{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T04:50:06Z","timestamp":1773291006165,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":140,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,1]],"date-time":"2001-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":988675200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gastroenterology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,29]],"date-time":"2005-07-29T17:58:00Z","timestamp":1122659880000},"page":"1485-1501","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":132,"title":["The lymphoid liver: Considerations on pathways to autoimmune injury"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"Hiroto","family":"Kita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Judy","family":"Van De Water","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.Eric","family":"Gershwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ian R.","family":"Mackay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80206-7","article-title":"Resident human hepatic lymphocytes are phenotypically different from circulating lymphocytes","volume":"28","author":"Norris","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/S0198-8859(98)00098-6","article-title":"Natural T cells in the human liver: cytotoxic lymphocytes with dual T cell and natural killer cell phenotype and function are phenotypically heterogenous and include Valpha24- JalphaQ and gammadelta T cell receptor bearing cells","volume":"60","author":"Norris","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hum Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2314","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.163.4.2314","article-title":"The human liver contains multiple populations of NK cells, T cells, and CD3+ CD56+ natural T cells with distinct cytotoxic activities and Th1, Th2, and Th0 cytokine secretion patterns","volume":"163","author":"Doherty","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(90)90160-R","article-title":"Isolation, phenotyping, and functional analysis of lymphocytes from human liver","volume":"56","author":"Hata","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1993.tb08202.x","article-title":"Definition of unique traits of human CD4\u2212 CD8\u2212 alpha beta T cells","volume":"93","author":"Murison","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.152.3.1072","article-title":"Unique phenotype and distinct TCR V beta repertoire in human peripheral blood alpha beta TCR+ , CD4\u2212, and CD8\u2212 double negative T cells","volume":"152","author":"Niehues","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.174.5.1001","article-title":"An unusual lineage of alpha\/beta T cells that contains autoreactive cells","volume":"174","author":"von Boehmer","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2907","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.147.9.2907","article-title":"Expansion of the population of double negative CD4\u22128\u2212 T alpha beta cells in the liver is a common feature of autoimmune mice","volume":"147","author":"Masuda","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.173.2.483","article-title":"The V beta repertoire of mouse gut homodimeric alpha CD8+ intraepithelial T cell receptor alpha\/beta + lymphocytes reveals a major extrathymic pathway of T cell differentiation","volume":"173","author":"Rocha","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.1.43","article-title":"Extrathymic origin of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes bearing T-cell antigen receptor gamma delta","volume":"88","author":"Bandeira","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib11","first-page":"988","article-title":"Elevation of gamma delta T lymphocytes in peripheral blood and livers of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis and other autoimmune liver diseases","volume":"23","author":"Martins","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2660313","article-title":"Scavenger functions of the liver endothelial cell","volume":"266","author":"Smedsrod","year":"1990","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib13","first-page":"481","article-title":"Expression patterns of leukocyte adhesion ligand molecules on human liver endothelia. Lack of ELAM-1 and CD62 inducibility on sinusoidal endothelia and distinct distribution of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, ICAM-2, and LFA- 3","volume":"142","author":"Steinhoff","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840160137","article-title":"Liver endocytosis and Kupffer cells","volume":"16","author":"Toth","year":"1992","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1159\/000201257","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of liver fibrogenesis: a homage to the role of activated fat-storing cells","volume":"56","author":"Gressner","year":"1995","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290107","article-title":"Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 as a chemoattractant for human hepatic stellate cells","volume":"29","author":"Marra","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80011-7","article-title":"Differential expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) in transforming rat hepatic stellate cells","volume":"30","author":"Sprenger","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300218","article-title":"The immunobiology of bile and biliary epithelium","volume":"30","author":"Reynoso-Paz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840210314","article-title":"Extramedullary erythropoiesis in human liver grafts","volume":"21","author":"Schlitt","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290402","article-title":"In vitro evidence for the presence of hematopoietic stem cells in the adult human liver","volume":"29","author":"Crosbie","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510280412","article-title":"Immunolocalization of OV-6, a putative progenitor cell marker in human fetal and diseased pediatric liver","volume":"28","author":"Crosby","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib22","first-page":"771","article-title":"Immunolocalization of putative human liver progenitor cells in livers from patients with end-stage primary biliary cirrhosis and sclerosing cholangitis using the monoclonal antibody OV-6","volume":"152","author":"Crosby","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.188.1.5","article-title":"CD4 T cell tolerance to human C-reactive protein, an inducible serum protein, is mediated by medullary thymic epithelium","volume":"188","author":"Klein","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.188.1.1","article-title":"Medullary thymic epithelium: a mosaic of epithelial \u201cself.\u201d","volume":"188","author":"Farr","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.46.1.34","article-title":"Transgenic expression of mouse proinsulin II prevents diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice (published erratum appears in Diabetes 1997;46:924)","volume":"46","author":"French","year":"1997","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.177.4.1009","article-title":"Receptor editing in self-reactive bone marrow B cells","volume":"177","author":"Tiegs","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/0952-7915(93)90063-X","article-title":"Homing of naive, memory and effector lymphocytes","volume":"5","author":"Mackay","year":"1993","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.156.4.1325","article-title":"Anergy as a mechanism of peripheral T cell tolerance","volume":"156","author":"Quill","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1126\/science.169.3950.1042","article-title":"A theory of self-nonself discrimination","volume":"169","author":"Bretscher","year":"1970","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.1975.3","article-title":"A new analysis of allogeneic interactions","volume":"53","author":"Lafferty","year":"1975","journal-title":"Aust J Exp Biol Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.16.1.111","article-title":"CD40 and CD154 in cell-mediated immunity","volume":"16","author":"Grewal","year":"1998","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevImmunol.v18.i5.10","article-title":"CD28\/B7 costimulation: a review","volume":"18","author":"Greenfield","year":"1998","journal-title":"Crit Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1999.tb01374.x","article-title":"Antigen presentation by parenchymal cells: a route to peripheral tolerance?","volume":"172","author":"Marelli-Berg","year":"1999","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.187.7.1047","article-title":"alpha\/beta-T cell receptor (TCR)+ CD4 \u2212CD8\u2212 (NKT) thymocytes prevent insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in nonobese diabetic (NOD)\/Lt mice by the influence of interleukin (IL)-4 and\/or IL-10","volume":"187","author":"Hammond","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.3.1212","article-title":"CD4 + CD25 + T cells inhibit both the induction and effector function of autoreactive T cells and represent a unique lineage of immunoregulatory cells","volume":"160","author":"Suri-Payer","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1126\/science.280.5361.243","article-title":"Homeostasis and self-tolerance in the immune system: turning lymphocytes off","volume":"280","author":"Van Parijs","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840130211","article-title":"Circulating tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 concentrations in chronic alcoholic patients","volume":"13","author":"Khoruts","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840180316","article-title":"Increased plasma interleu-kin-8 concentrations in alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"18","author":"Hill","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-74594-2_2","article-title":"Cross-reactivity between streptococcus and human tissue: a model of molecular mimicry and autoimmunity","volume":"145","author":"Froude","year":"1989","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.178.5.1771","article-title":"A bacterium lipopolysaccharide that elicits Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome has a GM1 ganglioside-like structure","volume":"178","author":"Yuki","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.1997.16","article-title":"Molecular mimicry: can epitope mimicry induce autoimmune disease?","volume":"75","author":"Davies","year":"1997","journal-title":"Immunol Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI113949","article-title":"Major antigen of liver kidney microsomal autoantibodies in idiopathic autoimmune hepatitis is cytochrome P450db1","volume":"83","author":"Manns","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830230519","article-title":"Identification and analysis of cytochrome P450IID6 antigenic sites recognized by anti-liver-kidney microsome type-1 antibodies (LKM1)","volume":"23","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.190.2.169","article-title":"Molecular mimicry of human cytochrome P450 by hepatitis C virus at the level of cytotoxic T cell recognition","volume":"190","author":"Kammer","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)91894-6","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis: identification of two major M2 mitochondrial autoantigens","volume":"1","author":"Yeaman","year":"1988","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3987","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.10.3987","article-title":"Reactivity of primary biliary cirrhosis sera with Esche-richia coli dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (E2p): characterization of the main immunogenic region","volume":"87","author":"Fussey","year":"1990","journal-title":"Proc Nat Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840130314","article-title":"Autoantibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis: analysis of reactivity against eukaryotic and prokaryotic 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase complexes","volume":"13","author":"Fussey","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840190431","article-title":"Enzyme inhibitory autoantibodies to pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in primary biliary cirrhosis differ for mammalian, yeast and bacterial enzymes: implications for molecular mimicry","volume":"19","author":"Teoh","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.181.5.1835","article-title":"HLA DRB4 0101-restricted immunodominant T cell autoepitope of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in primary biliary cirrhosis: evidence of molecular mimicry in human autoimmune diseases","volume":"181","author":"Shimoda","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)91001-O","article-title":"Membrane dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (E2) on human biliary epithelial cells in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"339","author":"Joplin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840190610","article-title":"Distribution of pyruvate dehydrogenase dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (PDC-E2) and another mitochondrial marker in salivary gland and biliary epithelium from patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"19","author":"Joplin","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2653","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116504","article-title":"Molecular mimicry in primary biliary cirrhosis. Evidence for biliary epithelial expression of a molecule cross-reactive with pyruvate dehydrogenase complex-E2","volume":"91","author":"Van de Water","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib53","first-page":"893","article-title":"Apoptosis: molecular aspects of cell death and disease","volume":"78","author":"Granville","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1126\/science.281.5381.1309","article-title":"Mitochondria and apoptosis","volume":"281","author":"Green","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8661","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.19.8661","article-title":"Enforced BCL2 expression in B-lymphoid cells prolongs antibody responses and elicits autoimmune disease","volume":"88","author":"Strasser","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199909)42:9<1833::AID-ANR7>3.0.CO;2-Q","article-title":"The spectrum of apoptotic defects and clinical manifestations, including systemic lupus erythematosus, in humans with CD95 (Fas\/APO-1) mutations","volume":"42","author":"Vaishnaw","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199807)41:7<1152::AID-ART3>3.0.CO;2-L","article-title":"Posttranslational protein modifications, apoptosis, and the bypass of tolerance to autoantigens","volume":"41","author":"Utz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.47.10.1537","article-title":"Apoptosis and the pathogenesis of IDDM: a question of life and death","volume":"47","author":"Mauricio","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1006\/clin.1998.4526","article-title":"Apoptosis and thyroiditis","volume":"87","author":"Arscott","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.18.1.593","article-title":"The role of chemokine receptors in primary, effector, and memory immune responses","volume":"18","author":"Sallusto","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib61","first-page":"17","article-title":"Cytokines, chemokines, and their cognate receptors in autoimmune diseases","volume":"2","author":"Borchers","year":"1999","journal-title":"Semin Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(98)00187-8","article-title":"Acute and relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis are regulated by differential expression of the CC chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha and monocyte chemotactic protein-1","volume":"92","author":"Kennedy","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1999.00929.x","volume":"117","author":"Hasegawa","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib64","first-page":"66","article-title":"Expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 precedes monocyte recruitment in a rat model of acute liver injury, and is modulated by vitamin E","volume":"47","author":"Marra","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Invest Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI6642","article-title":"Active participation of CCR5(+)CD8(+) T lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of liver injury in graft-versus-host disease","volume":"104","author":"Murai","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.45.3.416","article-title":"Serum concentrations and peripheral secretion of the beta chemokines monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 and macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha in alcoholic liver disease","volume":"45","author":"Fisher","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90337-9","article-title":"Traffic signals for lymphocyte recirculation and leukocyte emigration: the multistep paradigm","volume":"76","author":"Springer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840190222","article-title":"Inflammatory cytokines upregulate intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression on primary cultured mouse hepatocytes and T-lymphocyte adhesion","volume":"19","author":"Morita","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840140305","article-title":"Increased expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 on bile ducts in primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"14","author":"Adams","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80149-9","article-title":"Expression and cytokine regulation of immune recognition elements by normal human biliary epithelial and established liver cell lines in vitro","volume":"29","author":"Cruickshank","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1997.v112.pm9041260","article-title":"Immunogenicity of biliary epithelium: study of the adhesive interaction with lymphocytes","volume":"112","author":"Leon","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2607","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.150.7.2607","article-title":"Signal transduction pathways involved in T cell receptor-induced regulation of CD2 avidity for CD58","volume":"150","author":"Hahn","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib73","first-page":"372","article-title":"Promotion of leukocyte transendothelial cell migration by chemokines derived from human biliary epithelial cells in vitro","volume":"109","author":"Morland","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc Assoc Am Physicians"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250402","article-title":"In situ hybridization of cytokines in primary biliary cirrhosis: predominance of the Th1 subset","volume":"25","author":"Harada","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.181.2.723","article-title":"Heterogeneity of autoreactive T cell clones specific for the E2 component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"181","author":"Van de Water","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib76","first-page":"113","article-title":"Cytokine patterns and cytotoxic mediators in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"21","author":"Martinez","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1080\/21548331.1988.11703442","article-title":"Current understanding of eosinophil function","volume":"23","author":"Gleich","year":"1988","journal-title":"Hosp Pract (Off Ed)"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300121","article-title":"Ursodeoxycholic acid inhibits eosinophil degranulation in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"30","author":"Yamazaki","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8749(91)90107-M","article-title":"Effect of recombinant interleukin 5 on the generation of cytotoxic T cells (CTL)","volume":"133","author":"Nagasawa","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cell Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/5.9.1049","article-title":"Bystander apoptosis induced by CD8+ cytotoxic T cell (CTL) clones: implications for CTL lytic mechanisms","volume":"5","author":"Burrows","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7518614","article-title":"Fas and perforin pathways as major mechanisms of T cell-mediated cytotoxicity","volume":"265","author":"Kagi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.183.2.657","article-title":"Cytotoxic T cells deficient in both functional fas ligand and perforin show residual cytolytic activity yet lose their capacity to induce lethal acute graft-versus-host disease","volume":"183","author":"Braun","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib83","first-page":"615","article-title":"Autoimmune mechanisms in chronic hepatitis B and delta virus infections","volume":"7","author":"McFarlane","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.182.3.633","article-title":"NK1.1+ T cell receptor-alpha\/beta+ cells: new clues to their origin, specificity, and function","volume":"182","author":"MacDonald","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.153.1.333","article-title":"TNF-alpha is a principal cytokine involved in the recruitment of NK cells to liver parenchyma","volume":"153","author":"Pilaro","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840220139","article-title":"The role of Kupffer cells in the differentiation process of hepatic natural killer cells","volume":"22","author":"Vanderkerken","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840180315","article-title":"Distribution of B lymphocytes in nonsuppurative cholangitis in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"18","author":"Nakanuma","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib88","first-page":"1725","article-title":"Apoptosis and hepatobiliary disease","volume":"21","author":"Patel","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib89","first-page":"415","article-title":"Constitutive and induced expression of APO-1, a new member of the nerve growth factor\/tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, in normal and neoplastic cells","volume":"69","author":"Leithauser","year":"1993","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R277","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(06)00136-9","article-title":"Apoptosis: Bcl-2-related proteins get connected","volume":"7","author":"Jacobson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Current Biol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1007\/s005350050335","article-title":"Autoimmune reactivity of sera to hepatocyte plasma membrane in type 1 autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"35","author":"Matsuo","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1993.tb03409.x","article-title":"Cytochrome P450IID6 recognized by LKM1 antibody is not exposed on the surface of hepatocytes","volume":"92","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(93)90853-5","article-title":"Cytochromes P-450 in human hepatocyte plasma membrane: recognition by several autoantibodies","volume":"104","author":"Loeper","year":"1993","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(95)00192-X","article-title":"Detection of anti-liver cytosol antibody type 1 (anti-LC1) by immunodiffusion, counterimmunoelectrophoresis and immunoblotting: comparison of different techniques","volume":"187","author":"Muratori","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.42.5.721","article-title":"Liver\/kidney microsomal antibody type 1 and liver cytosol antibody type 1 concentrations in type 2 autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"42","author":"Muratori","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1998.00754.x","article-title":"Argininosuccinate lyase: a new autoantigen in liver disease","volume":"114","author":"Pelli","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70485-8","article-title":"Members of the glutathione S-transferase gene family are antigens in autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"114","author":"Wesierska-Gadek","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib98","first-page":"75","article-title":"Hepatocellular membrane antigens","author":"McFarlane","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840150403","article-title":"The histological features of chronic hepatitis C and autoimmune chronic hepatitis: a comparative analysis","volume":"15","author":"Bach","year":"1992","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840220123","article-title":"Limited usage of T-cell receptor beta chains and sequences of the complementarity determining region 3 of lymphocytes infiltrating in the liver of autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"22","author":"Hoshino","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1016\/S0198-8859(99)00058-0","article-title":"T cell repertoire in the liver of patients with autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"60","author":"Yoshizawa","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hum Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)93306-A","article-title":"T-cell-directed hepatocyte damage in autoimmune chronic active hepatitis","volume":"336","author":"Wen","year":"1990","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840120611","article-title":"The human hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor is a target antigen for liver-infiltrating T cells in autoimmune chronic active hepatitis and primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"12","author":"Lohr","year":"1990","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1992.tb03037.x","article-title":"Liver-infiltrating T helper cells in autoimmune chronic active hepatitis stimulate the production of autoantibodies against the human asialoglycoprotein receptor in vitro","volume":"88","author":"Lohr","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0753-3322(99)80096-1","article-title":"Pathogenesis of autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"53","author":"McFarlane","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0528.2002.017401.x","article-title":"Genetic susceptibilities for immune expression and liver cell injury in autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"174","author":"Czaja","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(90)90079-B","article-title":"A neonatally tolerant mouse model to assess pathogenicity of human autoantibodies","volume":"127","author":"Mundlos","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840090311","article-title":"Immunization of experimental animals with dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase, as a purified recombinant polypeptide, generates mitochondrial antibodies but not primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"9","author":"Krams","year":"1989","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300123","article-title":"Breakdown of tolerance to pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in experimental autoimmune cholangitis: a mouse model of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"30","author":"Jones","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.1999.00762.x","article-title":"Autoreactive cytotoxic T cells in mice are induced by immunization with a conserved mitochondrial enzyme in Freund's complete adjuvant","volume":"97","author":"Karanikas","year":"1999","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.170.6.1919","article-title":"Generation of biliary lesions after transfer of human lymphocytes into severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice","volume":"170","author":"Krams","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250103","article-title":"Quantitative measurement of autoantibodies to recombinant mitochondrial antigens in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis: relationship of levels of autoantibodies to disease progression","volume":"25","author":"Van Norstrand","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840140307","article-title":"Distribution of dihydrolipoamide acetyl-transferase (E2) in the liver and portal lymph nodes of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis: an immunohistochemical study","volume":"14","author":"Joplin","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711760409","article-title":"Subcellular localization of pyruvate dehydrogenase dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase in human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells","volume":"176","author":"Joplin","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5157","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.161.10.5157","article-title":"Monoclonal antibodies to mitochondrial E2 components define autoepitopes in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"161","author":"Migliaccio","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510310106","article-title":"Evidence for a locally driven mucosal response and the presence of mitochondrial antigens in saliva in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"31","author":"Reynoso-Paz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1006\/jaut.1998.0220","article-title":"Penetration and co-localization in MDCK cell mitochondria of IgA derived from patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"11","author":"Malmborg","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.146.1.89","article-title":"Evidence for the targeting by 2-oxo-dehydrogenase enzymes in the T cell response of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"146","author":"Van de Water","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(05)80276-4","article-title":"Autoreactive liver-infiltrating T cells in primary biliary cirrhosis recognize inner mitochondrial epitopes and the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex","volume":"18","author":"Lohr","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.8090","article-title":"Mimicry peptides of human PDC-E2 163-176 peptide, the immunodominant T-cell epitope of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"31","author":"Shimoda","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1831","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI4213","article-title":"Identification and precursor frequency analysis of a common T cell epitope motif in mitochondrial autoantigens in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"102","author":"Shimoda","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib122","first-page":"119","article-title":"Expression of antigens related to apoptosis and cell proliferation in chronic nonsuppurative destructive cholangitis in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"429","author":"Kuroki","year":"1996","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250505","article-title":"Nuclear DNA fragmentation and expression of Bcl-2 in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"25","author":"Koga","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-199807000-00001","article-title":"Pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis: CD95-induced apoptosis at last?","volume":"10","author":"Strater","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250402","article-title":"In situ nucleic acid hybridization of cytokines in primary biliary cirrhosis: predominance of the Th1 subset","volume":"25","author":"Harada","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-199807000-00005","article-title":"Bile duct cells in primary biliary cirrhosis are \u2018primed\u2019 for apoptosis","volume":"10","author":"Graham","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib127","first-page":"1031","article-title":"Abnormal expression of the E2 component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex on the luminal surface of biliary epithelium occurs before major histocompatibility complex class II and BB1\/B7 expression","volume":"21","author":"Tsuneyama","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.3109\/08916939709008028","article-title":"Serum levels of interleukins 8 and 10, interferon gamma, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor and soluble CD23 in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"26","author":"Bansal","year":"1997","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)92024-1","article-title":"Characterisation of a new subgroup of autoimmune chronic active hepatitis by autoantibodies against a soluble liver antigen","volume":"1","author":"Manns","year":"1987","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S256","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.1997.tb00509.x","article-title":"Recent developments in autoimmune liver diseases","volume":"12","author":"Manns","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018809431189","article-title":"Anti-nuclear antibodies and patterns of nuclear immunofluorescence in type 1 autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"42","author":"Czaja","year":"1997","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-199611000-00012","article-title":"Neutrophil antibodies (pANCA) in chronic liver disease and inflammatory bowel disease: do they react with different antigens?","volume":"8","author":"Seibold","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01296138","article-title":"Lymphocyte subsets in primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"32","author":"Lindor","year":"1987","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.29.4.422","article-title":"Expression of HLA-DR antigens on bile duct epithelium in primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"29","author":"Chapman","year":"1988","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(89)90073-1","article-title":"Peripheral blood and portal tract lymphocyte populations in primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"9","author":"Snook","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5284.94","article-title":"Phenotypic analysis of antigen-specific T lymphocytes (published erratum appears in Science 1998;280:1821)","volume":"274","author":"Altman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-7915(98)80110-6","article-title":"HLA-peptide tetrameric complexes","volume":"10","author":"Ogg","year":"1998","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R63","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI8476","article-title":"MHC class II tetramers identify peptide-specific human CD4(+) T cells proliferating in response to influenza A antigen","volume":"104","author":"Novak","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.1.291","article-title":"Use of soluble peptide-DR4 tetramers to detect synovial T cells specific for cartilage antigens in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"97","author":"Kotzin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22441_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10156","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.18.10156","article-title":"Structural requirements for antigen presentation by mouse CD1","volume":"97","author":"Burdin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"}],"container-title":["Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016508501182715?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016508501182715?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,28]],"date-time":"2024-01-28T06:45:35Z","timestamp":1706424335000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0016508501182715"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]},"references-count":140,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0016508501182715"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/gast.2001.22441","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-5085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0016-5085","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]}}}