{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T18:46:56Z","timestamp":1772563616865,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,6,1]],"date-time":"2000-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":959817600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,6]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,19]],"date-time":"2002-09-19T13:54:50Z","timestamp":1032443690000},"page":"391-410","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Current status of endoscopic therapy for ulcer bleeding"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Rollhauser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.E.","family":"Fleischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7168.1309","article-title":"Confidence intervals for the number needed to treat","volume":"317","author":"Altman","year":"1998","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-126-9-199705010-00007","article-title":"Using numerical results from systematic reviews in clinical practice","volume":"126","author":"McQuay","year":"1997","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF3","first-page":"165","article-title":"Applying the results of trials and systematic reviews to individual patients","volume":"3","author":"Glasziou","year":"1998","journal-title":"Evidence-based Medicine"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.318.7197.1548","article-title":"Numbers needed to treat derived from meta-analysis\u2014sometimes informative, usually misleading","volume":"318","author":"Smeeth","year":"1999","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(86)91113-3","article-title":"Nature of the bleeding vessel in recurrently bleeding gastric ulcers","volume":"90","author":"Swain","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF6","first-page":"S21","article-title":"Pathophysiology of bleeding lesions","volume":"36","author":"Swain","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF7","first-page":"A202","article-title":"The size of the vessel in patients dying from bleeding gastric ulcers","volume":"104","author":"Lai","year":"1993","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(89)80014-9","article-title":"Controlled study of different sclerosing agents for coagulation of canine gut arteries","volume":"96","author":"Randall","year":"1989","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(93)91002-Y","article-title":"Design of a microwave system for endoscopy: an experimental study of energy, tissue contact, and hemostatic efficacy","volume":"104","author":"Kalabakas","year":"1993","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(89)90639-2","article-title":"Microwave energy compared with heater probe and BICAP in canine models of peptic ulcer haemorrhage","volume":"97","author":"Michaletz","year":"1989","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(87)91065-1","article-title":"Experimental comparison of endoscopic yttrium\u2013aluminium\u2013garnet laser, electrosurgery, and heater probe for canine gut arterial coagulation. Importance of compression and avoidance of erosion","volume":"92","author":"Johnston","year":"1987","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(82)80254-0","article-title":"Comparison of endoscopic electrocoagulation and laser photocoagulation of bleeding canine gastric ulcers","volume":"82","author":"Johnston","year":"1982","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01324900","article-title":"Evaluation of electrofulguration in control of bleeding of experimental gastric ulcers","volume":"24","author":"Dennis","year":"1979","journal-title":"Digestive Diseases and Sciences"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(81)80109-6","article-title":"Treatment of bleeding canine duodenal and esophageal ulcers with argon laser and bipolar electrocoagulation","volume":"81","author":"Machicado","year":"1981","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(98)70042-2","article-title":"Randomized controlled studies of injection gold probes compared with monotherapies for hemostasis of bleeding canine gastric ulcers","volume":"48","author":"Jutabha","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.42.4.462","article-title":"A randomised controlled comparison of injection, thermal, and mechanical endoscopic methods of haemostasis on mesenteric vessels","volume":"42","author":"Hepworth","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1990.03450040090037","article-title":"Endoscopic hemostasis. An effective therapy for bleeding peptic ulcers","volume":"264","author":"Sacks","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(92)91793-4","article-title":"Endoscopic therapy for acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a meta-analysis","volume":"102","author":"Cook","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.296.6637.1631","article-title":"Endoscopic injection of adrenaline for actively bleeding ulcers: a randomised trial","volume":"296","author":"Chung","year":"1988","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF20","first-page":"A86","article-title":"Controlled trial of absolute ethanol vs. epinephrine as injection agent in gastroduodenal bleeding","volume":"96","author":"Chiozzini","year":"1989","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(95)70068-4","article-title":"Prevention of recurrent bleeding from gastric ulcer with a nonbleeding visible vessel by endoscopic injection of absolute ethanol: a prospective, controlled trial","volume":"42","author":"Koyama","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF22","first-page":"843","article-title":"Effect of injection sclerosis with alcohol on the rebleeding rate of gastroduodenal peptic ulcers with non-bleeding visible vessels: a prospective controlled trial","volume":"87","author":"Lazo","year":"1992","journal-title":"American Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1012899","article-title":"The effect of endoscopic haemostasis with alcohol on the mortality rate of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage","volume":"21","author":"Pascu","year":"1989","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)91191-3","article-title":"Controlled trial of endoscopic sclerosis in bleeding peptic ulcers","volume":"2","author":"Panes","year":"1987","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1013023","article-title":"Endoscopic hemostasis by local injection of epinephrine and polidocanol in bleeding ulcers","volume":"20","author":"Balanzo","year":"1988","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)92751-7","article-title":"Comparison of endoscopic polidocanol injection and YAG laser therapy for bleeding peptic ulcers","volume":"1","author":"Rutgeerts","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)91537-I","article-title":"Controlled trial of endoscopic injection treatment for bleeding peptic ulcers with visible vessels","volume":"339","author":"Oxner","year":"1992","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.34.3.348","article-title":"Endoscopic injection therapy to prevent rebleeding from peptic ulcers with a protruding vessel: a controlled comparative trial","volume":"34","author":"Rutgeerts","year":"1993","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.32.7.727","article-title":"Endoscopic injection sclerosis: effective treatment for bleeding peptic ulcer","volume":"32","author":"Rajgopal","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(86)90046-2","article-title":"Meta-analysis in clinical trials","volume":"7","author":"Der Simonian","year":"1986","journal-title":"Controlled Clinical Trials"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199409153311107","article-title":"Bleeding peptic ulcer","volume":"331","author":"Laine","year":"1994","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1989.03430100103037","volume":"262","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF33","first-page":"186","article-title":"Endoscopic coagulation for gastrointestinal bleeding","volume":"318","author":"Henry","year":"1988","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(81)73156-0","article-title":"The national ASGE survey on upper gastrointestinal bleeding. II. Clinical prognostic factors","volume":"27","author":"Silverstein","year":"1981","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF35","first-page":"533","article-title":"A study of the factors influencing mortality rates from gastrointestinal haemorrhage","volume":"45","author":"Allan","year":"1976","journal-title":"Quarterly Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.313.7059.735","article-title":"The relationship between treatment benefit and underlying risk in meta-analysis","volume":"313","author":"Sharp","year":"1996","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(96)70197-9","article-title":"Epinephrine or epinephrine plus alcohol for injection of bleeding ulcers: a prospective randomized trial","volume":"43","author":"Chung","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(93)70208-4","article-title":"Adding a sclerosant to endoscopic epinephrine injection in actively bleeding ulcers: a randomized trial","volume":"39","author":"Chung","year":"1993","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.35.5.608","article-title":"Endoscopic injection therapy for bleeding peptic ulcer: a comparison of adrenaline alone with adrenaline plus ethanolamine oleate","volume":"35","author":"Choudari","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.34.9.1182","article-title":"Is sclerosant injection mandatory after an epinephrine injection for arrest of peptic ulcer haemorrhage? A prospective, randomised, comparative study","volume":"34","author":"Lin","year":"1993","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-199310000-00005","article-title":"Endoscopic injection therapy of bleeding ulcer: a prospective and randomized comparison of adrenaline alone or with polidocanol","volume":"17","author":"Villanueva","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.35.11.1665","article-title":"Distal biliary stricture as a complication of sclerosant injection for bleeding peptic ulcer","volume":"35","author":"Luman","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1010728","article-title":"Extensive necrosis of gastric mucosa following injection therapy of bleeding peptic ulcer","volume":"22","author":"Loperfido","year":"1990","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)93452-F","article-title":"Fatal injection sclerotherapy of a bleeding peptic ulcer","volume":"337","author":"Levy","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1012873","article-title":"Gastric necrosis: a complication of endoscopic sclerosis for bleeding peptic ulcer","volume":"22","author":"Chester","year":"1990","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1018357","article-title":"Initial experience with thrombin as injection agent for bleeding gastroduodenal lesions","volume":"18","author":"Fuchs","year":"1986","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF47","first-page":"116","article-title":"Gastroduodenal ulcer haemorrhage: endoscopic injection therapy using a fibrin sealant","volume":"41","author":"Herold","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(96)80261-6","article-title":"Fibrin sealant in peptic ulcer bleeding: a one year prospective study","volume":"43","author":"Pescatore","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF49","first-page":"89","article-title":"Submucosal fibrin sealing in bleeding gastroduodenal ulcers","volume":"3","author":"Pulanic","year":"1994","journal-title":"Croatian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF50","first-page":"98","article-title":"The role of endoscopic thrombin injections in the treatment of gastroduodenal bleeding","volume":"31","author":"Juszkiewicz","year":"1993","journal-title":"South African Journal of Surgery"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00591383","article-title":"Endoscopic injection therapy in non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding","volume":"5","author":"Benedetti","year":"1991","journal-title":"Surgical Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1012828","article-title":"Injection therapy in bleeding peptic ulcer. Randomized trial using adrenaline and thrombin","volume":"20","author":"Balanz\u00f3","year":"1990","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1009028","article-title":"Endoscopic injection of fibrin glue versus polidocanol in peptic ulcer haemorrhage: a pilot study","volume":"26","author":"Berg","year":"1994","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1996.v111.pm8780566","article-title":"Endoscopic injection for bleeding peptic ulcer: a comparison of adrenaline alone with adrenaline plus human thrombin","volume":"111","author":"Kubba","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1004316","article-title":"Comparison of the haemostatic effect of endoscopic injection with fibrin glue and hypertonic saline\u2013epinephrine for peptic ulcer bleeding: a prospective randomized trial","volume":"29","author":"Song","year":"1997","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)03233-9","article-title":"Randomised trial of single and repeated fibrin glue compared with injection of polidocanol in treatment of bleeding peptic ulcer","volume":"350","author":"Rutgeerts","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF57","first-page":"283","article-title":"A prospectively randomized trial of heat probe thermocoagulation versus pure alcohol injection in nonvariceal peptic ulcer haemorrhage","volume":"83","author":"Lin","year":"1988","journal-title":"American Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(91)90579-A","article-title":"Injection or heat probe for bleeding ulcer","volume":"100","author":"Chung","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.33.9.1159","article-title":"Comparison of endoscopic injection therapy versus the heater probe in major peptic ulcer haemorrhage","volume":"33","author":"Choudari","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(06)80111-2","article-title":"A prospective randomized trial of heater probe thermocoagulation versus injection therapy in peptic ulcer haemorrhage","volume":"43","author":"Llach","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2047","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1998.00590.x","article-title":"Clinical and economic outcomes of individuals with severe peptic ulcer haemorrhage and nonbleeding visible vessel: an analysis of two prospective clinical trials","volume":"93","author":"Gralnek","year":"1998","journal-title":"American Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)91154-X","article-title":"Multipolar electrocoagulation versus injection therapy in the treatment of bleeding peptic ulcers. A prospective, randomized trial","volume":"99","author":"Laine","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(91)70718-9","article-title":"A randomized comparison of multipolar electrocoagulation and injection sclerosis for the treatment of bleeding peptic ulcer","volume":"37","author":"Waring","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(91)70865-1","article-title":"Randomized comparison of endoscopic microwave coagulation and endoscopic sclerosis in the treatment of bleeding peptic ulcers","volume":"37","author":"Pan\u00e9s","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800810625","article-title":"Randomized trial of adrenaline injection and laser photocoagulation in the control of haemorrhage from peptic ulcer","volume":"81","author":"Carter","year":"1994","journal-title":"British Journal of Surgery"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1005695","article-title":"Comparison of injection sclerotherapy and laser photocoagulation for bleeding peptic ulcers","volume":"27","author":"Pulanic","year":"1995","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.31.7.753","article-title":"Heat probe thermocoagulation and pure alcohol injection in massive peptic ulcer haemorrhage: a prospective, randomised controlled trial","volume":"31","author":"Lin","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF68","first-page":"A207","article-title":"Meta-analysis of endoscopic injection therapy versus thermal methods in peptic ulcer haemorrhage","volume":"110","author":"Naveau","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF69","first-page":"99","article-title":"Heater probe thermocoagulation and multipolar electrocoagulation for arrest of peptic ulcer bleeding. A prospective, randomized comparative trial","volume":"21","author":"Lin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(98)70163-4","article-title":"Argon plasma coagulator (APC) vs. heat probe for bleeding peptic ulcers: a prospective, randomized trial","volume":"48","author":"Cipoletta","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01303209","article-title":"Bipolar electrocoagulation vs. Nd-YAG laser photocoagulation for upper gastrointestinal bleeding lesions","volume":"31","author":"Goff","year":"1986","journal-title":"Digestive Diseases and Sciences"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(87)71558-2","article-title":"Neodymium-YAG laser photocoagulation versus multipolar electrocoagulation for the treatment of severely bleeding ulcers: a randomized comparison","volume":"33","author":"Rutgeerts","year":"1987","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(85)72039-1","article-title":"Comparison of heater probe and YAG laser in endoscopic treatment of major bleeding from peptic ulcers","volume":"31","author":"Johnston","year":"1985","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)90339-3","article-title":"Randomized comparison of Nd:YAG laser, heater probe, and no endoscopic therapy for bleeding peptic ulcers","volume":"98","author":"Matthewson","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(91)70719-0","article-title":"A randomized comparative study of laser photocoagulation, heater probe, and bipolar electrocoagulation in the treatment of actively bleeding ulcers","volume":"37","author":"Hui","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.32.10.1100","article-title":"Endoscopic treatment for bleeding peptic ulcers: randomised comparison of adrenaline injection and adrenaline injection+Nd:YAG laser photocoagulation","volume":"32","author":"Loizou","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1005600","article-title":"Injection of fibrin tissue adhesive versus laser photocoagulation in the treatment of high-risk bleeding peptic ulcers: a controlled randomized study","volume":"28","author":"Heldwein","year":"1996","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.314.7090.1307","article-title":"Randomised comparison between adrenaline injection alone and adrenaline injection plus heat probe treatment for actively bleeding ulcers","volume":"314","author":"Chung","year":"1997","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.44.5.715","article-title":"Comparison of adrenaline injection and bipolar electrocoagulation for the arrest of peptic ulcer bleeding","volume":"44","author":"Lin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF80","first-page":"536","article-title":"Bleeding peptic ulcer: injection of adrenaline or tissue adhesive (histoacryl)","volume":"35","author":"Choudari","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF81","first-page":"901","article-title":"Pancreatico-duodenal necrosis after endoscopic injection of cyanoacrylate to treat bleeding duodenal ulcer. A case report","volume":"106","author":"Vallieres","year":"1989","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF82","first-page":"S18","article-title":"Endoscopic ligation in ulcer bleeding: a controlled trial","volume":"27","author":"Koutsomanis","year":"1995","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(96)80282-3","article-title":"Injection therapy alone or with endoscopic hemoclip for bleeding peptic ulcer. Preliminary study of a randomized trial","volume":"43","author":"Villanueva","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(99)70439-6","article-title":"Comparison of hemostatic efficacy of endoscopic hemoclip method, hypertonic-saline epinephrine injection and a combination of the two for the management of bleeding peptic ulcers","volume":"49","author":"Chung","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.35.6.746","article-title":"Bleeding peptic ulcer\u2014risk factors for rebleeding and sequential changes in endoscopic findings","volume":"35","author":"Hsu","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(06)80109-4","article-title":"A prospective outcome study of patients with clot in an ulcer and the effect of irrigation","volume":"43","author":"Laine","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(96)70288-2","article-title":"Natural history of bleeding peptic ulcers with a tightly adherent blood clot: a prospective observation","volume":"43","author":"Lin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A279","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(05)80315-3","article-title":"Final results and cost assessment of endoscopic vs. medical therapies for prevention of recurrent ulcer haemorrhage from adherent clots in a randomized controlled trial","volume":"41","author":"Jensen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A251","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(97)80252-0","article-title":"Final results: rebleeding from peptic ulcers associated with adherent clots: a prospective randomized controlled study comparing endoscopic therapy with medical therapy","volume":"45","author":"Bleau","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199903113401002","article-title":"Endoscopic retreatment compared with surgery in patients with recurrent bleeding after initial endoscopic control of bleeding ulcers","volume":"340","author":"Lau","year":"1999","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.39.2.155","article-title":"Factors related to the failure of endoscopic injection therapy for bleeding gastric ulcer","volume":"39","author":"Brullet","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(06)80110-0","article-title":"Factors predicting failure of endoscopic injection therapy in bleeding duodenal ulcer","volume":"43","author":"Brullet","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF93","first-page":"A177","article-title":"The value of second-look endoscopy after endoscopic injection therapy for bleeding peptic ulcer","volume":"110","author":"Lin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(94)70006-0","article-title":"Value of a second look endoscopy after injection therapy for bleeding peptic ulcer: a prospective and randomized trial","volume":"40","author":"Villanueva","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1001360","article-title":"Effect of programmed endoscopic follow-up examinations on the rebleeding rate of gastric or duodenal peptic ulcers treated by injection therapy: a prospective, randomized controlled trial","volume":"30","author":"Messmann","year":"1998","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1005455","article-title":"Endoscopic retreatment after successful initial haemostasis prevents ulcer rebleeding: a prospective randomized trial","volume":"28","author":"Saeed","year":"1996","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S56","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(90)71101-7","article-title":"Therapeutic endoscopy and bleeding ulcers: methodology","volume":"36","author":"Benjamin","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF98","article-title":"Computers and community based research: building a practice consortium in gastroenterology","author":"Lieberman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(99)70393-7","article-title":"Endoscopic cryotherapy: experimental results and first clinical use","volume":"49","author":"Pasricha","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0086_RF100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(97)70056-7","article-title":"An economic analysis of patients with active arterial peptic ulcer haemorrhage treated with endoscopic heater probe, injection sclerosis, or surgery in a prospective, randomized trial","volume":"46","author":"Gralnek","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"}],"container-title":["Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521691800900866?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521691800900866?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,16]],"date-time":"2021-05-16T05:31:25Z","timestamp":1621143085000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1521691800900866"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,6]]},"references-count":100,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S1521691800900866"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/bega.2000.0086","relation":{},"ISSN":["1521-6918"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1521-6918","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,6]]}}}