{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T09:57:27Z","timestamp":1773395847313,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"EDP Sciences","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773360000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Extra Corpor Technol","JECT"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Introduction<\/jats:italic>\n                    : Although the use of the heart-lung machine (HLM) is routine in cardiac operating theaters, there is still a lack of evidence-based guidelines concerning the optimal speed to reach full flow during initiation to reduce critical episodes of cerebral ischemia. Therefore, we have designed a study to compare two distinct initiation times for the commencement of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).\n                    <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>\n                    : We conducted a randomized, monocentric, double-blind, prospective study to assess the impact of two different CPB initiation speeds \u2013 rapid initiation at 30\u00a0s and slow initiation at 180\u00a0s \u2013 on cerebral tissue oxygenation (TOI via NIRS), arterial oxygen pressure, hematocrit (HCT) variation, and the incidence of postoperative delirium. The target flow rate was set at 2.4\u00a0L\/min\/m\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    , with adjustments made according to the patient\u2019s body surface area.\n                    <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n                    : The absolute values of the tissue oxygenation index (TOI) and HCT showed no differences between the study during the first 180\u00a0s following commencement of CPB. Patients in the fast group exhibited significantly lower arterial oxygen pressure at the initiation of the (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). Additionally, patients in the fast group experienced a higher incidence of delirium in the second and third days following surgery. While clinically relevant, the elevated incidence of delirium fell short of being statistically significant, with post-operative days 2 and 3 having\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    -values of 0.06 and 0.08, respectively.\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>\n                    : The results of this study indicate that, despite the absence of a significant difference in TOI between the study groups, patients in the slow group exhibited a not statistically significant trend for a lower incidence of delirium, as defined by CAMICU-7, in comparison to those in the fast group.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1051\/ject\/2025050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T07:58:07Z","timestamp":1759910287000},"page":"73-78","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A comparative study of the effect of slow and rapid initiation of cardiopulmonary pump on tissue oxygenation index and ischemic complications"],"prefix":"10.1051","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6512-5881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mostafa","family":"Bagherinasab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sahar","family":"Rezaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nursing, Tehran University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali Reza","family":"Moradi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Jabbari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Golestan University of Medical Science","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amin","family":"Noori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zachary","family":"Archer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health Sciences, Cardiovascular Science Program","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathaniel H.","family":"Darban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health Sciences, Cardiovascular Science Program","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"250","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1177\/02676591211068972","volume":"38","author":"Turra","year":"2023","journal-title":"Perfusion"},{"key":"R2","unstructured":"Gravlee GP. Cardiopulmonary bypass: principles and practice. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008."},{"issue":"3","key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1051\/ject\/202153177","volume":"53","author":"Turra","year":"2021","journal-title":"J ExtraCorp Technol"},{"issue":"5","key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e3181875e2e","volume":"108","author":"Murphy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R5","unstructured":"Ismail A, Semien G, Sharma S, Collier SA, Miskolczi SY. Cardiopulmonary bypass. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; 2024."},{"issue":"8","key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjcn\/zvae066","volume":"23","author":"Petersson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs"},{"issue":"5","key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000002368","volume":"45","author":"Khan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"16","key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4193","DOI":"10.1113\/JP277591","volume":"597","author":"Shepherd","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2008.12.028","volume":"138","author":"Caputo","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2016.04.002","volume":"34","author":"Armstead","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anesthesiol Clin"},{"issue":"3","key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2013.03.034","volume":"28","author":"Fontes","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xjtc.2020.04.001","volume":"2","author":"Condello","year":"2020","journal-title":"JTCVS Tech."},{"issue":"2","key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.4103\/aca.aca_206_20","volume":"25","author":"Soliman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Cardiac Anaesth"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1892","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-001-1132-2","volume":"27","author":"Ely","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int Care Med"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/cc3729","volume":"9","author":"Thomason","year":"2005","journal-title":"Critical Care"}],"container-title":["The Journal of ExtraCorporeal Technology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ject.edpsciences.org\/10.1051\/ject\/2025050\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T08:53:39Z","timestamp":1773392019000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ject.edpsciences.org\/10.1051\/ject\/2025050"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"alternative-id":["ject250059"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051\/ject\/2025050","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1058","2969-8960"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1058","type":"print"},{"value":"2969-8960","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}}}