{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T08:01:13Z","timestamp":1785484873450,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"EDP Sciences","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":211,"URL":"https:\/\/www.edpsciences.org\/en\/authors\/copyright-and-licensing"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biologie Aujourd\u2019hui"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Cet article vise \u00e0 d\u00e9crire quelques \u00ab\u00a0soubresauts\u00a0\u00bb de la vie tumultueuse de Charles-\u00c9douard Brown-S\u00e9quard (1817\u20131894). Fils posthume d\u2019un am\u00e9ricain et d\u2019une fran\u00e7aise dont il associera les noms, il na\u00eet et passe sa jeunesse \u00e0 l\u2019\u00cele Maurice, alors possession anglaise mais largement francophone, avant de partir pour Paris o\u00f9 on lui conseille de se consacrer \u00e0 la m\u00e9decine plut\u00f4t qu\u2019\u00e0 la litt\u00e9rature, son ambition initiale. Ses \u00e9tudes m\u00e9dicales sont interrompues par la mort subite de sa m\u00e8re et un premier retour, provisoire, \u00e0 Maurice\u00a0; reprises \u00e0 Paris, elles aboutissent \u00e0 une th\u00e8se de doctorat sur la physiologie de la moelle \u00e9pini\u00e8re. Malgr\u00e9 une situation mat\u00e9rielle pr\u00e9caire et pendant l\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie de chol\u00e9ra (1848), Brown-S\u00e9quard continue ses travaux de recherche sur des sujets tr\u00e8s divers, notamment des greffes intersp\u00e9cifiques d\u2019organes, mais il affine \u00e9galement la description des sympt\u00f4mes du syndrome de l\u00e9sion spinale qui porte toujours son nom et d\u00e9montre le croisement dans la moelle de certaines voies sensorielles ainsi que, sur l\u2019oreille de lapin, le r\u00f4le de l\u2019innervation vaso-motrice. Ne pouvant, par son statut de sujet britannique, obtenir en France de poste permanent, il va pendant trente ans multiplier les voyages et les s\u00e9jours \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger, notamment aux \u00c9tats-Unis (60\u2009travers\u00e9es transatlantiques), \u00e0 Philadelphie, New York, Richmond puis \u00e0 Londres et Dublin et \u00e0 Boston (Harvard). C\u2019est au moment de la mort de Claude Bernard qu\u2019il obtient enfin sa naturalisation fran\u00e7aise, ce qui lui permet d\u2019\u00eatre candidat \u00e0 la chaire de M\u00e9decine du Coll\u00e8ge de France o\u00f9 il est \u00e9lu en 1878 ainsi qu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie des Sciences en 1886. Jusqu\u2019\u00e0 sa mort en 1894 il se consacre \u00e0 la description des effets de traitements r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rateurs par des extraits de glandes ou d\u2019organes (opoth\u00e9rapie) avec la prescience, en particulier sur les surr\u00e9nales, de ce qui deviendra l\u2019endocrinologie. Avec d\u2019Arsonval il diffuse la m\u00e9thode parmi les m\u00e9decins avant que la presse et le grand public ne s\u2019en emparent, lui conf\u00e9rant une renomm\u00e9e un peu sulfureuse de \u00ab\u00a0savant fou\u00a0\u00bb. Bourreau de travail (et de beaucoup d\u2019animaux...), courageux \u00e0 l\u2019extr\u00eame, d\u00e9sint\u00e9ress\u00e9, excentrique, ent\u00eat\u00e9 dans l\u2019erreur comme dans la v\u00e9rit\u00e9, Brown-S\u00e9quard appara\u00eet comme un savant du\n                    <jats:sc>XIX<\/jats:sc>\n                    <jats:sup>e<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009si\u00e8cle aussi singulier qu\u2019attachant. La Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de Biologie, qu\u2019il a pr\u00e9sid\u00e9e de 1887 \u00e0 1891 et dont il avait particip\u00e9 en 1848 \u00e0 la fondation ainsi qu\u2019\u00e0 celle de plusieurs revues scientifiques, se doit de lui rendre hommage.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1051\/jbio\/2026004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T07:45:18Z","timestamp":1785483918000},"page":"25-34","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Un chercheur inspir\u00e9 et vagabond\u00a0: Charles-\u00c9douard Brown-S\u00e9quard (1817\u20131894)"],"prefix":"10.1051","volume":"220","author":[{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Calas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut des Maladies Neurod\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives, IMN, UMR CNRS 5293, Universit\u00e9 de Bordeaux, Centre Paul Broca","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"250","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)64118-1","volume":"137","author":"Brown-S\u00e9quard","year":"1889","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1051\/jbio\/2025009","volume":"219","author":"Calas","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biologie Aujourd\u2019hui"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2002.tb05014.x","volume":"177","author":"Cussons","year":"2002","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1986.00520090051015","volume":"43","author":"Kochler","year":"1986","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1080\/09647049609525647","volume":"5","author":"Laporte","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Hist Neurosci"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crvi.2006.03.007","volume":"9","author":"Laporte","year":"2006","journal-title":"Comptes Rendus Biologie"},{"key":"R7","first-page":"5","volume":"14","author":"Rey","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gazette de la SOFOP"},{"key":"R8","unstructured":"Role A. (1977). La vie \u00e9trange d\u2019un grand savant, le professeur Brown-S\u00e9quard (pr\u00e9face de Robert Debr\u00e9), Plon, Paris."},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1177\/107385840000600114","volume":"6","author":"Aminoff","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"R10","unstructured":"Aminoff M.J.\u00a0(2010). Brown-S\u00e9quard: An improbable genius who transformed medicine, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 376 p."},{"key":"R11","first-page":"309","volume":"50","author":"Borell","year":"1976","journal-title":"Bull Hist Med"},{"key":"R12","unstructured":"Chisholm H. (Ed.). (1911). Brown-S\u00e9quard, Charles-\u00c9douard. Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica, Vol. 4 (11\n                      th\n                      \u2009ed.). 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