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In this context, it is crucial to monitor progress towards these targets using accurate tools to assess the level of transmission in a given area. The aim of this study was to investigate the relevance of the immune trypanolysis test (TL) as a population-based bioassay to evaluate <jats:italic>Trypanosoma brucei gambiense<\/jats:italic> transmission in various epidemiological contexts. Significant correlations were observed between HAT endemicity levels and the percentage of TL-positive individuals in the population. TL therefore appears to be a suitable population-based biomarker of the intensity of transmission. In addition to being used as a tool to assess the HAT status at an individual level, assessing the proportion of TL positive individuals in the population appears as a promising and easy alternative to monitor the elimination of <jats:italic>gambiense<\/jats:italic> HAT in a given area.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2019066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]],"date-time":"2019-11-22T09:04:11Z","timestamp":1574413451000},"page":"68","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Immune trypanolysis test as a promising bioassay to monitor the elimination of <i>gambiense<\/i> human African 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