{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T07:49:20Z","timestamp":1760168960145,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"EDP Sciences","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]],"date-time":"2024-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":30,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["U22A2001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U22A2001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program under Grants","award":["2022YFB2902202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFB2902202"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Security and Safety"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Secret key generation based on a wireless channel (WC-SKG) is a promising solution to address the security issues in wireless communication. However, the consistency of channel estimation between two legal communication nodes in WC-SKG is often poor due to the receiver noise, signal power, <jats:italic>etc<\/jats:italic>., leading to a low secret key generation rate (SKGR). Although there are several denoising algorithms such as orthogonal transformation to address this issue, existing schemes overlook the fact that data symbols are also affected by the channel. This results in existing schemes only using the pilot symbols for channel estimation and not fully utilizing the received signal power of the WC-SKG. To address this issue, we propose a consistency enhancement algorithm based on constellation decision information (CEA-CDI), which utilizes both pilot symbols and soft decision information of data symbols to improve SKGR. Monte Carlo simulation and numerical results demonstrate that our proposed scheme can improve performance by approximately 16 dB compared to initial channel estimation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1051\/sands\/2023033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]],"date-time":"2023-11-20T20:08:52Z","timestamp":1700510932000},"page":"2023033","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A physical layer secret key consistency enhancement scheme using constellation decision information"],"prefix":"10.1051","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3409-4623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zheyuan","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6464-6263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liang","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4312-9889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zhou","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1673-2508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yangming","family":"Lou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ge","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"250","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2018.2842215","volume":"18","author":"Peng","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Trans on Mobile Comput"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang J, Marshall A and Woods R et al. Secure Key Generation From OFDM Subcarriers\u2019 Channel Responses. In: IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps), Austin, TX, USA, IEEE, 2014: 1302\u20137","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOMW.2014.7063613"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ambekar A, Hassan M and Schotten HD. Improving Channel Reciprocity for Effective key Management Systems. In: International Symposium on Signals Systems and Electronics (ISSSE), Potsdam, Germany, IEEE 2012: 1\u20134.","DOI":"10.1109\/ISSSE.2012.6374318"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3022","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2018.2814607","volume":"66","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Commun"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.23919\/JCC.2021.04.008","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"China Commun"},{"key":"R6","unstructured":"3GPP. TS 36.212. Evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA); Multiplexing and channel coding (Release 14). 2017."},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106272","DOI":"10.1155\/S1110865704311121","volume":"10","author":"Ma","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Adv Signal Process"},{"key":"R8","unstructured":"Cormen TH. Introduction to Algorithms 3rd ed. Cambridge Mass, MIT Press, 2009."},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6027","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2014.2362533","volume":"13","author":"Yuan","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Wireless Commun"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12137","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3060438","volume":"8","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phycom.2019.01.013","volume":"33","author":"Soni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys Commun"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gan Y, Lei X and Xiao Y et al. Improved channel information extraction toward efficient secret key generation. In: IEEE 19th International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT), Xi\u2019an China, IEEE 2019: 97\u2013101.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCT46805.2019.8947050"}],"container-title":["Security and Safety"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/sands.edpsciences.org\/10.1051\/sands\/2023033\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]],"date-time":"2024-02-02T09:08:29Z","timestamp":1706864909000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/sands.edpsciences.org\/10.1051\/sands\/2023033"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Aiqun","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Xiangyun","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Xiangwei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":12,"alternative-id":["sands20230019"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051\/sands\/2023033","relation":{},"ISSN":["2826-1275"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2826-1275"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}}}