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PCR techniques, in particular real-time quantitative PCR, are best suited for the detection of DNA from the pathogens, even at low concentrations. Echinococcosis infections are due to helminths of the <jats:italic>Echinococcus<\/jats:italic> genus, with closely related species involved in parasitic lesions affecting animals and, accidentally, humans. We developed a multiplex qPCR (MLX qPCR) assay allowing for the detection of four <jats:italic>Echinococcus<\/jats:italic> species involved in Europe in alveolar echinococcosis (AE) and cystic echinococcosis (CE) (<jats:italic>Echinococcus multilocularis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>E. granulosus sensu stricto<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>E. ortleppi<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>E. canadensis<\/jats:italic>), based on short mitochondrial targets. A collection of 81 fresh and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues (FFPE) of AE and CE lesions was assembled. The qPCR assays were performed in triplex for <jats:italic>Echinococcus<\/jats:italic> spp. detection, associated with a qPCR inhibitor control. A duplex qPCR was also designed to enable diagnosis of two other dead-end helminthiases (cysticercosis (<jats:italic>Taenia solium<\/jats:italic>), and toxocariasis (<jats:italic>Toxocara cati<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>T. canis<\/jats:italic>)). The sensitivity of the qPCR was assessed and ranged from 1 to 5\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>\u00a0ng\/\u03bcL (seven PCR assays positive), corresponding to 37\u201342 cycles for quantifiable DNA. The specificity was 100% for all the targets. This multiplex qPCR, adapted to low amounts of DNA can be implemented in the laboratory for the rapid molecular diagnosis of <jats:italic>Echinococcosis<\/jats:italic> species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2023003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]],"date-time":"2023-01-26T09:02:15Z","timestamp":1674723735000},"page":"3","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Real-time multiplex PCR for human echinococcosis and differential diagnosis"],"prefix":"10.1051","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Jenny","family":"Knapp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9verine","family":"Lallemand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franck","family":"Monnien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Felix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Courquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00e9rald","family":"Umhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Millon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"250","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2013.08.008","volume":"44","author":"Alvarez Rojas","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal for Parasitology"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2018.04.004","volume":"222","author":"Baraquin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm7110443","volume":"7","author":"Basmaciyan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Medicine"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.5578\/mb.21005","volume":"50","author":"Can","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mikrobiyoloji Bulteni"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-022-05197-8","volume":"15","author":"Casulli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Parasites & Vectors"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu520","volume":"59","author":"Chauchet","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11040441","volume":"11","author":"Deibel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.16.2.265-272.2003","volume":"16","author":"Despommier","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-011-2272-0","volume":"109","author":"Dinkel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Parasitology Research"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e246","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1679","volume":"73","author":"Fan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"R11","unstructured":"FAO\/WHO. 2015. 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