{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T01:47:30Z","timestamp":1790819250298,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"EDP Sciences","issue":"3-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,24]],"date-time":"2020-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":358,"URL":"https:\/\/www.edpsciences.org\/en\/authors\/copyright-and-licensing"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biologie Aujourd\u2019hui"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>L\u2019infertilit\u00e9, les fausses couches pr\u00e9coces et les malformations cong\u00e9nitales sont des probl\u00e8mes majeurs de sant\u00e9 publique fr\u00e9quents et relativement m\u00e9connus. Jusqu\u2019\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent ce que l\u2019on sait du d\u00e9veloppement pr\u00e9coce humain provient de deux sources principales\u2009: l\u2019\u00e9tude d\u2019embryons humains et l\u2019\u00e9tude d\u2019animaux mod\u00e8les. Bien que certains m\u00e9canismes mol\u00e9culaires soient conserv\u00e9s, il existe des sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9s li\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019esp\u00e8ce humaine. Ainsi, il est important d\u2019\u00e9tudier les animaux mod\u00e8les les plus proches possibles dans la classification phylog\u00e9n\u00e9tique, ce qui a men\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019utilisation de lign\u00e9es cellulaires de primates. De nos jours, les seuls embryons humains disponibles sont ceux issus de la F\u00e9condation <jats:italic>In Vitro<\/jats:italic>, ils sont donc peu nombreux et doivent \u00eatre d\u00e9truits au bout de 14 jours. Cela a pouss\u00e9 les chercheurs \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper de nouvelles strat\u00e9gies. Diff\u00e9rentes \u00e9quipes ont donc utilis\u00e9 les cellules souches embryonnaires ou les cellules souches pluripotentes induites et leurs propri\u00e9t\u00e9s d\u2019auto-organisation <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> pour recr\u00e9er des \u00ab\u2009embryons\u2009\u00bb et ainsi \u00e9tudier leur d\u00e9veloppement. Ces nouvelles strat\u00e9gies permettent de limiter l\u2019utilisation d\u2019embryons humains mais de nouvelles questions se posent d\u00e9sormais sur le statut l\u00e9gal de ces nouveaux \u00ab\u2009mod\u00e8les\u2009\u00bb. \u00c0 l\u2019avenir, il sera important de mettre \u00e0 jour les diff\u00e9rentes l\u00e9gislations et recommandations de l\u2019<jats:italic>International Society for Stem Cell Research<\/jats:italic> (ISSCR) au fur et \u00e0 mesure des avanc\u00e9es scientifiques pour \u00e9viter toute d\u00e9rive. Un respect des recommandations et le maintien de discussions entre sp\u00e9cialistes et \u00ab\u2009grand public\u2009\u00bb permettront une meilleure compr\u00e9hension du d\u00e9veloppement pr\u00e9coce humain et la mise en place de strat\u00e9gies r\u00e9pondant \u00e0 des enjeux sanitaires.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1051\/jbio\/2020012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,24]],"date-time":"2020-12-24T09:46:56Z","timestamp":1608803216000},"page":"109-113","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Le d\u00e9veloppement embryonnaire pr\u00e9-gastrulatoire humain\u2009: mod\u00e8les d\u2019avenir et enjeux soci\u00e9taux"],"prefix":"10.1051","volume":"214","author":[{"given":"In\u00e8s","family":"Jmel Boyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Garc\u00eda S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"250","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/s12910-017-0198-5","volume":"18","author":"Cavaliere","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Med Ethics"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17948","volume":"533","author":"Deglincerti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R3","unstructured":"European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. \n(2014). \nStatements by the Task Force Ethics and Law."},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1038\/nature24033","volume":"550","author":"Fogarty","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R5","unstructured":"Foucrier J., \nFranquinet R. \n(2013). \nAtlas d\u2019Embryologie Descriptive, \nDunod."},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1038\/533169a","volume":"533","author":"Hyun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat News"},{"key":"R7","unstructured":"ISSCR. \n(2016). \nGuidelines for Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation."},{"key":"R8","unstructured":"(2013). Loi n\u00b0 2013-715 du 6 ao\u00fbt 2013 tendant \u00e0 modifier la loi n\u00b0 2011-814 du 7 juillet 2011 relative \u00e0 la bio\u00e9thique en autorisant sous certaines conditions la recherche sur l\u2019embryon et les cellules souches embryonnaires."},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaax7890","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aax7890","volume":"366","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1093\/jmcb\/mjz108","volume":"12","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dev179564","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.179564","volume":"146","author":"Martyn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaaw5754","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaw5754","volume":"366","author":"Niu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-018-07663-9","volume":"564","author":"Rivron","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17894","volume":"533","author":"Rossant","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2017.10.008","volume":"21","author":"Ruzo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb3347","volume":"18","author":"Shahbazi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-018-05586-z","volume":"559","author":"Shen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-020-0740-0","volume":"17","author":"Vogt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang Y., \nZhao C., \nHou Z., \nYang Y., \nBi Y., \nWang H., \nZhang Y., \nGao S. \n(2018). \nUnique molecular events during reprogramming of human somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) at na\u00efve state. \nElife, 7.","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.29518"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1875-y","volume":"577","author":"Xiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1535-2","volume":"573","author":"Zheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["Biologie Aujourd\u2019hui"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.biologie-journal.org\/10.1051\/jbio\/2020012\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]],"date-time":"2021-02-25T20:06:30Z","timestamp":1614283590000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.biologie-journal.org\/10.1051\/jbio\/2020012"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3-4"},"alternative-id":["jbio200012"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051\/jbio\/2020012","relation":{},"ISSN":["2105-0678","2105-0686"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2105-0678","type":"print"},{"value":"2105-0686","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}}}