{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T23:47:57Z","timestamp":1776901677739,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"EDP Sciences","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"https:\/\/www.edpsciences.org\/en\/authors\/copyright-and-licensing"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["A&amp;A"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Context.<\/jats:italic> The detection of a super-Earth and three mini-Neptunes transiting the bright (<jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic> = 9.2 mag) star HD 108236 (also known as TOI-1233) was recently reported on the basis of TESS and ground-based light curves.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:italic>Aims.<\/jats:italic> We perform a first characterisation of the HD 108236 planetary system through high-precision CHEOPS photometry and improve the transit ephemerides and system parameters.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic> We characterise the host star through spectroscopic analysis and derive the radius with the infrared flux method. We constrain the stellar mass and age by combining the results obtained from two sets of stellar evolutionary tracks. We analyse the available TESS light curves and one CHEOPS transit light curve for each known planet in the system.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:italic>Results.<\/jats:italic> We find that HD 108236 is a Sun-like star with <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>\u22c6<\/jats:sub> = 0.877 \u00b1 0.008 <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>\u2299<\/jats:sub>, <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>\u22c6<\/jats:sub> = 0.869<jats:sub>\u22120.048<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>+0.050<\/jats:sup> <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>\u2299<\/jats:sub>, and an age of 6.7<jats:sub>\u22125.1<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>+4.0<\/jats:sup> Gyr. We report the serendipitous detection of an additional planet, HD 108236 f, in one of the CHEOPS light curves. For this planet, the combined analysis of the TESS and CHEOPS light curves leads to a tentative orbital period of about 29.5 days. From the light curve analysis, we obtain radii of 1.615 \u00b1 0.051, 2.071 \u00b1 0.052, 2.539<jats:sub>\u22120.065<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>+0.062<\/jats:sup>, 3.083 \u00b1 0.052, and 2.017<jats:sub>\u22120.057<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>+0.052<\/jats:sup> <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>\u2295<\/jats:sub> for planets HD 108236 b to HD 108236 f, respectively. These values are in agreement with previous TESS-based estimates, but with an improved precision of about a factor of two. We perform a stability analysis of the system, concluding that the planetary orbits most likely have eccentricities smaller than 0.1. We also employ a planetary atmospheric evolution framework to constrain the masses of the five planets, concluding that HD 108236 b and HD 108236 c should have an Earth-like density, while the outer planets should host a low mean molecular weight envelope.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusions.<\/jats:italic> The detection of the fifth planet makes HD 108236 the third system brighter than <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic> = 10 mag to host more than four transiting planets. The longer time span enables us to significantly improve the orbital ephemerides such that the uncertainty on the transit times will be of the order of minutes for the years to come. A comparison of the results obtained from the TESS and CHEOPS light curves indicates that for a <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic> ~ 9 mag solar-like star and a transit signal of ~500 ppm, one CHEOPS transit light curve ensures the same level of photometric precision as eight TESS transits combined, although this conclusion depends on the length and position of the gaps in the light curve.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/202039608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]],"date-time":"2020-12-31T19:44:50Z","timestamp":1609443890000},"page":"A157","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["CHEOPS observations of the HD 108236 planetary system: a fifth planet, improved ephemerides, and planetary radii"],"prefix":"10.1051","volume":"646","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1916-5935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Bonfanti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"L.","family":"Delrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M. J.","family":"Hooton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"T. G.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"L.","family":"Fossati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Alibert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S.","family":"Hoyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A. J.","family":"Mustill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"H. P.","family":"Osborn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"V.","family":"Adibekyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"D.","family":"Gandolfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S.","family":"Salmon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S. G.","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Tuson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"V.","family":"Van Grootel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Cabrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"V.","family":"Nascimbeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P. F. L.","family":"Maxted","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S. C. C.","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"N.","family":"Billot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"X.","family":"Bonfils","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"L.","family":"Borsato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"C.","family":"Broeg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M. B.","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Deleuil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"O. D. S.","family":"Demangeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Fridlund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"G.","family":"Lacedelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Lendl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"C.","family":"Persson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"N. C.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"G.","family":"Scandariato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Gy. M.","family":"Szab\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Collier Cameron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S.","family":"Udry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"W.","family":"Benz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Beck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"D.","family":"Ehrenreich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Fortier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"K. G.","family":"Isaak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"D.","family":"Queloz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"R.","family":"Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Asquier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"T.","family":"Bandy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"T.","family":"B\u00e1rczy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"D.","family":"Barrado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"O.","family":"Barrag\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"W.","family":"Baumjohann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"T.","family":"Beck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Bekkelien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Bergomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Brandeker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.-D.","family":"Busch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"V.","family":"Cessa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S.","family":"Charnoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"B.","family":"Chazelas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"C.","family":"Corral Van Damme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"B.-O.","family":"Demory","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Erikson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Farinato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"D.","family":"Futyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Garcia Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Gillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Guedel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P.","family":"Guterman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Hasiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"K.","family":"Heng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"E.","family":"Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"L.","family":"Kiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"T.","family":"Kuntzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Laskar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Lecavelier des Etangs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"C.","family":"Lovis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"D.","family":"Magrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"L.","family":"Malvasio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"L.","family":"Marafatto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"H.","family":"Michaelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Munari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"G.","family":"Olofsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"H.","family":"Ottacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"R.","family":"Ottensamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"I.","family":"Pagano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"E.","family":"Pall\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"G.","family":"Peter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"D.","family":"Piazza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"G.","family":"Piotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"D.","family":"Pollacco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"R.","family":"Ragazzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"N.","family":"Rando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"F.","family":"Ratti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"H.","family":"Rauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"I.","family":"Ribas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Rieder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"R.","family":"Rohlfs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"F.","family":"Safa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Salatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"D.","family":"S\u00e9gransan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A. E.","family":"Simon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A. M. S.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Sordet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Steller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"N.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Tschentscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"V.","family":"Van Eylen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"V.","family":"Viotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"I.","family":"Walter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"N. A.","family":"Walton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"F.","family":"Wildi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"D.","family":"Wolter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"250","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.83.195","volume":"83","author":"Adelberger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rev. Mod. Phys."},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A32","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201219401","volume":"545","author":"Adibekyan","year":"2012","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A94","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201527120","volume":"583","author":"Adibekyan","year":"2015","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2966.2005.08922.x","volume":"359","author":"Agol","year":"2005","journal-title":"MNRAS"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A45","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201834592","volume":"624","author":"Alibert","year":"2019","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.astro.46.060407.145222","volume":"47","author":"Asplund","year":"2009","journal-title":"ARA&A"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1093\/mnras\/sty2472","volume":"482","author":"Barrag\u00e1n","year":"2019","journal-title":"MNRAS"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/s10686-020-09679-4","volume":"51","author":"Benz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Astron."},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1093\/mnras\/180.2.177","volume":"180","author":"Blackwell","year":"1977","journal-title":"MNRAS"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1088\/0004-637X\/715\/2\/1050","volume":"715","author":"Bond","year":"2010","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A18","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201424951","volume":"575","author":"Bonfanti","year":"2015","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A5","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201527297","volume":"585","author":"Bonfanti","year":"2016","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2966.2012.21948.x","volume":"427","author":"Bressan","year":"2012","journal-title":"MNRAS"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"03005","DOI":"10.1051\/epjconf\/20134703005","volume":"47","author":"Broeg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Euro. Phys. J. Conf."},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s11207-010-9541-4","volume":"268","author":"Caffau","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sol. Phys."},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1088\/0004-637X\/799\/2\/170","volume":"799","author":"Campante","year":"2015","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.3847\/1538-3881\/aba124","volume":"160","author":"Carleo","year":"2020","journal-title":"AJ"},{"key":"R18","first-page":"A20","volume":"210","author":"Castelli","year":"2003","journal-title":"IAU Symp."},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3847\/1538-4357\/834\/1\/17","volume":"834","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.3847\/0004-637X\/823\/2\/102","volume":"823","author":"Choi","year":"2016","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-2789(03)00103-9","volume":"182","author":"Cincotta","year":"2003","journal-title":"Phys. D Nonlinear Phenom."},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A75","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201116451","volume":"529","author":"Claret","year":"2011","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3847\/0067-0049\/224\/1\/12","volume":"224","author":"Coughlin","year":"2016","journal-title":"ApJS"},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L16","DOI":"10.3847\/2041-8213\/ab3d30","volume":"883","author":"Crossfield","year":"2019","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3847\/1538-3881\/153\/1\/3","volume":"153","author":"Cubillos","year":"2017","journal-title":"AJ"},{"key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1088\/0067-0049\/189\/1\/240","volume":"189","author":"Cyburt","year":"2010","journal-title":"ApJS"},{"key":"R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.3847\/1538-3881\/abd73e","volume":"161","author":"Daylan","year":"2021","journal-title":"AJ"},{"key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A71","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201220001","volume":"546","author":"Delisle","year":"2012","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A83","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201424915","volume":"577","author":"Dorn","year":"2015","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.3847\/0067-0049\/222\/1\/8","volume":"222","author":"Dotter","year":"2016","journal-title":"ApJS"},{"key":"R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L7","DOI":"10.3847\/2041-8213\/ab12ed","volume":"875","author":"Dragomir","year":"2019","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.3847\/1538-3881\/ab845d","volume":"159","author":"Dragomir","year":"2020","journal-title":"AJ"},{"key":"R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1093\/mnras\/stv744","volume":"450","author":"Espinoza","year":"2015","journal-title":"MNRAS"},{"key":"R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1088\/0004-637X\/790\/2\/146","volume":"790","author":"Fabrycky","year":"2014","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1086\/428642","volume":"623","author":"Ferguson","year":"2005","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2966.2007.12353.x","volume":"384","author":"Feroz","year":"2008","journal-title":"MNRAS"},{"key":"R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.21105\/astro.1306.2144","volume":"2","author":"Feroz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open J. Astrophys."},{"key":"R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1706","DOI":"10.1086\/427962","volume":"129","author":"Ford","year":"2005","journal-title":"AJ"},{"key":"R39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1086\/670067","volume":"125","author":"Foreman-Mackey","year":"2013","journal-title":"PASP"},{"key":"R40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.3847\/1538-3881\/aa9332","volume":"154","author":"Foreman-Mackey","year":"2017","journal-title":"AJ"},{"key":"R41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.3847\/1538-3881\/aa80eb","volume":"154","author":"Fulton","year":"2017","journal-title":"AJ"},{"key":"R42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A1","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201833051","volume":"616","author":"Brown","year":"2018","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L24","DOI":"10.3847\/2041-8213\/ab17d9","volume":"876","author":"Gandolfi","year":"2019","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.3847\/1538-3881\/ab8e3c","volume":"159","author":"Gilbert","year":"2020","journal-title":"AJ"},{"key":"R45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.3847\/1538-3881\/aba4b2","volume":"160","author":"Gilbert","year":"2020","journal-title":"AJ"},{"key":"R46","unstructured":"G\u00fcnther M. N., & \nDaylan T. \n2020, \nAAS J., submitted [arXiv:2003.14371]"},{"key":"R47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.3847\/1538-3881\/abba18","volume":"160","author":"He","year":"2020","journal-title":"AJ"},{"key":"R48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1107822","volume":"307","author":"Holman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A24","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201936325","volume":"635","author":"Hoyer","year":"2020","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1086\/177381","volume":"464","author":"Iglesias","year":"1996","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1750","DOI":"10.1093\/mnras\/stx1232","volume":"470","author":"Izidoro","year":"2017","journal-title":"MNRAS"},{"key":"R52","unstructured":"Jenkins J. M., \nTwicken J. D., \nMcCauliff S., et al. \n2016, \nSPIE Conf. Ser., 9913, 99133E"},{"key":"R53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.3847\/1538-4357\/aa9f1e","volume":"853","author":"Jin","year":"2018","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L12","DOI":"10.1088\/2041-8205\/815\/1\/L12","volume":"815","author":"Johnstone","year":"2015","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A28","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201425301","volume":"577","author":"Johnstone","year":"2015","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1995.10476572","volume":"90","author":"Kass","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Am. Stat. Assoc."},{"key":"R57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2152","DOI":"10.1093\/mnras\/stt1435","volume":"435","author":"Kipping","year":"2013","journal-title":"MNRAS"},{"key":"R58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1088\/0067-0049\/192\/2\/18","volume":"192","author":"Komatsu","year":"2011","journal-title":"ApJS"},{"key":"R59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.3847\/1538-3881\/ab2459","volume":"158","author":"Kostov","year":"2019","journal-title":"AJ"},{"key":"R60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A151","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201833737","volume":"619","author":"Kubyshkina","year":"2018","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ab1e42","volume":"879","author":"Kubyshkina","year":"2019","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A65","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201936581","volume":"632","author":"Kubyshkina","year":"2019","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R63","unstructured":"Kurucz R. L. \n1993, \nSYNTHE Spectrum Synthesis Programs and Line Data, kurucz CD-ROM \n(Cambridge, MA: Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory)"},{"key":"R64","unstructured":"Kurucz R. L. \n2013, \nATLAS12: Opacity sampling model atmosphere program"},{"key":"R65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A94","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/202038677","volume":"643","author":"Lendl","year":"2020","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1088\/0067-0049\/197\/1\/8","volume":"197","author":"Lissauer","year":"2011","journal-title":"ApJS"},{"key":"R67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1086\/591785","volume":"687","author":"Mamajek","year":"2008","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.3847\/1538-3881\/abae64","volume":"160","author":"Mann","year":"2020","journal-title":"AJ"},{"key":"R69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/200912598","volume":"508","author":"Marigo","year":"2009","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.3847\/1538-4357\/835\/1\/77","volume":"835","author":"Marigo","year":"2017","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A111","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201628579","volume":"591","author":"Maxted","year":"2016","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A39","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201832944","volume":"616","author":"Maxted","year":"2018","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.3847\/1538-3881\/aaadff","volume":"155","author":"Mayo","year":"2018","journal-title":"AJ"},{"key":"R74","first-page":"20","volume":"114","author":"Mayor","year":"2003","journal-title":"The Messenger"},{"key":"R75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ab1095","volume":"876","author":"McDonald","year":"2019","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1086\/324279","volume":"564","author":"Miralda-Escud\u00e9","year":"2002","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3000","DOI":"10.1093\/mnras\/stx693","volume":"468","author":"Mustill","year":"2017","journal-title":"MNRAS"},{"key":"R78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5287","DOI":"10.1093\/mnras\/stz3435","volume":"491","author":"Owen","year":"2020","journal-title":"MNRAS"},{"key":"R79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.3847\/1538-4357\/aa890a","volume":"847","author":"Owen","year":"2017","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s11214-020-00756-w","volume":"216","author":"Owen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Space Sci. Rev."},{"key":"R81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.3847\/1538-4365\/aaa5a8","volume":"234","author":"Paxton","year":"2018","journal-title":"ApJS"},{"key":"R82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A96","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/202038306","volume":"645","author":"Pepe","year":"2021","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A16","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201629124","volume":"597","author":"Piskunov","year":"2017","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361:20021560","volume":"397","author":"Pizzolato","year":"2003","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1088\/0004-637X\/807\/1\/44","volume":"807","author":"Pu","year":"2015","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.3847\/1538-3881\/ab3f2b","volume":"158","author":"Quinn","year":"2019","journal-title":"AJ"},{"key":"R87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rasmussen C. E., & \nWilliams C. K. I. \n2005, \nGaussian Processes for Machine Learning (Adaptive Computation and Machine Learning) \n(Cambridge: The MIT Press)","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/3206.001.0001"},{"key":"R88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A128","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201118085","volume":"537","author":"Rein","year":"2012","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1093\/mnras\/stv1257","volume":"452","author":"Rein","year":"2015","journal-title":"MNRAS"},{"key":"R90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2275","DOI":"10.1093\/mnras\/stw644","volume":"459","author":"Rein","year":"2016","journal-title":"MNRAS"},{"key":"R91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"014003","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JATIS.1.1.014003","volume":"1","author":"Ricker","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Astron. Teles. Instrum., Syst."},{"key":"R92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3162","DOI":"10.1093\/mnras\/stz2350","volume":"489","author":"Sandford","year":"2019","journal-title":"MNRAS"},{"key":"R93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L13","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201526850","volume":"580","author":"Santos","year":"2015","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A6","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201116594","volume":"532","author":"Sanz-Forcada","year":"2011","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/s10509-007-9650-1","volume":"316","author":"Scuflaire","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ap&SS"},{"key":"R96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-3933.2005.00019.x","volume":"362","author":"Seaton","year":"2005","journal-title":"MNRAS"},{"key":"R97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1086\/498708","volume":"131","author":"Skrutskie","year":"2006","journal-title":"AJ"},{"key":"R98","unstructured":"Sneden C. A. \n1973, \nPhD thesis, \nThe University of Texas at Austin, USA"},{"key":"R99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sousa S. G. \n2014, \nARES + MOOG: A Practical Overview of an Equivalent Width (EW) Method to Derive Stellar Parameters \n(Cham: pringer), 297","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-06956-2_26"},{"key":"R100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361:20077288","volume":"469","author":"Sousa","year":"2007","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361:200809698","volume":"487","author":"Sousa","year":"2008","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A67","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201425463","volume":"577","author":"Sousa","year":"2015","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3132","DOI":"10.1093\/mnras\/staa278","volume":"493","author":"Speagle","year":"2020","journal-title":"MNRAS"},{"key":"R104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1088\/0004-637X\/721\/2\/1308","volume":"721","author":"Spiegel","year":"2010","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.3847\/1538-4357\/aacafc","volume":"862","author":"Stassun","year":"2018","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A87","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201423638","volume":"576","author":"St\u00f6kl","year":"2015","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A30","DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201525963","volume":"580","author":"Thiabaud","year":"2015","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/s00159-009-0025-1","volume":"18","author":"Torres","year":"2010","journal-title":"A&A Rev."},{"key":"R109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.3847\/0004-637X\/819\/1\/32","volume":"819","author":"Unterborn","year":"2016","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1088\/0004-637X\/808\/2\/126","volume":"808","author":"Van Eylen","year":"2015","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.3847\/1538-3881\/aaf22f","volume":"157","author":"Van Eylen","year":"2019","journal-title":"AJ"},{"key":"R112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L10","DOI":"10.3847\/2041-8205\/827\/1\/L10","volume":"827","author":"Vanderburg","year":"2016","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L19","DOI":"10.3847\/2041-8213\/ab322d","volume":"881","author":"Vanderburg","year":"2019","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"key":"R114","first-page":"117","volume":"133","author":"Vilhu","year":"1984","journal-title":"A&A"},{"key":"R115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.3847\/1538-3881\/aa9ff6","volume":"155","author":"Weiss","year":"2018","journal-title":"AJ"},{"key":"R116","unstructured":"Winn J. N. \n2010, \nExoplanet Transits and Occultations \n(Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press), 55"},{"key":"R117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-astro-082214-122246","volume":"53","author":"Winn","year":"2015","journal-title":"ARA&A"},{"key":"R118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1868","DOI":"10.1088\/0004-6256\/140\/6\/1868","volume":"140","author":"Wright","year":"2010","journal-title":"AJ"},{"key":"R119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1088\/0004-637X\/743\/1\/48","volume":"743","author":"Wright","year":"2011","journal-title":"ApJ"}],"container-title":["Astronomy &amp; Astrophysics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.aanda.org\/10.1051\/0004-6361\/202039608\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T09:26:17Z","timestamp":1613726777000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.aanda.org\/10.1051\/0004-6361\/202039608"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"references-count":119,"alternative-id":["aa39608-20"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051\/0004-6361\/202039608","relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-6361","1432-0746"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-6361","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0746","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}}}