{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T23:06:51Z","timestamp":1793315211249,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"EDP Sciences","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":209,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013844","name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Mundo Sano","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013844","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasite"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Background: Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) and other enteric parasites remain endemic in rural communities of northwestern Argentina. Environmental surveillance may provide additional information on transmission dynamics and community exposure. Results: We analyzed 116 soil samples collected from 28 sites, including 27 households in Solazuti and one rural school in El Cedral (Or\u00e1n Department, Salta Province, Argentina), using multi-parallel real-time quantitative PCR targeting intestinal protozoa, STHs, zoonotic nematodes, and\n                    <jats:italic>Acanthamoeba<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. Parasites were detected in outdoor built environments, with 44% of Solazuti households showing at least one positive sample.\n                    <jats:italic>Ascaris lumbricoides<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Toxocara canis<\/jats:italic>\n                    were the most frequently detected helminths and showed distinct spatial patterns. Detection of\n                    <jats:italic>A. lumbricoides<\/jats:italic>\n                    was strongly associated with the presence of other parasites (OR 18.11, 95% CI 8.30\u201338.6;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001). Additionally,\n                    <jats:italic>A. lumbricoides<\/jats:italic>\n                    -positive households harbored significantly more parasite species than\n                    <jats:italic>A. lumbricoides<\/jats:italic>\n                    -negative households (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.0343), and\n                    <jats:italic>A. lumbricoides<\/jats:italic>\n                    frequency correlated with parasite richness (Spearman r\u00a0=\u00a00.4145,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.0316).\n                    <jats:italic>Acanthamoeba<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. was nearly ubiquitous (96.4% of sites), including the school environment, with a 75% contamination rate. Conclusions: Molecular analysis of soil samples revealed spatially heterogeneous but sustained exposure to multiple pathogens in rural outdoor environments. Soil-based qPCR may complement traditional surveillance by providing community-level data independent of human sampling.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2026039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T07:45:56Z","timestamp":1785483956000},"page":"41","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Molecular surveillance of intestinal parasites and\n                    <i>Acanthamoeba<\/i>\n                    species in soils from outdoor built environments in rural northwestern Argentina"],"prefix":"10.1051","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8956-5600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Cristina","family":"Almaz\u00e1n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones de Enfermedades Tropicales (IIET), Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSA), Or\u00e1n","place":["Argentina"]},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET)","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4288-5894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melisa Evangelina","family":"D\u00edaz-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones de Enfermedades Tropicales (IIET), Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSA), Or\u00e1n","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elvia Ester","family":"Nieves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones de Enfermedades Tropicales (IIET), Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSA), Or\u00e1n","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marisa","family":"Ju\u00e1rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones de Enfermedades Tropicales (IIET), Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSA), Or\u00e1n","place":["Argentina"]},{"name":"C\u00e1tedra de Qu\u00edmica Biol\u00f3gica, Facultad Regional Or\u00e1n, Universidad Nacional de Salta","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia Estela","family":"Mejia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics \u2013 Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine","place":["United States of America"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilio Rey","family":"Mejia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Turner College and Career High School","place":["United States of America"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro Javier","family":"Krolewiecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones de Enfermedades Tropicales (IIET), Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSA), Or\u00e1n","place":["Argentina"]},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET)","place":["Argentina"]},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Mundo Sano","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip J","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Medicina. Universidad Internacional del Ecuador","place":["Ecuador"]},{"name":"School of Health and Medical Sciences","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rub\u00e9n Oscar","family":"Cimino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones de Enfermedades Tropicales (IIET), Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSA), Or\u00e1n","place":["Argentina"]},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET)","place":["Argentina"]},{"name":"C\u00e1tedra de Qu\u00edmica Biol\u00f3gica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Salta","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4134-4558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rojelio","family":"Mejia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics \u2013 Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine","place":["United States of 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