{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T08:21:58Z","timestamp":1770970918313,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,1]],"date-time":"2001-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":978307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,25]],"date-time":"2002-08-25T03:46:10Z","timestamp":1030247170000},"page":"20-25","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Percutaneous intramuscular neuromuscular electric stimulation for the treatment of shoulder subluxation and pain in patients with chronic hemiplegia: A pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"David T.","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Chae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria E.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zi-Ping","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib1","first-page":"21","article-title":"The incidence of painful shoulder in hemiplegia","volume":"8","author":"Pesczynski","year":"1965","journal-title":"Bull Pol Med Hist Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib2","first-page":"131","article-title":"Rotator cuff injury in shoulder joints of hemiplegic patients","volume":"3","author":"Najenson","year":"1971","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib3","first-page":"23","article-title":"Painful shoulder in hemiplegia","volume":"67","author":"VanOuwenaller","year":"1986","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib4","first-page":"254","article-title":"Arthrographic studies in painful hemiplegic shoulders","volume":"65","author":"Rizk","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib5","first-page":"1036","article-title":"Subscapular nerve block in the painful hemiplegic shoulder","volume":"73","author":"Hecht","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1097\/00002060-199809000-00012","article-title":"Evaluation and treatment of shoulder subluxation in hemiplegia: relationship between subluxation and pain","volume":"77","author":"Ikai","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib7","first-page":"514","article-title":"Shoulder pain in hemiplegia: statistical relationship with five variables","volume":"67","author":"Bohannon","year":"1986","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib8","first-page":"353","article-title":"Shoulder-hand syndrome in a hemiplegic population: a 5-year retrospective study","volume":"58","author":"Davis","year":"1977","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib9","first-page":"442","article-title":"Reflex sympathetic dystrophy in hemiplegia","volume":"65","author":"Tepperman","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib10","first-page":"17","article-title":"Electrophysiological investigation on shoulder subluxation in hemiplegics","volume":"13","author":"Chino","year":"1981","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib11","first-page":"124","article-title":"Temporal changes in electrophysiological, clinical and radiological parameters in the hemiplegic's shoulder","volume":"12","author":"Ring","year":"1985","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med Suppl"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib12","first-page":"139","article-title":"Subluxation of the glenohumeral joint in hemiplegia","volume":"50","author":"Chaco","year":"1971","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.2340\/165019778416133136","article-title":"Glenohumeral malalignment in the hemiplegic shoulder","volume":"16","author":"Shai","year":"1984","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib14","first-page":"151","article-title":"Subluxation of the glenohumeral joint in hemiplegia: evaluation of supportive devices","volume":"38","author":"Moodie","year":"1986","journal-title":"Physiother Can"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib15","first-page":"582","article-title":"Shoulder subluxation in hemiplegia: effects of three different supports","volume":"72","author":"Brooke","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(95)80532-X","article-title":"Shoulder subluxation after stroke: a comparison of four supports","volume":"76","author":"Zorowitz","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/66.12.1930","article-title":"Neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the muscles surrounding the shoulder","volume":"66","author":"Baker","year":"1986","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9993(94)90341-7","article-title":"The effects of functional electrical stimulation on shoulder subluxation, arm function recovery, and shoulder pain in hemiplegic stroke patients","volume":"75","author":"Faghri","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(99)90146-6","article-title":"Shoulder pain and dysfunction in hemiplegia: effects of functional electrical stimulation","volume":"80","author":"Chantraine","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/S1050-6411(99)00008-5","article-title":"Reduction in subluxation and improved muscle function of the hemiplegic shoulder joint after therapeutic electrical stimulation","volume":"9","author":"Kobayashi","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Electromyogr Kinesiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198808000-00010","article-title":"Effects of waveform on comfort during neuromuscular electrical stimulation","volume":"233","author":"Baker","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib22","first-page":"1151","article-title":"Pain associated with percutaneous versus surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation for treating shoulder dysfunction in hemiplegia [abstract]","volume":"79","author":"Yu","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib23","first-page":"129","article-title":"Pain assessment: global use of the brief pain inventory","volume":"23","author":"Cleeland","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.2340\/1650197771331","article-title":"The post-stroke hemiplegic patient: a method for evaluation of physical performance","volume":"7","author":"Fugl-Meyer","year":"1975","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/63.10.1606","article-title":"Reliability of the Fugl-Meyer assessment of sensorimotor recovery following cerebrovascular accident","volume":"63","author":"Duncan","year":"1983","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977198618155157","article-title":"Upper extremity function in hemiplegia: a cross-validation study of two assessment methods","volume":"18","author":"Berglund","year":"1986","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib27","first-page":"1146","article-title":"Measurement of stroke rehabilitation outcome in the 1980's","volume":"21","author":"Granger","year":"1990","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9993(93)90119-U","article-title":"A validation of the functional independence measurement and its performance among rehabilitation inpatients","volume":"74","author":"Dodds","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9993(94)90384-0","article-title":"The structure and stability of the functional independence measure","volume":"75","author":"Linacre","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9993(93)90153-2","article-title":"Relationship between impairment and physical disability as measured by the functional independence measure","volume":"74","author":"Heinemann","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.50.3.194","article-title":"Shoulder pain and subluxation after stroke: correlation or coincidence","volume":"50","author":"Zorowitz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Occup Ther"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.2490\/jjrm1963.29.569","article-title":"Interval change of the shoulder subluxation in hemiplegic patients","volume":"29","author":"Ikai","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.3109\/09638289609166035","article-title":"Hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP): natural history and investigation of associated features","volume":"18","author":"Wanklyn","year":"1996","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195941070-00002","article-title":"Factors preventing downward dislocation of the adducted shoulder joint","volume":"41","author":"Basmajian","year":"1959","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib35","first-page":"1151","article-title":"Muscular factors preventing inferior subluxation of the shoulder in hemiplegia [abstract]","volume":"79","author":"Yu","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib36","first-page":"181","article-title":"Instability of the shoulder","author":"Skyhar","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib37","first-page":"188","article-title":"A radiological measure of shoulder subluxation in hemiplegia: its reliability and validity","volume":"74","author":"Boyd","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib38","first-page":"782","article-title":"Shoulder subluxation in hemiplegia: a radiologic correlational study","volume":"68","author":"Prevost","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib39","first-page":"1189","article-title":"Percutaneous neuromuscular electrical stimulation for treating shoulder subluxation [abstract]","volume":"79","author":"Yu","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.30.5.963","article-title":"Prevention of shoulder subluxation after stroke with electrical stimulation","volume":"30","author":"Linn","year":"1999","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Memberg WD, Peckham PH, Thrope GB, Keith MW, Kicher TP. An analysis of the reliability of percutaneous intramuscular electrodes in upper extremity FNS applications. IEEE Trans Rehabil Eng 1093;1:126-32.","DOI":"10.1109\/86.242426"}],"container-title":["Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003999301126274?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003999301126274?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]],"date-time":"2024-01-03T22:07:45Z","timestamp":1704319665000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0003999301126274"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0003999301126274"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/apmr.2001.18666","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-9993"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-9993","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]}}}