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The experimental models used to explore mechanisms of central sensitization include the study of wind\u2010up in animals and temporal summation of pain in humans. Wind\u2010up was described more than 30 years ago as progressively increasing activity in dorsal horn cells following repetitive activation of primary afferent C\u2010fibres. In humans, temporal summation of repeated painful stimuli has been regarded as a psychophysical correlate of wind\u2010up. This review focuses on the relationship between wind\u2010up, temporal summation and central sensitization. In particular, the role of NMDA receptor mechanisms in the modulation of wind\u2010up\/temporal summation is discussed. The data presented here indicate that the study of wind\u2010up and temporal summation has given information about some of the complex mechanisms underlying central sensitization. Both wind\u2010up and temporal summation appear to be dependent on NMDA receptor activation. The results of clinical trials in patients with chronic pain suggest that the NMDA receptor may represent a new target for modulation of abnormal temporal summation of pain, as well as other characteristics of chronic pain. <jats:italic>Copyright 2000 European Federation of Chapters of the International Association for the Study of Pain<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1053\/eujp.1999.0154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T11:23:34Z","timestamp":1027682614000},"page":"5-15","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":267,"title":["Wind\u2010up and the NMDA receptor complex from a clinical perspective"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Per K.","family":"Eide","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(96)02995-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539-199507000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(199710)20:10<1311::AID-MUS15>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/361031a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)90780-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(93)90161-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(87)91487-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-60777-6_8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3908(87)90275-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"439","volume-title":"Touch, Temperature, and Pain in Health and Disease: Mechanisms and Assessments. 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