{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T20:08:40Z","timestamp":1758398920883},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Drug-induced increase in QT dispersion has been associated with increased risk of ventricular proarrhythmia. The aim of the present study was to compare QT dispersion during atrial fibrillation and sinus rhythm in the same patients at normal and prolonged ventricular repolarization.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Sixty-one patients who had had chronic atrial fibrillation for 8\u00b114 months received a 6\u2009h infusion of the Ikr-blocker almokalant, the first 90\u2009min of which are used for this analysis. The following day, after conversion to sinus rhythm, by almokalant (n=19) or direct current cardioversion (n=42), an identical 90\u2009min infusion was administered. Prior to infusion, there was no difference in precordial QT dispersion between atrial fibrillation and sinus rhythm (29\u00b112 vs 36\u00b117\u2009ms, P=ns). During infusion, at prolonged repolarization, the increase in QT dispersion was greater during sinus rhythm than during atrial fibrillation (58\u00b149 vs 30\u00b115\u2009ms,P =0\u00b70011, after 30\u2009min infusion). No correlation was found between QT dispersion and the QT or RR interval.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>QT dispersion during atrial fibrillation does not differ from QT dispersion during sinus rhythm during normal repolarization, while measurement of QT dispersion during prolonged repolarization, induced by an Ikr-blocker, yielded larger values during sinus rhythm than during atrial fibrillation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1053\/eupc.1999.0068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,19]],"date-time":"2002-09-19T13:54:50Z","timestamp":1032443690000},"page":"20-31","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Comparison of QT dispersion during atrial fibrillation and sinus rhythm in the same patients, at normal and prolonged ventricular repolarization"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"B.","family":"Houltz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Darp\u00f6","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Karolinska Hospital Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Swedberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Blomstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Uppsala University Hospital Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.J.G.M.","family":"Crijns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.M.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Ume\u00e5 University Hospital Ume\u00e5, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Svernhage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Astra-H\u00e4ssle AB M\u00f6lndal, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Edvardsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sahlgrenska G\u00f6teborg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020090806034887100_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(92)90295-A","article-title":"Effects of the class III antiarrhythmic drug dofetilide on ventricular monophasic action potential duration and QT interval dispersion in stable angina pectoris","volume":"70","author":"Sedgwick","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(94)00446-W","article-title":"Electrocardiographic indexes of dispersion of ventricular repolarization: an isolated heart validation study","volume":"25","author":"Zabel","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.89.4.1681","article-title":"Dispersion of the QT interval. A marker of therapeutic efficacy in the idiopathic long QT syndrome","volume":"89","author":"Priori","year":"1994","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a015232","article-title":"Repolarization dispersion and sudden cardiac death in patients with impaired left ventricular function","volume":"18","author":"Fu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.97.5.467","article-title":"QTc dispersion predicts cardiac mortality in the elderly: the Rotterdam Study","volume":"97","author":"de Bruyne","year":"1998","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1998.tb00150.x","article-title":"Electrocardiographic and clinical predictors of torsades de pointes induced by almokalant infusion in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation or flutter: a prospective study","volume":"21","author":"Houltz","year":"1998","journal-title":"PACE"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.86.5.1376","article-title":"Precordial QT interval dispersion as a marker of torsade de pointes. Disparate effects of class Ia antiarrhythmic drugs and amiodarone","volume":"86","author":"Hii","year":"1992","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(95)00286-5","article-title":"Efficacy and proarrhythmic hazards of pharmacologic cardioversion of atrial fibrillation: prospective comparison of sotalol versus quinidine","volume":"26","author":"Hohnloser","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1527-3466.1996.tb00314.x","article-title":"Almokalant \u2014 a selective class III antiarrhythmic compound","volume":"14","author":"Darp\u00f6","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Drug Rev"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(96)00448-1","article-title":"Ionic mechanisms for prolongation of refractoriness and their proarrhythmic and antiarrhythmic correlates","volume":"78","author":"Roden","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b11","first-page":"353","article-title":"An analysis of the time-relations of electrocardiograms","volume":"7","author":"Bazett","year":"1920","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.55.2.181","article-title":"Effect of long term treatment with metoprolol and sotalol on ventricular repolarisation measured by use of transoesophageal atrial pacing","volume":"55","author":"Blomstr\u00f6m Lundqvist","year":"1986","journal-title":"Br Heart J"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-199505000-00001","article-title":"Tolerance and effects of almokalant, a new selective Ik blocking agent, on ventricular repolarization and on sino-atrial and atrioventricular nodal function in the heart: a study in healthy, male volunteers utilizing transesophageal atrial stimulation","volume":"25","author":"Darp\u00f6","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)90837-8","article-title":"Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement","volume":"1","author":"Bland","year":"1986","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)91748-9","article-title":"Comparing methods of measurement: why plotting difference against standard method is misleading","volume":"346","author":"Bland","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(89)90059-3","article-title":"When is QT prolongation antiarrhythmic and when is it proarrhythmic?","volume":"63","author":"Singh","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5273(92)90305-M","article-title":"Amiodarone reduces QT dispersion in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"36","author":"Dritsas","year":"1992","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.4960200205","article-title":"Effect of amiodarone on QT dispersion in the 12-lead standard electrocardiogram and its significance for subsequent arrhythmic events","volume":"20","author":"Grimm","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5273(97)00073-9","article-title":"Influence of amiodarone on QT dispersion in patients with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias and clinical outcome","volume":"60","author":"Meierhenrich","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.63.6.342","article-title":"QT dispersion: an indication of arrhythmia risk in patients with long QT intervals","volume":"63","author":"Day","year":"1990","journal-title":"Br Heart J"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a059911","article-title":"Reduction in QT dispersion by sotalol following myocardial infarction","volume":"12","author":"Day","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(94)90582-7","article-title":"Effects of amiodarone, sematilide, and sotalol on QT dispersion","volume":"74","author":"Cui","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.94.7.1592","article-title":"Influence of dofetilide on QT-interval duration and dispersion at various heart rates during exercise in humans","volume":"94","author":"Demolis","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(96)00555-4","article-title":"Propafenone during acute myocardial ischemia in patients: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study","volume":"29","author":"Faber","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b25","first-page":"1397","article-title":"Does sotalol-induced alteration in QT-dispersion predict drug effectiveness or proarrhythmic hazards? (Abstr)","volume":"88","author":"Hohnloser","year":"1993","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b26","first-page":"55","article-title":"Sotalol-induced torsades de pointes in patients with renal failure","volume":"13","author":"Dancey","year":"1997","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-0736(95)80057-3","article-title":"Dispersion of repolarization. Relation to heart rate and repolarization duration","volume":"28","author":"Zareba","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Electrocardiol"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.1994.tb01190.x","article-title":"QT dispersion: problems of methodology and clinical significance","volume":"5","author":"Statters","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.72.4.390","article-title":"Adjustment of QT dispersion assessed from 12 lead electrocardiograms for different numbers of analysed electrocardiographic leads: comparison of stability of different methods","volume":"72","author":"Hnatkova","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br Heart J"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a014999","article-title":"Reproducibility and automatic measurement of QT dispersion","volume":"17","author":"Glancy","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(88)91309-4","article-title":"Importance of lead selection in QT interval measurement","volume":"61","author":"Cowan","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/0033-0620(88)90014-X","article-title":"The long QT syndromes: a critical review, new clinical observations and a unifying hypothesis","volume":"31","author":"Jackman","year":"1988","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(86)90010-4","article-title":"Incidence and clinical features of the quinidine-associated long QT syndrome: implications for patient care","volume":"111","author":"Roden","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(94)90529-0","article-title":"Clinical relevance of cardiac arrhythmias generated by afterdepolarizations. Role of M cells in the generation of U waves, triggered activity and torsade de pointes","volume":"23","author":"Antzelevitch","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(96)00121-0","article-title":"Efficacy of intravenous ibutilide for rapid termination of atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter: a dose-response study","volume":"28","author":"Ellenbogen","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)02149-6","article-title":"Effect of d-sotalol on mortality in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after recent and remote myocardial infarction. The SWORD Investigators. Survival With Oral d-Sotalol","volume":"348","author":"Waldo","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5273(95)02284-4","article-title":"Chemical cardioversion of atrial fibrillation with intravenous dofetilide","volume":"49","author":"Sedgwick","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5273(95)02540-5","article-title":"Torsades de pointes induced by transesophageal atrial stimulation after administration of almokalant","volume":"53","author":"Darp\u00f6","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(93)90726-P","article-title":"Torsades de pointes with Almokalant, a new class III antiarrhythmic drug","volume":"126","author":"Wiesfeld","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(97)00333-1","article-title":"Further observations to elucidate the role of interventricular dispersion of repolarization and early after depolarizations in the genesis of acquired torsade de pointes arrhythmias: a comparison between almokalant and d-sotalol using the dog as its own control","volume":"30","author":"Verduyn","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2491","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.97.25.2491","article-title":"Dispersion of ventricular repolarization. Reality? Illusion? Significance?","volume":"97","author":"Coumel","year":"1998","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.32.1.57","article-title":"Value of quinidine in maintenance of sinus rhythm after electric conversion of atrial fibrillation","volume":"32","author":"Hartel","year":"1970","journal-title":"Br Heart J"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.4960170410","article-title":"Torsade de pointes complicating drug treatment of low-malignant forms of arrhythmia: four cases reports","volume":"17","author":"Faber","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.68.798.289","article-title":"Sotalol-induced torsade de pointes: management with magnesium infusion","volume":"68","author":"Arstall","year":"1992","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b45","first-page":"1202","article-title":"Increased sensitivity to QT prolonging drug therapy immediately after conversion to sinus rhythm","volume":"94","author":"Choy","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2020090806034887100_b46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1998.tb00148.x","article-title":"Taking the \u2018idio\u2019 out of \u2018idiosyncratic\u2019: predicting torsades de pointes","volume":"21","author":"Roden","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"}],"container-title":["EP Europace"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/europace\/article-pdf\/2\/1\/20\/33724774\/20.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/europace\/article-pdf\/2\/1\/20\/33724774\/20.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]],"date-time":"2020-09-08T10:04:08Z","timestamp":1599559448000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/europace\/article\/2\/1\/20\/567594"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/eupc.1999.0068","relation":{},"ISSN":["1532-2092","1099-5129"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1532-2092","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1099-5129","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]]}}}