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L\u2019effet du stress aigu ou chronique est objectiv\u00e9 par l\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9vation d\u2019hormones, comme le cortisol, et d\u2019autres mol\u00e9cules circulantes, \u00e9voluant au cours du temps. Apr\u00e8s avoir d\u00e9crit les comportements face au danger, nous exposons dans cette Synth\u00e8se, les diff\u00e9rentes r\u00e9gulations anatomiques et physiologiques susceptibles de varier lors du passage d\u2019un stress adaptable \u00e0 un stress traumatique (et de ses m\u00e9moires), pouvant entra\u00eener l\u2019installation de troubles de stress post-traumatique (TSPT). 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