{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T22:14:48Z","timestamp":1783116888268,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"EDP Sciences","issue":"3-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]],"date-time":"2022-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":398,"URL":"https:\/\/www.edpsciences.org\/en\/authors\/copyright-and-licensing"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mat\u00e9riaux &amp; Techniques"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The use of hydrogen as fuel in the reheating furnaces, to replace (partially or totally) natural gas, causes a modification in the composition of the furnace atmosphere, with low or null concentration of CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and an increased concentration of H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O. The new atmosphere may change the scale growth kinetic and may affect the surface properties, in terms of scale removal and formation of decarburized layer. These effects can be studied at laboratory scale simulating the atmosphere generated by H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> combustion considering the working conditions of the burner and the excess oxygen. Hence, the comprehension and quantification of this effect is a fundamental pre-requisite for the use of hydrogen as fuel in reheating and treatment furnaces. For this reason, TenarisDalmine and Rina CSM carried out an experimental activity to simulate reheating and heat treatment process selecting two steels grades: one for line pipe production and one for casing production, two steels in which the more remarkable differences for scale growth and adherence are in the C and Ni content [1,2]. The experimental scenario was defined to verify the effects of the combustion atmosphere simulating the heating of a 20\u2009mm thick pipe at 920\u2009\u00b0C and the reheating process at 1230\u2009\u00b0C for 180\u2009min. The trials included two possible combustion atmospheres having different H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O concentration and corresponding to 100% natural gas and 100% H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. The steel oxidation and scale formation were studied by TGA (Thermo Gravimetric Analysis) tests. Results showed some increase in scale growth up to 10% during heating at 920\u2009\u00b0C and up to 16% in case of re-heating at 1230\u2009\u00b0C. The differences between line pipe and casing steel grades were minimal with a slight tendency to higher oxidation for line pipe steel. No decarburization was observed in steel sample heated at 920\u2009\u00b0C oxidized in both atmospheres (with 100% natural gas or 100% H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> combustion). Metallographic analysis on TGA samples confirms, for the test with atmosphere form 100%H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, at 1230\u2009\u00b0C, the increased thickness of the scale; in these tests, the interface between scale and steel appears more complex and entangled.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1051\/mattech\/2021024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]],"date-time":"2022-02-03T09:49:04Z","timestamp":1643881744000},"page":"302","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Effects of H<sub>2<\/sub> combustion on scale growth and steel surface quality in reheating furnaces"],"prefix":"10.1051","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Filippo","family":"Cirilli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Jochler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Mosconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Praolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"250","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","unstructured":"Battaglia V., \nCabella C., \nDi Donato A., et al., \nControl of steel oxidation in reheating operations carried out with alternative fuels and new combustion technologies (CONSTOX), \n2015"},{"key":"R2","unstructured":"Sartor M., \nWunde M., \nLemke A., et al., \nHigh performance hot rolling process through steel grade-dependent influencing of the scale formation and flexible descaling control (Hiperscale), Grant agreement RFSR-CT-2014-00010, \n2019"},{"key":"R3","unstructured":"Luzzo I., \nCirilli F., \nJochler G., \nFeasibility study for the utilization of natural gas and hydrogen blends on industrial furnaces, \nMat\u00e9riaux & Techniques \n(preprints under peer review)"},{"key":"R4","unstructured":"Studio della Decarburazione e Scagliatura nei Forni di Riscaldo per Laminazione a Caldo, Rapporto Eur 7816 It, Centro Sperimentale Metallurgico S.P.A. Roma, Gkn Group Technological Centre Cardiff, Carlo Borgianni, 1980"},{"key":"R5","unstructured":"Birks N., \nMeier G.H., \nIntroduction to high temperature oxidation of metals, \nEdward Arnold, \nLondon, \n1983"},{"key":"R6","unstructured":"Mikler N., \nLanteri V., \nLeblanc V., \nGeffraye F., \nPrimary and secondary descaling on low carbon steels, in: 3rd International Conference on Hydraulic Descaling, 14\u201315 September 2000, \nLondon, \n2000"},{"key":"R7","unstructured":"Picqu\u00e9 B., \nExperimental study and numerical simulation of iron oxide scales mechanical behavior in hot rolling, \n\u00c9cole des Mines de Paris, \nParis, \n2004, https:\/\/tel.archives-ouvertes.fr\/pastel-00001360\/"}],"container-title":["Mat\u00e9riaux &amp; Techniques"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mattech-journal.org\/10.1051\/mattech\/2021024\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,15]],"date-time":"2022-02-15T19:52:37Z","timestamp":1644954757000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mattech-journal.org\/10.1051\/mattech\/2021024"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3-4"},"alternative-id":["mt210054"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051\/mattech\/2021024","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-6895","1778-3771"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0032-6895","type":"print"},{"value":"1778-3771","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}}}