{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T07:26:02Z","timestamp":1790925962939,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"EDP Sciences","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,3]],"date-time":"2022-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651536000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":122,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasite"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>While population genetics of <jats:italic>Schistosoma haematobium<\/jats:italic> have been investigated in West Africa, only scant data are available from C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire. The purpose of this study was to analyze both genetic variability and genetic structure among <jats:italic>S. haematobium<\/jats:italic> populations and to quantify the frequency of <jats:italic>S. haematobium<\/jats:italic>\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0<jats:italic>S. bovis<\/jats:italic> hybrids in school-aged children in different parts of C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire. Urine samples were subjected to a filtration method and examined microscopically for <jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic> eggs in four sites in the western and southern parts of C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire. A total of 2692 miracidia were collected individually and stored on Whatman<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> FTA cards. Of these, 2561 miracidia were successfully genotyped for species and hybrid identification using rapid diagnostic multiplex mitochondrial <jats:italic>cox1<\/jats:italic> PCR and PCR Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis of the nuclear <jats:italic>ITS2<\/jats:italic> region. From 2164 miracidia, 1966 (90.9%) were successfully genotyped using at least 10 nuclear microsatellite loci to investigate genetic diversity and population structure. Significant differences were found between sites in all genetic diversity indices and genotypic differentiation was observed between the site in the West and the three sites in the East. Analysis at the infrapopulation level revealed clustering of parasite genotypes within individual children, particularly in Duekou\u00e9 (West) and Sikensi (East). Of the six possible <jats:italic>cox1<\/jats:italic>-<jats:italic>ITS2<\/jats:italic> genetic profiles obtained from miracidia, <jats:italic>S. bovis cox1<\/jats:italic>\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0<jats:italic>S. haematobium ITS2<\/jats:italic> (42.0%) was the most commonly observed in the populations. We identified only 15 miracidia (0.7%) with an <jats:italic>S. bovis cox1<\/jats:italic>\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0<jats:italic>S. bovis ITS2<\/jats:italic> genotype. 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