{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T22:56:50Z","timestamp":1765666610466},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,1]],"date-time":"2002-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1038700800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,10]],"date-time":"2002-12-10T20:48:30Z","timestamp":1039553310000},"page":"901-912","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Chlamydia infection and subfertility"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jolande A","family":"Land","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johannes L.H","family":"Evers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116840","article-title":"Selective screening for Chlamydia trachomatis infection in a primary care population of women","volume":"138","author":"Stergachis","year":"1993","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1998.tb10173.x","article-title":"A randomised comparison of strategies for reducing infective complications of induced abortion","volume":"105","author":"Penney","year":"1998","journal-title":"British Journal of Obstertics and Gynaecology"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF3","first-page":"493","article-title":"PCR for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in endocervical, urethral, rectal, and pharyngeal swab samples obtained from patients attending an STD clinic","volume":"73","author":"\u00d8stergaard","year":"1997","journal-title":"Genitourinary Medicine"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.316.7147.1776","article-title":"Screening for chlamydial infections and the risk of ectopic pregnancy in a county in Sweden: ecological analysis","volume":"316","author":"Egger","year":"1998","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)54120-X","article-title":"Diagnosis and prevalence of persistent Chlamydia infection in infertile women: tissue culture, direct antigen detection, and serology","volume":"55","author":"Thejls","year":"1991","journal-title":"Fertility and Sterility"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1177\/095646249500600106","article-title":"Chlamydial urethritis in heterosexual men attending a genitourinary medicine clinic: prevalence, symptoms, condom usage and partner change","volume":"6","author":"Zelin","year":"1995","journal-title":"International Journal of STD & AIDS"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF7","article-title":"A one year follow-up study of women with an asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis infection, detected by PCR in urine specimens","author":"Morr\u00e9","year":"2002","journal-title":"International Journal of STD & AIDS"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1086\/315778","article-title":"Evidence for long-term cervical persistence of Chlamydia trachomatis by omp1 genotyping","volume":"182","author":"Dean","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(85)80210-6","article-title":"Prevalence and manifestations of endometritis among women with cervicitis","volume":"152","author":"Paavonen","year":"1985","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-104-2-187","article-title":"Microbial causes of proven pelvic inflammatory disease and efficacy of clindamycin and tobramycin","volume":"104","author":"Wasserheit","year":"1986","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/2.6.519","article-title":"Chlamydia pelvic inflammatory disease","volume":"6","author":"Paavonen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Human Reproduction Update"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF12","first-page":"218","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatis antigens: role in immunity and pathogenesis","volume":"3","author":"Brunham","year":"1994","journal-title":"Infectious Agents and Disease"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.57.2.636-638.1989","article-title":"Protective monoclonal antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis serovar- and serogroup-specific major outer membrane protein determinants","volume":"57","author":"Zhang","year":"1989","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3547","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.62.8.3547-3549.1994","article-title":"Characterization of the humoral response induced by a synthetic peptide of the major outer membrane protein ofChlamydia trachomatis serovar B","volume":"62","author":"Villeneuve","year":"1994","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3463","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.9.3463-3466.2000","article-title":"Analysis of genetic heterogeneity in Chlamydia trachomatis biovars and clinical isolates of the serovars D, E and F by amplified fragment length polymorphism","volume":"38","author":"Morr\u00e9","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(94)70286-1","article-title":"Risk factors for recurrent C. trachomatis infections in women","volume":"170","author":"Hillis","year":"1994","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/169.3.680","article-title":"Demonstration of delayed hypersensitivity in Chlamydia trachomatis salpingitis in monkeys: a pathogenic mechanism of tubal damage","volume":"169","author":"Patton","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/7.6.717","article-title":"Importance of reinfection in the pathogenesis of trachoma","volume":"7","author":"Grayston","year":"1985","journal-title":"Reviews in Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.291.6510.1693","article-title":"Population study of causes, treatment, and outcome of infertility","volume":"291","author":"Hull","year":"1985","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/12.7.1582","article-title":"The spontaneous pregnancy prognosis in untreated subfertile couples: the Walcheren primary care study","volume":"12","author":"Snick","year":"1997","journal-title":"Human Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198311173092001","article-title":"Treatment-independent pregnancy among infertile couples","volume":"309","author":"Collins","year":"1983","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)59230-9","volume":"47","year":"1987","journal-title":"Fertility and Sterility"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF23","first-page":"S81","article-title":"Epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases. What does it tell us?","volume":"21","author":"Kohl","year":"1994","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(80)91077-7","article-title":"Incidence, prevalence, and trends of acute pelvic inflammatory disease and its consequences in industrialized countries","volume":"138","author":"Westr\u00f6m","year":"1980","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)44056-2","article-title":"Chlamydial serology in infertile women by immunofluorescence","volume":"31","author":"Punnonen","year":"1979","journal-title":"Fertility and Sterility"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)57781-4","article-title":"The accuracy of hysterosalpingography in the diagnosis of tubal pathology: a meta-analysis","volume":"64","author":"Swart","year":"1995","journal-title":"Fertility and Sterility"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137120","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatis, tubal disease and the incidence of symptomatic and asymptomatic infection following hysterosalpingography","volume":"5","author":"Forsey","year":"1990","journal-title":"Human Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(70)90096-6","article-title":"Immunologic relationship between genital TRIC, lymphogranuloma venereum, and related organisms in a new microtiter indirect immunofluorescence test","volume":"70","author":"Wang","year":"1970","journal-title":"American Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.30.6.510","article-title":"Modification of the microimmunofluorescence test to provide a routine serodiagnostic test for chlamydial infection","volume":"30","author":"Treharne","year":"1977","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Pathology"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-7012(00)00209-8","article-title":"The use of serologic tests for the diagnosis of chlamydial infections","volume":"42","author":"Tuuminen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Microbiological Methods"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.32.6.1419-1426.1994","article-title":"Enzyme immunoassay with enhanced specificity for detection of antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis","volume":"32","author":"Ossewaarde","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF32","first-page":"349","article-title":"Detection of antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis with peptide-based species-specific enzyme immunoassay","volume":"5","author":"N\u00e4rv\u00e4nen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.2.584-587.2002","article-title":"Comparison of three commercially available peptide-based immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA assays to microimmunofluorescence assay for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis antibodies","volume":"40","author":"Morr\u00e9","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(97)81435-5","article-title":"The accuracy of serum chlamydia antibodies in the diagnosis of tubal pathology: a meta-analysis","volume":"67","author":"Mol","year":"1997","journal-title":"Fertility and Sterility"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/13.4.1094","article-title":"How to use Chlamydia antibody testing in subfertility patients","volume":"13","author":"Land","year":"1998","journal-title":"Human Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.23.5.924-928.1986","article-title":"Persistence of chlamydial antibodies after pelvic inflammatory disease","volume":"23","author":"Puolakkainen","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02718380","article-title":"The long term follow-up of asymptomatic women with Chlamydia trachomatis","volume":"251","author":"Chaim","year":"1992","journal-title":"Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-2243(93)90251-7","article-title":"Persistence of antichlamydial antibodies after treatment of acute salpingitis with doxycycline","volume":"48","author":"Piura","year":"1993","journal-title":"European Journal of Obsterics and Gynaecology & Reproductive Biology"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)56882-4","article-title":"Post-therapeutic evolution of serum chlamydial antibody titers in women with acute salpingitis and tubal infertility","volume":"62","author":"Henry-Suchet","year":"1994","journal-title":"Fertility and Sterility"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.3.699","article-title":"Chlamydia antibody testing in screening for tubal factor subfertility: the significance of IgG antibody decline over time","volume":"17","author":"Gijsen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Human Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/23.1.176","article-title":"Chlamydia pneumoniae IgG antibody prevalence in south-western and eastern Finland in 1982 and 1987","volume":"23","author":"Karvonen","year":"1994","journal-title":"International Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01590940","article-title":"Immune response to Chlamydia trachomatis heat-shock protein in infertile female patients and the influence ofChlamydia pneumoniae antibodies","volume":"14","author":"Freidank","year":"1995","journal-title":"European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1969","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/14.8.1969","article-title":"Antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis heat shock proteins in women with tubal factor infertility are associated with prior infection by C. trachomatis but not by C. pneumoniae","volume":"14","author":"Persson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Human Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-199303000-00001","article-title":"Antibodies to Chlamydia species in patients attending a genitourinary clinic and the impact of antibodies to C. pneumoniae and C. psittaci on the sensitivity and the specificity of C. trachomatis serology tests","volume":"20","author":"Moss","year":"1993","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/16.3.487","article-title":"Chlamydia pneumoniae and screening for tubal factor subfertility","volume":"16","author":"Gijsen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Human Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/6.2.149","article-title":"The role of heat shock proteins in reproduction","volume":"6","author":"Neuer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Human Reproduction Update"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(93)90210-C","article-title":"Sequence homologies between hsp60 and autoantigens","volume":"14","author":"Jones","year":"1993","journal-title":"Immunology Today"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3998","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.9.3998","article-title":"Morphologic and antigenic characterization of interferon gamma-mediated persistent Chlamydia trachomatis infection in vitro","volume":"90","author":"Beatty","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(97)80077-5","article-title":"The presence of serum antibody to the chlamydial heat shock protein (CHSP60) as a diagnostic test for tubal factor infertility","volume":"67","author":"Claman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Fertility and Sterility"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)57847-9","article-title":"Serologic responses of infertile women to the 60-kd chlamydial heat shock protein (hsp60)","volume":"64","author":"Arno","year":"1995","journal-title":"Fertility and Sterility"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/12.7.1464","article-title":"Chlamydia serology in 1303 asymptomatic subfertile couples","volume":"12","author":"Eggert-Kruse","year":"1997","journal-title":"Human Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3009","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/14.12.3009","article-title":"Screening for Chlamydia trachomatis in subfertile women","volume":"14","author":"Macmillan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Human Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(98)00167-7","article-title":"Screening for Chlamydia trachomatis would be cost-effective, even in low-prevalence situations","volume":"92","author":"Paavonen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(98)00248-9","article-title":"Presence of the major outer membrane protein of Chlamydia trachomatis in patients with chronic salpingitis and salpingitis isthmica nodosa with tubal occlusion","volume":"70","author":"Dieterle","year":"1998","journal-title":"Fertility and Sterility"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(98)00304-5","article-title":"Viability of Chlamydia trachomatis in fallopian tubes of patients with ectopic pregnancy","volume":"70","author":"G\u00e9rard","year":"1998","journal-title":"Fertility and Sterility"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.3.525","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatis in subfertile women undergoing uterine instrumentation: screen or treat?","volume":"17","author":"Land","year":"2002","journal-title":"Human Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1177\/095646249000100407","article-title":"A 2-year quantitative assessment of Chlamydia trachomatis in a sexually transmitted disease clinic population by the Micro Trak direct smear immunofluorescent test","volume":"1","author":"Thomas","year":"1990","journal-title":"International Journal of STD & AIDS"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/5.5.433","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatis: impact on human reproduction","volume":"5","author":"Paavonen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Human Reproduction Update"},{"key":"10.1053\/beog.2002.0319_RF59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)47966-5","article-title":"In vitro tests of the adherence of Chlamydia trachomatis to human spermatozoa","volume":"42","author":"Wolner-Hanssen","year":"1984","journal-title":"Fertility and Sterility"}],"container-title":["Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521693402903196?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521693402903196?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,11]],"date-time":"2020-03-11T11:53:47Z","timestamp":1583927627000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1521693402903196"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1521693402903196"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/beog.2002.0319","relation":{},"ISSN":["1521-6934"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1521-6934","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]}}}