{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T12:46:29Z","timestamp":1786970789350,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"EDP Sciences","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,21]],"date-time":"2020-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":111,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasite"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic> is a threat for immunocompromized individuals, and no treatment is available for enhancing immunity against infection. Molecular adjuvants may improve the efficacy of DNA vaccine-induced T cell immunity. Here, we report that cocktailed DNA immunization with ROP5 and ROP18 boosted immune responses induced by a single DNA immunization with ROP5 or ROP18, but also that co-administration of molecular adjuvant IL-33 enhanced immune efficacy induced by this cocktailed DNA vaccination. These improved immune responses were characterized by higher <jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic>-specific IgG2a titers, Th1 responses associated with the production of IFN-\u03b3, IL-2, IL-12, as well as cell-mediated activity with higher frequencies of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. More importantly, this enhanced immunity has the ability to confer remarkable protection against a high dose lethal challenge of the <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> RH strain and thus against chronic infection with the <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> PRU strain. These data show that IL-33 is a promising immunoadjuvant to facilitate humoral as well as cellular immunity in a vaccine setting against <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>, and suggest that it should be evaluated in strategies against other apicomplexan parasites.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2020021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,21]],"date-time":"2020-04-21T21:14:46Z","timestamp":1587503686000},"page":"26","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Adjuvantic cytokine IL-33 improves the protective immunity of cocktailed DNA vaccine of ROP5 and ROP18 against <i>toxoplasma gondii<\/i> infection in 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