{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T11:09:09Z","timestamp":1777460949202,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"EDP Sciences","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722988800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":219,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasite"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Amblyomma maculatum<\/jats:italic>, the Gulf Coast tick, infests a wide range of vertebrate species including livestock, dogs, cats, and humans. It is a species of significant veterinary and public health importance, especially as a vector of diseases, for instance American canine hepatozoonosis or tidewater spotted fever. An experimental study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of NexGard<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> Combo, a topical endectoparasiticide product for cats combining eprinomectin, praziquantel and esafoxolaner, against induced infestations of <jats:italic>A. maculatum<\/jats:italic> in cats. This Good Clinical Practice (GCP) study used a randomized, negative controlled, masked design. Ten cats were allocated to an untreated group and ten to a treated group, dosed once on Day 0 at the minimum label dose. On Days \u22122, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42, cats were infested with ~50 unfed adult <jats:italic>A. maculatum.<\/jats:italic> On Days 3, 10, 17, 24, 31, 38, and 45, i.e., 72\u00a0h after treatment and subsequent infestations, ticks were removed, counted and the numbers of live attached tick in each group were used for efficacy calculations. At each time-point, all untreated cats were adequately infested, demonstrating a vigorous tick population and an adequate study model. The curative efficacy after a single application against existing tick infestation, 72\u00a0h after treatment, was 98.7%. The preventive efficacy, 72\u00a0h after weekly infestations, over the following five weeks ranged from 93.8% to 99.4%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2024044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T11:58:49Z","timestamp":1723031929000},"page":"44","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Efficacy of a topical combination of esafoxolaner, eprinomectin and praziquantel against <i>Amblyomma maculatum<\/i> infestations in cats"],"prefix":"10.1051","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4798-3246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Tielemans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carin","family":"Rautenbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zamantungwa","family":"Khumalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frederic","family":"Beugnet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"250","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13279","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.13279","volume":"10","author":"Alkishe","year":"2022","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"issue":"5","key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.05.013","volume":"10","author":"Allerdice","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases"},{"issue":"4","key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjac053","volume":"59","author":"Bajwa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Entomology"},{"issue":"1","key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.04.015","volume":"181","author":"Baneth","year":"2011","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"issue":"6","key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2022.06.011","volume":"52","author":"Baneth","year":"2022","journal-title":"Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2021013","volume":"28","author":"Beugnet","year":"2021","journal-title":"Parasite"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-291","volume":"7","author":"Beugnet","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasites & Vectors"},{"issue":"1","key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.08.013","volume":"10","author":"Bidder","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases"},{"issue":"6","key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101550","volume":"11","author":"Cumbie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.09.038","volume":"183","author":"Edwards","year":"2011","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"issue":"4","key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.16.4.688-697.2003","volume":"16","author":"Ewing","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hecht JA, Allerdice MEJ, Karpathy SE, Yaglom HD, Casal M, Lash RR, Delgado-de la Mora J, Licona-Enriquez JD, Delgado-de la Mora D, Groschupf K, Mertins JW, Moors A, Swann DE, Paddock CD. 2020. 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