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In humans, the parasite mainly colonizes the liver but can colonize any organ and cause atypical forms, often difficult to characterize clinically. Moreover, molecular methods may be suitable to make the diagnosis of AE in cases of atypical forms, extra-hepatic localizations, or immunosuppressed patients. The aim of this study was to determine the most relevant published PCR techniques, for diagnosis of AE in patients and adopt the best strategy for molecular diagnosis depending on the nature of the tested sample. In this study, we evaluated nine end-point PCR assays and one real-time PCR assay (qPCR), targeting mitochondrial genes, using a total of 89 frozen or formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples from either 48 AE or 9 cystic echinococcosis patients. Targeted fragment-genes ranged from 84 to 529\u00a0bp. Six PCR assays were able to amplify the DNA of 100% of the frozen AE-samples and for one PCR, 69.8% of the FFPE AE-samples. The 16S rrnL PCR (84\u00a0bp) was positive in PCR for 77% of the AE samples and in qPCR for 86.5%. The sensitivity of the PCR assays was higher for fresh samples and FFPE samples stored for less than 5\u00a0years. The qPCR assay further increased sensitivity for the tested samples, confirming the need for the development of an <jats:italic>Echinococcus<\/jats:italic> spp. qPCR to improve the molecular diagnosis of echinococcoses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2022004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]],"date-time":"2022-02-03T09:50:27Z","timestamp":1643881827000},"page":"4","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Molecular diagnosis of alveolar echinococcosis in patients based on frozen and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples"],"prefix":"10.1051","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Jenny","family":"Knapp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9verine","family":"Lallemand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franck","family":"Monnien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Felix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9verine","family":"Valmary-Degano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Courquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florent","family":"Demonmerot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Heyd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celia","family":"Turco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Doussot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucie","family":"Bourgeois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Solange","family":"Bresson-Hadni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carine","family":"Richou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Millon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"250","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2002.66.23","volume":"66","author":"Bartholomot","year":"2002","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1089\/bio.2008.0604.lett","volume":"6","author":"Baust","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biopreservation and Biobanking"},{"key":"R3","first-page":"760","volume":"17","author":"Beldi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Forum M\u00e9dical Suisse"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(92)90109-W","volume":"54","author":"Bowles","year":"1992","journal-title":"Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7519(93)90065-7","volume":"23","author":"Bowles","year":"1993","journal-title":"International Journal for Parasitology"},{"key":"R6","unstructured":"Bresson-Hadni S, Bellanger A, Knapp J, Grenouillet F, Blagosklonov O, Millon L, Brumpt E, Turco C, Montange D, Richou C, Delabrousse E, Heyd B, Vuitton L, Vuitton DA. 2020. \u00c9chinococcose alv\u00e9olaire. 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