{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T01:33:53Z","timestamp":1790645633785,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"EDP Sciences","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":348,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Public Welfare Science and Technology Plan Project of Ningbo","award":["202002N3153"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202002N3153"]}]},{"name":"Ningbo medical and health brand discipline","award":["PPXK2018-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PPXK2018-06"]}]},{"name":"Children's Health and Disease Clinical Medicine Research Center of Ningbo","award":["2019A21002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019A21002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasite"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic> is well known to infect almost all avian and mammalian species including humans, with worldwide distribution. This protozoan parasite can cause serious toxoplasmosis, posing with a risk to public health. The role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> has not been well described. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of microRNA-155 (miR-155) in mediating innate and adaptive immune responses during <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> infection in mice models. The survival and parasite burden in <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>-infected miR-155<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> and wild-type (WT) C57BL6 mice were compared. In these two mouse models, ELISA tests were used for analysis of Th1-associated, Th2-associated, and Th17-associated cytokines, and flow cytometry was used for analysis of the subpopulations of NK, NKT, CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T, CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs), as well as Ly6Chi inflammatory monocytes and dendritic cells. The lack of miR-155 led to increased parasite burden and decreased survival of infected mice in contrast to WT mice. Innate and adaptive immune responses were reduced in the absence of miR-155, along with decreased proinflammatory mediators, Th-1-associated and Th-2-associated cytokines and accumulation of lymphocyte subpopulations. Also, CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cell exhaustion was also worsened in the absence of miR-155 via targeting of SHIP-1 and SOCS1, showing as up-regulated recruitment of Tregs and expression of PD-1, and down-regulated expression of IFN-\u03b3 and TNF-\u03b1 in CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells. Our results show that miR-155 is a critical immune regulator for the control of <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> infection, suggesting that miR-155 can be explored as a potential molecular target for boosting immunity against <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2021082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T10:55:14Z","timestamp":1639565714000},"page":"83","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["MicroRNA-155 contributes to host immunity against <i>Toxoplasma 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