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Des efforts tr\u00e8s importants sont consentis contre les virus de la poliomy\u00e9lite depuis 1988, mais l\u2019objectif final n\u2019est pas encore atteint. Paradoxalement, alors que le but d\u2019\u00e9radiquer ces deux maladies virales est presque atteint, la biologie de synth\u00e8se multiplie les prouesses permettant la n\u00e9osynth\u00e8se de virus, mettant ainsi en p\u00e9ril, au moins virtuellement, la p\u00e9rennit\u00e9 de ces avanc\u00e9es. Cet article met en regard les potentialit\u00e9s de cette nouvelle biologie et la difficile r\u00e9alit\u00e9 de la lutte contre les infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1051\/medsci\/2019005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,18]],"date-time":"2019-02-18T08:49:44Z","timestamp":1550479784000},"page":"181-186","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["L\u2019\u00e9radication des maladies infectieuses virales mise en danger par les avanc\u00e9es de la biologie synth\u00e9tique"],"prefix":"10.1051","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Jean-Nicolas","family":"Tournier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"250","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","unstructured":"Fenner F, Henderson DA, Arita I, et al. Smallpox and its Eradication. 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