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Nous d\u00e9crivons ici une nouvelle voie de prot\u00e9ostase cellulaire ne d\u00e9gradant pas la prot\u00e9ine anormale mais l\u2019expulsant hors de la cellule gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des nanov\u00e9sicules appel\u00e9es my\u00e9linosomes. Ces my\u00e9linosomes sont produits par la cellule dans des situations pathologiques ou de stress en lien avec des facteurs g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques ou environnementaux. Sur le plan morphologique, les my\u00e9linosomes sont caract\u00e9ris\u00e9s par des membranes osmiophiles denses aux \u00e9lectrons dont l\u2019arrangement empil\u00e9 est semblable \u00e0 celui de la my\u00e9line et pr\u00e9sente jusqu\u2019\u00e0 30 feuillets selon le type de cellule. Dans deux mod\u00e8les, au moins, de maladies g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques (la maladie de Huntington et la mucoviscidose), les my\u00e9linosomes sont importants pour \u00e9liminer les prot\u00e9ines mut\u00e9es par un processus s\u00e9cr\u00e9toire inhabituel, \u00e9vitant ainsi leur agr\u00e9gation dans les cellules.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1051\/medsci\/2020173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]],"date-time":"2020-11-05T13:01:23Z","timestamp":1604581283000},"page":"1012-1017","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Les my\u00e9linosomes : une nouvelle voie du contr\u00f4le de qualit\u00e9 des prot\u00e9ines"],"prefix":"10.1051","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Yefimova","family":"Marina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5013-6932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Celia","family":"Ravel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neyroud","family":"Anne-Sophie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emile","family":"B\u00e9r\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Bourmeyster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"250","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1051\/medsci\/2005216-7619","volume":"21","author":"Arrigo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med Sci (Paris)"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1051\/medsci\/2005212115","volume":"21","author":"Le","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med Sci (Paris)"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1051\/medsci\/200824119","volume":"24","author":"Puyal","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med Sci (Paris)"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1051\/medsci\/2019172","volume":"35","author":"Buschiazzo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med Sci (Paris)"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2144","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02144","volume":"9","author":"Wosen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb3372","volume":"18","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2016.11.007","volume":"27","author":"Rabouille","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ghadially FN. 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