{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,22]],"date-time":"2023-04-22T05:37:23Z","timestamp":1682141843271},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,8,1]],"date-time":"2000-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":965088000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Best Practice &amp; Research Clinical Gastroenterology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,8]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,19]],"date-time":"2002-09-19T13:54:50Z","timestamp":1032443690000},"page":"519-533","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Autoimmunity and primary biliary cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ian R.","family":"Mackay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Clinical, immunologic and molecular features of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"7","author":"Gershwin","year":"1994","journal-title":"Seminars in Clinical Immunology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0528.2002.017402.x","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis: An orchestrated immune response against biliary epithelial cells","volume":"174","author":"Gershwin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunological Reviews"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF3","series-title":"The Autoimmune Disease","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prelude","author":"Rose","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0528.2002.017410.x","article-title":"The peculiar autoimmunity of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"174","author":"Mackay","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunological Reviews"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF5","series-title":"Autoimmune Liver Diseases","first-page":"49","article-title":"Pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis","author":"Mackay","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300123","article-title":"Breakdown of tolerance to pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in experimental autoimmune cholangitis: a mouse model of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"30","author":"Jones","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80436-4","article-title":"Approaches to a murine model of AMA positive non-suppurative destructive cholangitis","volume":"28","author":"Bassendine","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.1999.00762.x","article-title":"Autoreactive cytotoxic T cells in mice are induced by immunization with a conserved mitochondrial enzyme in Freund's complete adjuvant","volume":"97","author":"Karanikas","year":"1999","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290126","article-title":"PBC and AMA\u2014what is the connection?","volume":"29","author":"Neuberger","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a112335","article-title":"Causes","volume":"104","author":"Rothman","year":"1976","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0676.1995.tb00687.x","article-title":"Mitochondrial antigen\/antibody system in primary biliary cirrhosis: revisited","volume":"15","author":"Berg","year":"1995","journal-title":"Liver"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)04410-8","article-title":"Natural history of early primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"348","author":"Metcalf","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300106","article-title":"Characterization of the autoantibody responses to recombinant E3 binding protein (Protein X) of pyruvate dehydrogenase in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"30","author":"Palmer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840190431","article-title":"Enzyme inhibitory autoantibodies to pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in primary biliary cirrhosis differ for mammalian, yeast and bacterial enzymes: implications for molecular mimicry","volume":"19","author":"Teoh","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840120120","article-title":"Patients with type II autoimmune hepatitis express functionally intact cytochrome P450 db1 that is inhibited by IE 175 autoantibodies in vitro but not in vivo","volume":"12","author":"Manns","year":"1990","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1258\/0004563001901542","article-title":"Enzyme inhibitory antibody to pyruvate dehydrogenase: diagnostic utility in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"37","author":"Jois","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annals of Clinical Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1515\/CCLM.2000.107","article-title":"Automated enzymatic mitochondrial antibody assay for primary biliary cirrhosis","author":"Jensen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-6346(99)00028-5","article-title":"Frequency of IgG, IgM and IgA class autoantibodies against 2-oxo-acid dehydrogenase complex in 102 Japanese patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"15","author":"Kinoshita","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology Research"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1831","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI4213","article-title":"Identification and precursor frequency analysis of a common T cell epitope motif in mitochondrial autoantigens in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"102","author":"Shimoda","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)91001-O","article-title":"Membrane dihydrolipoamide acetyl transferase (E2) on human biliary epithelial cells in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"339","author":"Joplin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2653","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116504","article-title":"Molecular mimicry in primary biliary cirrhosis. Evidence for biliary epithelial expression of a molecule cross-reactive with pyruvate dehydrogenase complex","volume":"91","author":"Van de Water","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1995.tb00064.x","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis: the molecule and the mimic","volume":"144","author":"Coppel","year":"1995","journal-title":"Immunological Reviews"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510240517","article-title":"Histochemical evidence of disease recurrence after transplantation for primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"24","author":"van der Water","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.1999.tb00021.x","article-title":"Autoimmune cholangitis and primary biliary cirrhosis\u2014an autoimmune enigma","volume":"14","author":"Kinoshita","year":"1999","journal-title":"Liver"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF25","series-title":"Immunology and Liver. Falk Symposium 70","first-page":"379","article-title":"Nuclear antibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis","author":"Mackay","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF26","series-title":"Autoantibodies","first-page":"161","article-title":"Centromere autoantibodies","author":"McHugh","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.49.4.555","article-title":"SRY-related protein SOX13 is a diabetes autoantigen expressed in pancreatic islets","volume":"49","author":"Kasimiotis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.44.6.867","article-title":"High mobility group (HMG) non-histone proteins HMG1 and HMG2 are significant target antigens of perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"44","author":"Sogajima","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF29","series-title":"The Autoimmune Diseases","first-page":"9","article-title":"Basis and mechanisms of self-tolerance","author":"Basten","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.188.1.1","article-title":"Medullary thymic epithelium: a mosaic of immunological \u2018self\u2019","volume":"118","author":"Farr","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Medicine"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1971.tb14189.x","article-title":"The pemphigus antibody and immunopathies affecting the thymus","volume":"84","author":"Whittingham","year":"1971","journal-title":"British Journal of Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80049-7","article-title":"The chosen few? Positive selection and the generation of naive B lymphocytes","volume":"10","author":"Pillai","year":"1999","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.177.4.1009","article-title":"Receptor editing in self-reactive bone marrow B cells","volume":"177","author":"Tiegs","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Medicine"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF34","series-title":"Autoantibodies","first-page":"96","article-title":"Autoantibodies that penetrate into living cells","author":"Alarcon-Segova","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-364932-4.50010-1","article-title":"Apoptosis: mechanisms and roles in pathology","volume":"32","author":"Arends","year":"1991","journal-title":"International Reviews of Experimental Pathology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/0952-7915(93)90063-X","article-title":"Homing of naive, memory and effector lymphocytes","volume":"5","author":"Mackay","year":"1993","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Immunology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90165-U","article-title":"Virus infection triggers insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in a transgenic model: role of anti-self (virus) immune response","volume":"65","author":"Oldstone","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevImmunol.v18.i5.10","article-title":"CD28\/B7 costimulation: a review","volume":"18","author":"Greenfield","year":"1998","journal-title":"Critical Reviews in Immunology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1999.tb01374.x","article-title":"Antigen presentation by parenchymal cells: a route to peripheral tolerance","volume":"172","author":"Marelli-Berg","year":"1999","journal-title":"Immunological Reviews"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1126\/science.280.5361.243","article-title":"Homeostasis and self-tolerance in the immune system: turning lymphocytes off","volume":"280","author":"van Parijs","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8749(74)90093-8","article-title":"Immune protection against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: optimal conditions and analysis of mechanisms","volume":"12","author":"Coates","year":"1974","journal-title":"Cellular Immunology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1996.tb00901.x","article-title":"Organ-specific autoimmunity induced by lymphopenia","volume":"149","author":"Gleeson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Immunological Reviews"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF43","series-title":"Immunologically Mediated Endocrine Diseases","article-title":"Autoimmune gastritis","author":"Whittingham","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5699(99)01559-5","article-title":"The third function of the thymus","volume":"21","author":"Seddon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunology Today"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.188.2.287","article-title":"CD4+CD25+immunoregulatory T cells suppress polyclonal T cell activation in vitro by inhibiting interleukin 2 production","volume":"188","author":"Thornton","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Medicine"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/10.10.1491","article-title":"Three day neonatal thymectomy selectively depletes NK1.1+T cells","volume":"10","author":"Hammond","year":"1998","journal-title":"International Immunology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF47","series-title":"The Autoimmune Diseases","first-page":"163","article-title":"T cell subsets (Th1, Th2) and cytokines in autoimmunity","author":"Romagnani","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1006\/clim.1999.4690","article-title":"The geoepidemiology primary biliary cirrhosis: contrasts and comparisons with the spectrum of autoimmune diseases","volume":"91","author":"Parikh-Patel","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clinical Immunology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2068","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199912303412707","article-title":"Molecular mimicry and autoimmunity","volume":"341","author":"Albert","year":"1999","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00000716","article-title":"Molecular mimicry: a critical look at exemplary instances in human disease","author":"Rose","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cellular and Molecular Life Science"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3413","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.6.3413","article-title":"Identification of the immunodominant epitope of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex\u2014E2 PDC-E2 in primary biliary cirrhosis using phage display","volume":"167","author":"Rowley","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90348-8","article-title":"Molecular mimicry in T cell mediated autoimmunity: viral peptides activate human T cell clones specific for myelin basic protein","volume":"80","author":"Wucherpfennig","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5699(98)01299-7","article-title":"A very high level of cross-reactivity is an essential feature of the T cell receptor","volume":"19","author":"Mason","year":"1998","journal-title":"Immunology Today"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.162.1.338","article-title":"Structural features of autoreactive TCR that determine the degree of degeneracy in peptide recognition","volume":"162","author":"Hausmann","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF55","first-page":"1031","article-title":"Abnormal expression of the E2 component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex on the luminal surface of biliary epithelium occurs before major histocompatibility complex class II and BB1\/B7 expression","volume":"21","author":"Tsuneyama","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840140307","article-title":"Distribution of dihydrolipoamide (E2) in the liver and portal lymph nodes of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis: an immunohistochemical study","volume":"14","author":"Joplin","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250107","article-title":"Accumulation of multiple T-cell clonotypes in the liver of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"25","author":"Ohmoto","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250402","article-title":"In situ nucleic acid hybridization of cytokines in primary biliary cirrhosis: predominance of the Th1 subset","volume":"25","author":"Harada","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020511002025","article-title":"Cytokine profile in the liver of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"19","author":"Nagano","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Immunology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF60","article-title":"Monocyte chemotactic proteins-1, 2 and 3 are distinctively expressed in portal tracts and granulomata in primary biliary cirrhosis: implications for pathogenesis","author":"Tsuneyama","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Pathology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300121","article-title":"Ursodeoxy cholic acid inhibits eosinophil degranulation in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"30","author":"Yamazaki","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2750","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.153.6.2750","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis. High proportions of B cells in blood and liver tissue produce anti-mitochondrial antibodies of several Ig classes","volume":"153","author":"Bj\u00f6rkland","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840180315","article-title":"Distribution of B lymphocytes in non-suppurative cholangitis in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"18","author":"Nakanuma","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/bega.2000.0101_RF64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(19)35377-6","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis (chronic intrahepatic obstructive jaundice)","volume":"37","author":"Sherlock","year":"1959","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"}],"container-title":["Best Practice &amp; Research Clinical Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S152169180090101X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S152169180090101X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,22]],"date-time":"2023-04-22T04:38:19Z","timestamp":1682138299000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S152169180090101X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,8]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S152169180090101X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/bega.2000.0101","relation":{},"ISSN":["1521-6918"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1521-6918","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,8]]}}}