{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T06:53:02Z","timestamp":1792479182195,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,3,1]],"date-time":"2002-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1014940800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,3]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,24]],"date-time":"2002-08-24T23:46:10Z","timestamp":1030232770000},"page":"295-301","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":255,"title":["Piriformis syndrome: Diagnosis, treatment, and outcome\u2014a 10-year study"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Loren M.","family":"Fishman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George W.","family":"Dombi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Michaelsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Ringel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Rozbruch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Rosner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheryl","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM193408022110506","article-title":"Ruptures of the intervertebral disc with involvement of the spinal canal","volume":"211","author":"Mixter","year":"1934","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-197903000-00003","article-title":"A more precise diagnosis for low back pain","volume":"4","author":"Kirkaldy-Willis","year":"1979","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib3","first-page":"270","article-title":"Entrapment neuropathies","author":"Dawson","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.1983.11698378","article-title":"Sciatic pain and the piriformis muscle","volume":"74","author":"Hallin","year":"1983","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib5","first-page":"435","article-title":"Piriformis syndrome","volume":"124","author":"Pace","year":"1976","journal-title":"West J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib6","first-page":"789","article-title":"Peroneal nerve entrapment syndrome","volume":"66","author":"Sridhara","year":"1985","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199407143310201","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine in people without back pain","volume":"331","author":"Jensen","year":"1994","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(47)90345-0","article-title":"Piriformis muscle in relation to sciatic pain","volume":"73","author":"Robinson","year":"1947","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1937.01190080138007","article-title":"Sciatic pain and its relief by operations on muscle and nerve","volume":"34","author":"Freiberg","year":"1937","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib10","series-title":"Acute low back problems in adults. Clinical Practice Guidelines No. 14","author":"Agency for Health Care Policy and Research","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib11","first-page":"819","article-title":"The piriformis syndrome","volume":"25","author":"Parziale","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Orthop"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib12","first-page":"717","article-title":"Tension myalgia of the pelvic floor","volume":"52","author":"Sinaki","year":"1977","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib13","first-page":"178","article-title":"Piriformis syndrome. A contribution to the differential diagnosis of lumbago and coccygodynia","volume":"49","author":"Reichel","year":"1988","journal-title":"Zentralbl Neurochir"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(87)90177-1","article-title":"Short latency somatosensory evoked potentials in patients with painful dysaesthesias in peripheral nerve lesions","volume":"29","author":"Synek","year":"1987","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1515\/jom-1987-870422","article-title":"Piriformis syndrome: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment","volume":"87","author":"Steiner","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Am Osteopath Assoc"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678108991762","article-title":"The piriformis muscle syndrome","volume":"52","author":"Solheim","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Orthop Scand"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib17","first-page":"170","article-title":"Somatosensory evoked potentials following pudendal nerve stimulation as indicators of low sacral root involvement in postlaminectomy patient","volume":"68","author":"Nainzadeh","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib18","first-page":"31","article-title":"The piriformis syndrome; review and case presentation","volume":"23","author":"Synek","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Exp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib19","first-page":"670","article-title":"Electrophysiological evidence of piriformis syndrome","volume":"68","author":"Fishman","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib20","first-page":"300","article-title":"Electrophysiological evidence of piriformis syndrome II","volume":"69","author":"Fishman","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9993(92)90010-T","article-title":"Electrophysiological evidence of piriformis syndrome","volume":"73","author":"Fishman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib22","first-page":"435","article-title":"Piriformis syndrome","volume":"124","author":"Pace","year":"1976","journal-title":"West J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib23","first-page":"686","article-title":"Sciatic nerve and the piriformis muscle; their interrelation a possible cause of coccygodynia","volume":"20","author":"Beaton","year":"1938","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib24","first-page":"1","article-title":"Sciatica and the sacro-iliac joint","volume":"16","author":"Freiberg","year":"1938","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)84887-4","article-title":"Relation of arthritis of sacro-iliac joint to sciatica","author":"Yeoman","year":"1928","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1159\/000145121","article-title":"Contribution to the etiological explanation of the piriformis syndrome","volume":"105","author":"Pecina","year":"1979","journal-title":"Acta Anat"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib27","first-page":"11","article-title":"Clinical correlation of an anatomical investigation into piriformis syndrome","volume":"24","author":"Gotlin","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proc N Y Soc Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1976.01360240099019","article-title":"Division of the piriformis muscle for the treatment of sciatica","volume":"111","author":"Mizuguchi","year":"1976","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib29","first-page":"227","article-title":"Methodology of the Hoffmann reflex in man","volume":"Vol 3","author":"Hugon","year":"1973"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib30","first-page":"161","article-title":"Standardization of H reflex and diagnostic use in S1 radiculopathy","volume":"55","author":"Braddom","year":"1974","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib31","first-page":"490","article-title":"Effect of cooling on H- and T-reflexes in normal subjects","volume":"68","author":"Bell","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib32","first-page":"605","article-title":"Physical activity; its influence on nerve conduction velocity","volume":"66","author":"Halar","year":"1985","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08572.x","article-title":"Regulation of myelin-specific gene expression: relevance to CMT1","volume":"883","author":"Kamholz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"}],"container-title":["Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003999302090093?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003999302090093?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,22]],"date-time":"2023-04-22T01:02:08Z","timestamp":1682125328000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0003999302090093"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,3]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0003999302090093"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-9993"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-9993","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,3]]}}}