements of OS-level DHR architecture, and systematically explains how the multi-kernel operating system responds to the requirements of OS-level DHR architecture by analyzing the technical routes of multi-kernel operating systems and develops an operating system solution idea for the generalized functionally safety.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1051\/sands\/2023007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]],"date-time":"2023-05-12T12:03:44Z","timestamp":1683893024000},"page":"2023007","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multikernel: Operating system solution to generalized functional safety"],"prefix":"10.1051","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Yijing","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huasheng","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinhu","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weihua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"250","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","first-page":"2022001","volume":"1","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Secur Saf"},{"key":"R2","unstructured":"ISO \u2013 International Organization for Standardization. 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In search of an understandable consensus algorithm. In: 2014 USENIX Annual Technical Conference. USENIX Association, 2014, 305\u201319."},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jajodia S, Ghosh AK and Swarup V. Moving Target Defense. China: Springer, 2011.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-0977-9"},{"key":"R9","first-page":"77","volume":"5","author":"Yao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cyber Secur"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u00d6sterlund S, Koning K and Olivier P, et al. kMVX: Detecting kernel information leaks with multi-variant execution. In: Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems. ACM Press, 2019, 559\u201372.","DOI":"10.1145\/3297858.3304054"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baumann A, Barham P and Dagand PE et al. The multikernel: a new OS architecture for scalable multicore systems. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGOPS 22nd symposium on Operating systems principles. ACM Press, 2009, 29\u201344.","DOI":"10.1145\/1629575.1629579"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1145\/1531793.1531805","volume":"43","author":"Wentzlaff","year":"2009","journal-title":"ACM SIGOPS Operating Syst Rev"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nightingale EB, Hodson O and McIlroy R et al. Helios: heterogeneous multiprocessing with satellite kernels. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGOPS 22nd Symposium on Operating Systems Principles. ACM Press, 2009, 221\u201334.","DOI":"10.1145\/1629575.1629597"},{"key":"R14","unstructured":"Barbalace A, Ravindran B and Katz D Popcorn: a replicated-kernel OS based on Linux. In: Proceedings of the Linux Symposium. Ottawa, 2014."}],"container-title":["Security and Safety"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/sands.edpsciences.org\/10.1051\/sands\/2023007\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,5]],"date-time":"2023-07-05T08:08:28Z","timestamp":1688544508000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/sands.edpsciences.org\/10.1051\/sands\/2023007"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Shiya","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunhui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yangyu","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"references-count":14,"alternative-id":["sands20230002"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051\/sands\/2023007","relation":{},"ISSN":["2826-1275"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2826-1275"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}}}