{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T22:12:50Z","timestamp":1787004770115,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"EDP Sciences","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":216,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010034","name":"Walailak University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WU67211"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WU67211"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010034","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasite"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Leucocytozoon<\/jats:italic>\n                    species are common in countries with warm climates but are an often neglected blood parasite in poultry. Although\n                    <jats:italic>Leucocytozoon macleani<\/jats:italic>\n                    is less virulent than\n                    <jats:italic>Leucocytozoon caulleryi<\/jats:italic>\n                    , it can still negatively impact production performance. In Thailand, the available reports indicate a high prevalence of\n                    <jats:italic>Leucocytozoon<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp.\n                    <jats:italic>,<\/jats:italic>\n                    but detailed morphological characteristics of the parasites remain insufficiently known. In this study, Giemsa-stained blood smears and extracted genomic (g) DNA were obtained from 60 domestic chickens (\n                    <jats:italic>Gallus gallus domesticus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). Blood smears were examined for the presence of\n                    <jats:italic>Leucocytozoon<\/jats:italic>\n                    species and their morphological characteristics were examined. A total of 60 gDNA samples were used for nested-PCR amplification of the cytochrome\n                    <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene of\n                    <jats:italic>Leucocytozoon<\/jats:italic>\n                    species, followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The microscopic and molecular examinations revealed prevalence of leucocytozoonosis in chickens of 85% and 90%, respectively. Sequence analysis indicated that several infected chickens harboured multiple\n                    <jats:italic>Leucocytozoon<\/jats:italic>\n                    lineages.\n                    <jats:italic>Leucocytozoon macleani<\/jats:italic>\n                    was morphologically identified in nine samples and could be linked to the lineages GALLUS17, GALLUS34, and the new lineages GALLUS63. The found gametocytes of\n                    <jats:italic>L. macleani<\/jats:italic>\n                    morphologically resembled those reported previously, but exhibited some distinct characteristics. Phylogenetically, the lineages of\n                    <jats:italic>L. macleani<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolated in this study grouped separately from some other\n                    <jats:italic>L. macleani<\/jats:italic>\n                    lineages deposited in GenBank. In conclusion, the prevalence of\n                    <jats:italic>Leucocytozoon<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection in chickens from Northeastern Thailand was high, with frequent co-infections by multiple lineages.\n                    <jats:italic>Leucocytozoon macleani<\/jats:italic>\n                    may exhibit cryptic specification. This study is the first report of\n                    <jats:italic>L. macleani<\/jats:italic>\n                    lineages described using MalAvi database nomenclature, alongside their morphological characteristics.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2025043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T07:49:17Z","timestamp":1754380157000},"page":"50","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Prevalence, morphological and molecular characterization of\n                    <i>Leucocytozoon macleani<\/i>\n                    (Apicomplexa: Haemosporida) from chickens in Thailand"],"prefix":"10.1051","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2639-6117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikom","family":"Srikacha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7884-9085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina Romeiro","family":"Fernandes Chagas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4527-9733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Surya","family":"Paudel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8404-3539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pornchai","family":"Pornpanom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"250","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anderson RC. 2000. 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