{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,18]],"date-time":"2023-02-18T05:40:39Z","timestamp":1676698839281},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"EDP Sciences","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]],"date-time":"2023-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"https:\/\/www.edpsciences.org\/en\/authors\/copyright-and-licensing"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Med Sci (Paris)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>En mati\u00e8re d\u2019accompagnement des personnes trans, comme dans d\u2019autres domaines, ce qui se passe aux \u00c9tats-Unis est r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement observ\u00e9 et source d\u2019inspiration au niveau international ; les remous politiques r\u00e9cents autour de l\u2019accompagnement trans affirmatif dans certains \u00c9tats, en particulier pour les mineurs, ont un impact ind\u00e9niable en Europe, en \u00e9tant r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement utilis\u00e9s par les \u00ab camps \u00bb qui s\u2019affrontent aujourd\u2019hui sur cette question. Le contexte politique et l\u2019organisation du syst\u00e8me de sant\u00e9 et d\u2019assurance maladie colorent cet accompagnement de mani\u00e8re tr\u00e8s sp\u00e9cifique aux \u00c9tats-Unis, et omettre ces aspects ou les simplifier sont source d\u2019interpr\u00e9tations erron\u00e9es et de d\u00e9sinformation. Comprendre ces d\u00e9terminants est essentiel pour d\u00e9finir ce qui appartient au champ m\u00e9dical, et replacer au centre des discussions l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat des personnes concern\u00e9es, les principes de bienfaisance, de non malfaisance et d\u2019\u00e9quit\u00e9. Dans cet article, nous discuterons donc d\u2019organisation des soins et de recommandations de bonnes pratiques, mais aussi, \u00e0 partir d\u2019articles et de r\u00e9f\u00e9rences \u00ab non scientifiques \u00bb, du climat politique et social et de son impact sur l\u2019accompagnement des personnes trans, y compris hors des \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1051\/medsci\/2023014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]],"date-time":"2023-02-17T09:03:35Z","timestamp":1676624615000},"page":"146-150","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Accompagnement des transidentit\u00e9s aux \u00c9tats-Unis, avanc\u00e9es et reculs, impact en Europe"],"prefix":"10.1051","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Anne","family":"Bargiacchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"250","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","unstructured":"Pour des exemples d\u2019organisation des soins, voir par exemple : https:\/\/transcare.ucsf.edu, https:\/\/thrive.kaiserpermanente.org\/care-near-you\/northern-california\/sanfrancisco\/departments\/gender-pathways-clinic\/ et https:\/\/www.stanfordchildrens.org\/en\/service\/gender."},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1037\/a0037490","volume":"46","author":"Tishelman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prof Psychol Res Pr"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1159\/000496115","volume":"90","author":"Skordis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-18-0227","volume":"179","author":"Martinerie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"R5","unstructured":"pour une description du climat de tensions actuelles, voir par exemple : https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/nation\/2022\/08\/17\/boston-childrens-hospital-transgender-treatment\/."},{"key":"R6","unstructured":"pour un exemple de prise de position, voir par exemple la note sur la page d\u2019accueil de la Gender Clinic de Boston : https:\/\/www.childrenshospital.org\/programs\/gender-multispecialty-service."},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2020.0017","volume":"5","author":"Kachen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transgend Health"},{"key":"R8","unstructured":"pour un plan strat\u00e9gique de prise en compte des aspects d\u2019\u00e9quit\u00e9 et de justice sociale en m\u00e9decine, voir par exemple : https:\/\/www.ama-assn.org\/about\/leadership\/ama-s-strategic-plan-embed-racial-justice-and-advance-health-equity?gclid=CjwKCAjwsMGYBhAEEiwAGUXJaV75QXMuE3gGJYbAx2E7Au2lHcrTjV0l7Q2hMvHbGBUs00uON_AzxxoC60AQAvD_BwE."},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.3928\/00904481-20140522-11","volume":"43","author":"Hsieh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Ann"},{"key":"R10","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.hrc.org\/resources\/interactive-map-clinical-care-programs-for-gender-nonconforming-childr."},{"key":"R11","unstructured":"World Professional Association for Transgender Health. Standards of Care for the Health of Transgender and Gender Diverse People [8th version], 2022."},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3869","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2017-01658","volume":"102","author":"Hembree","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"R13","unstructured":"ces d\u00e9bats sont parfois relay\u00e9s dans les m\u00e9dias : https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/outlook\/2021\/11\/24\/trans-kids-therapy-psychologist\/."},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-020-01844-2","volume":"50","author":"D\u2019Angelo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1080\/26895269.2022.2100644","volume":"23","author":"Coleman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Transgender Health"},{"key":"R16","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2022\/06\/15\/magazine\/gender-therapy.html."},{"key":"R17","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/en\/special-procedures\/ie-sexual-orientation-and-gender-identity\/struggle-trans-and-gender-diverse-persons."},{"key":"R18","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.commonwealthfund.org\/blog\/2018\/federal-protections-health-care-risk-transgender-americans."},{"key":"R19","unstructured":"https:\/\/transgenderlawcenter.org\/equalitymap."},{"key":"R20","unstructured":"Human Rights Watch a cr\u00e9\u00e9 un \u00ab State Equality Index \u00bb qui compare les diff\u00e9rents \u00e9tats et souligne les disparit\u00e9s : https:\/\/www.hrc.org\/resources\/state-equality-index."},{"key":"R21","unstructured":"pour une vision plus \u00ab grand public \u00bb de la diff\u00e9rence entre ce qui est d\u00e9cid\u00e9 au niveau f\u00e9d\u00e9ral et ce qui est d\u00e9cid\u00e9 au niveau des \u00e9tats : https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/money\/2020\/06\/19\/the-best-and-worst-states-for-lgbtq-people\/111968524\/."},{"key":"R22","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/outlook\/2021\/07\/06\/false-claims-protecting-children-are-fueling-anti-trans-legislation\/."},{"key":"R23","unstructured":"sur les d\u00e9bats sur l\u2019interpr\u00e9tation des droits \u00ab constitutionnels \u00bb : https:\/\/thehill.com\/opinion\/civil-rights\/415657-transgender-rights-are-constitutional-rights\/."},{"key":"R24","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/fact-tank\/2017\/11\/08\/transgender-issues-divide-republicans-and-democrats\/."},{"key":"R25","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2015\/04\/09\/us\/politics\/obama-to-call-for-end-to-conversion-therapies-for-gay-and-transgender-youth.html."},{"key":"R26","unstructured":"https:\/\/transequality.org\/the-discrimination-administration."},{"key":"R27","unstructured":"https:\/\/transequality.org\/know-your-rights\/health-care."},{"key":"R28","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.healthcare.gov\/transgender-health-care\/."},{"key":"R29","unstructured":"pour un article grand public, voir par exemple : https:\/\/www.thetaskforce.org\/new-analysis-shows-startling-levels-of-discrimination-against-black-transgender-people\/."},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2020.0095","volume":"6","author":"Lett","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transgend Health"},{"key":"R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1080\/15532739.2016.1252300","volume":"18","author":"Seelman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Transgend"},{"key":"R32","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.pbs.org\/newshour\/politics\/new-poll-shows-americans-overwhelmingly-oppose-anti-transgender-laws."},{"key":"R33","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/magazine\/archive\/2018\/07\/when-a-child-says-shes-trans\/561749\/."},{"key":"R34","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/briefing-room\/statements-releases\/2022\/03\/31\/fact-sheet-biden-harris-administration-advances-equality-and-visibility-for-transgender-americans\/."},{"key":"R35","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/60-minutes-transgender-health-care-issues-2021-05-23\/?intcid=CNM-00-10abd1h."},{"key":"R36","unstructured":"comme celles de l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie de M\u00e9decine en France, de la Su\u00e8de et de la Finlande, de l\u2019Angleterre, ou encore les tribunes publi\u00e9es ces derniers mois dans divers journaux par certaines personnalit\u00e9s."},{"key":"R37","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/outlook\/2018\/10\/29\/battle-over-trans-rights-is-about-power-not-science\/."},{"key":"R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-021-00535-9","volume":"17","author":"Rosenthal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"R39","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.lgbtmap.org\/mapping-trans-equality"},{"key":"R40","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.americanprogress.org\/article\/protecting-advancing-health-care-transgender-adult-communities\/."},{"key":"R41","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.yalemedicine.org\/news\/transgender-medical-care."},{"key":"R42","unstructured":"https:\/\/protecttranshealth.org."},{"key":"R43","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.lgbtmap.org\/news\/understanding-transgender-issues-unfair-price-release."},{"key":"R44","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/09\/28\/health\/transgender-health-care.html."},{"key":"R45","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.justice.gov\/crt\/page\/file\/910161\/download."},{"key":"R46","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.hrc.org."},{"key":"R47","unstructured":"https:\/\/newsroom.heart.org\/news\/health-disparities-and-equitable-access-to-health-care-persist-with-transgender-adults."},{"key":"R48","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/health-shots\/2017\/11\/21\/564817975\/health-care-system-fails-many-transgender-americans."},{"key":"R49","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.amsa.org\/action-committee\/gender-and-sexuality\/transgender-health\/."}],"container-title":["m\u00e9decine\/sciences"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.medecinesciences.org\/10.1051\/medsci\/2023014\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]],"date-time":"2023-02-17T09:06:51Z","timestamp":1676624811000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.medecinesciences.org\/10.1051\/medsci\/2023014"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"alternative-id":["msc230015"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051\/medsci\/2023014","relation":{},"ISSN":["0767-0974","1958-5381"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0767-0974","type":"print"},{"value":"1958-5381","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}}}