{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T19:21:30Z","timestamp":1790277690439,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"EDP Sciences","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,15]],"date-time":"2019-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasite"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Dirofilariasis is endemic in Russia, as well as in many other European countries. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of mosquitoes to transfer <jats:italic>Dirofilaria immitis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Dirofilaria repens<\/jats:italic> in regions with temperate and subtropical climates. The possible impact of the symbiotic bacterium <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic> on <jats:italic>Dirofilaria<\/jats:italic> transmission was also investigated. 5333 female mosquitoes were collected at 11 points in central European Russia and on the Black Sea coast during the period 2013\u20132017. Out of 20 mosquito species examined, 14 were infected with <jats:italic>D. repens<\/jats:italic> and 13 with <jats:italic>D. immitis<\/jats:italic>. Both species of <jats:italic>Dirofilaria<\/jats:italic> were found in different climatic regions. The total <jats:italic>Dirofilaria<\/jats:italic> spp. estimated infection rate (EIR) in the central part of Russia varied from 3.1% to 3.7% and, in the southern region, from 1.1% to 3.0%. The highest estimated infection rate was found in <jats:italic>Anopheles messeae<\/jats:italic>, the lowest in <jats:italic>Culex pipiens<\/jats:italic>. The greatest epidemiological danger was represented by <jats:italic>Aedes aegypti<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Ae. geniculatus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>An. messeae<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Ae. communis<\/jats:italic>. Six out of 20 mosquito species were infected with <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>. Pools of <jats:italic>Aedes albopictus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Cx. pipiens<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Coquillettidia richiardii<\/jats:italic> were simultaneously infected with <jats:italic>Dirofilaria<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>. After checking mosquitoes individually, it was found that there was no development of <jats:italic>Dirofilaria<\/jats:italic> to the infective larval stage in specimens infected with <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>. Twenty-two <jats:italic>Dirofilaria<\/jats:italic>-infective pools were <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>-free and only two mosquito pools were <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>-infected. The potential for transmission of <jats:italic>Dirofilaria<\/jats:italic> in mosquito species naturally uninfected with the symbiotic bacterium <jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic> is higher than in species infected with the bacterium.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2019002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,15]],"date-time":"2019-01-15T09:54:11Z","timestamp":1547546051000},"page":"2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["<i>Dirofilaria<\/i> and <i>Wolbachia<\/i> in mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in central European Russia and on the Black Sea coast"],"prefix":"10.1051","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Elena","family":"Shaikevich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Bogacheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludmila","family":"Ganushkina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"250","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003075","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003075","volume":"8","author":"Andrews","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Pathogens"},{"key":"R2","first-page":"13","volume":"7","author":"Arakeljan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Siberian Medical Journal"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2761","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msr083","volume":"28","author":"Atyame","year":"2011","journal-title":"Molecular Biology and Evolution"},{"key":"R4","first-page":"108","volume":"3","author":"Barashkova","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal Infectology"},{"issue":"6133","key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1236192","volume":"340","author":"Bian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"R6","first-page":"200","volume":"34","author":"Biskin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi"},{"issue":"10","key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3465","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-013-3526-9","volume":"112","author":"Bockova","year":"2013","journal-title":"Parasitology Research"},{"issue":"9","key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2373","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.180.9.2373-2378.1998","volume":"180","author":"Braig","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Bacteriology"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2016.04.030","volume":"223","author":"Bravo-Barriga","year":"2016","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"R10","first-page":"1297","volume":"11","author":"Byakova","year":"2014","journal-title":"Basic Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-018-2845-1","volume":"11","author":"Cabanova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Parasites & Vectors"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2003.10.011","volume":"118","author":"Cancrini","year":"2003a","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"issue":"4","key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2003.00463.x","volume":"17","author":"Cancrini","year":"2003b","journal-title":"Medical and Veterinary Entomology"},{"issue":"3","key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/43.3.574","volume":"43","author":"Cancrini","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Entomology"},{"key":"R15","unstructured":"Cancrini G, Gabrielli S. 2007. 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