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The typing carried out by isoenzymatic study and by molecular biology were congruent: two strains of<jats:italic>Leishmania donovani<\/jats:italic>zymodeme (Z) MON-31 isolated in the Sharqiyah and one<jats:italic>L. tropica<\/jats:italic>ZROM102 (ZMON-39 variant for 4 isoenzymes) from the Dhofar. No strain was isolated from canids. The study of sandflies identified 14 species distributed in the genera<jats:italic>Phlebotomus<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Sergentomyia<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Grassomyia<\/jats:italic>:<jats:italic>Ph. papatasi<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Ph<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>bergeroti<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Ph<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>duboscqi<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Ph<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>alexandri<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Ph<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>saevus<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Ph<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>sergenti<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Se. fallax<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Se<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>baghdadis<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Se<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>cincta<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Se<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>christophersi<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Se<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>clydei<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Se<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>tiberiadis<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Se<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>africana<\/jats:italic>, and<jats:italic>Gr. dreyfussi<\/jats:italic>. In Sharqiyah, the only candidate for the transmission of<jats:italic>L. donovani<\/jats:italic>was<jats:italic>Ph. alexandri<\/jats:italic>, but the low densities observed of this species do not argue in favor of any role. In Dhofar,<jats:italic>Ph. sergenti<\/jats:italic>is the most important proven vector of<jats:italic>L. tropica<\/jats:italic>, but<jats:italic>Ph. saevus<\/jats:italic>, a locally much more abundant species, constitutes a good candidate for transmission.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2020064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]],"date-time":"2020-11-30T11:30:46Z","timestamp":1606735846000},"page":"68","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Leishmaniasis and phlebotomine sand flies in Oman Sultanate"],"prefix":"10.1051","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Jean-Antoine","family":"Rioux","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Gramiccia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"L\u00e9ger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Desjeux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6995-0088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Depaquit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"250","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","first-page":"239 p","volume":"55","author":"Abonnenc","year":"1972","journal-title":"M\u00e9moires de l\u2019ORSTOM"},{"key":"R2","unstructured":"Abonnenc E, Rioux JA. 1961. 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