{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T08:57:33Z","timestamp":1792659453443,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":173,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,4,1]],"date-time":"2002-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1017619200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gastroenterology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,4]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,21]],"date-time":"2007-02-21T07:18:36Z","timestamp":1172042316000},"page":"1140-1156","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":895,"title":["Systematic review of the comorbidity of irritable bowel syndrome with other disorders: What are the causes and implications?"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"William E.","family":"Whitehead","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olafur","family":"Palsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth R.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.01766.x","article-title":"Intergenerational transmission of gastrointestinal illness behavior","volume":"95","author":"Levy","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(88)80017-9","article-title":"Psychosocial factors in the irritable bowel syndrome: a multivariate study of patients and non-patients with irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"95","author":"Drossman","year":"1988","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib3","first-page":"105","article-title":"Comorbid conditions in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: data from a national IBS awareness registry","volume":"120","author":"Markowitz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.32.7.784","article-title":"More accurate diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome by the use of \u201cnon-colonic\u201d symptomatology","volume":"32","author":"Maxton","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3122","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2001.05258.x","article-title":"Costs of care for irritable bowel syndrome patients in a health maintenance organization","volume":"96","author":"Levy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01303163","article-title":"Irritable bowel-type symptoms in HMO examinees: prevalence, demographics, and clinical correlates","volume":"38","author":"Longstreth","year":"1993","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.01977.x","article-title":"Use of the Functional Bowel Disorder Severity Index (FBDSI) in a study of patients with the irritable bowel syndrome and fibromyalgia","volume":"95","author":"Sperber","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.3109\/01674829609025662","article-title":"Chronic pelvic pain and gynecological symptoms in women with irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"17","author":"Walker","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1080\/00365529950173654","article-title":"The sense of coherence index and the irritable bowel syndrome: a cross-sectional comparison among irritable bowel syndrome patients with and without coexisting fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome non-patients, and controls","volume":"34","author":"Sperber","year":"1999","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.148.1.34","article-title":"Somatization: a spectrum of severity","volume":"148","author":"Katon","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.147.5.552","article-title":"Affective spectrum disorder: does antidepressant response identify a family of disorders with a common pathophysiology?","volume":"147","author":"Hudson","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-9877(95)90263-5","article-title":"The pathogenesis of chronic pain and fatigue syndromes, with special reference to fibromyalgia","volume":"44","author":"Clauw","year":"1995","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib13","first-page":"1260","article-title":"Fibromyalgia syndrome: blueprint for a reliable diagnosis","volume":"36","author":"Yunus","year":"1996","journal-title":"Consultant"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1159\/000007780","article-title":"Nongastrointestinal disorders in the irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"62","author":"Azpiroz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib15","first-page":"29","article-title":"Intestinal and extraintestinal symptoms in functional gastrointestinal disorders","volume":"583","author":"Mayer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Suppl"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780330203","article-title":"The American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of fibromyalgia: report of the Multicenter Criteria Committee","volume":"33","author":"Wolfe","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780380104","article-title":"The prevalence and characteristics of fibromyalgia in the general population","volume":"38","author":"Wolfe","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3541","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.01643.x","article-title":"Fibromyalgia in the irritable bowel syndrome: studies of prevalence and clinical implications","volume":"94","author":"Sperber","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1898","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.01146.x","article-title":"Increased prevalence of sicca complex and fibromyalgia in patients with irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"94","author":"Barton","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/30.3.220","article-title":"Primary fibromyalgia and the irritable bowel syndrome: different expressions of a common pathogenetic process","volume":"30","author":"Veale","year":"1991","journal-title":"Br J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib21","first-page":"62","article-title":"A controlled study of primary fibromyalgia syndrome: clinical features and association with other functional syndromes","volume":"19","author":"Yunus","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Rheumatol Suppl"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-0172(81)90096-2","article-title":"Primary fibromyalgia (fibrositis): clinical study of 50 patients with matched normal controls","volume":"11","author":"Yunus","year":"1981","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib23","first-page":"485","article-title":"Fibromyalgia in men: comparison of clinical features with women","volume":"27","author":"Yunus","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02229708","article-title":"Bowel dysfunction and irritable bowel syndrome in fibromyalgia patients","volume":"15","author":"Sivri","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780380104","article-title":"The prevalence and characteristics of fibromyalgia in the general population","volume":"38","author":"Wolfe","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib26","first-page":"16","article-title":"Coexistence of irritable bowel syndrome and fibromyalgia","volume":"84","author":"Romano","year":"1988","journal-title":"W V Med J"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780260701","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of fibrositis. I. A \u201cblinded,\u201d controlled study of symptoms and tender points","volume":"26","author":"Campbell","year":"1983","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2782","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1987.03390200122026","article-title":"Fibromyalgia syndrome: an emerging but controversial condition","volume":"257","author":"Goldenberg","year":"1987","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01300088","article-title":"Bowel dysfunction in fibromyalgia syndrome","volume":"36","author":"Triadafilopoulos","year":"1991","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.160.2.221","article-title":"Overlapping conditions among patients with chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, and temporomandibular disorder","volume":"160","author":"Aaron","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(92)90265-D","article-title":"Comorbidity of fibromyalgia with medical and psychiatric disorders","volume":"92","author":"Hudson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-108-3-387","article-title":"Chronic fatigue syndrome: a working case definition","volume":"108","author":"Holmes","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/170.1.1","article-title":"Chronic fatigue syndrome: point and counterpoint","volume":"170","author":"Straus","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.159.18.2129","article-title":"A community-based study on chronic fatigue syndrome","volume":"159","author":"Jason","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(98)90366-3","article-title":"The relationship between temporomandibular disorders and stress-associated syndromes","volume":"86","author":"Korszun","year":"1998","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib36","first-page":"512","article-title":"Prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome in chronic fatigue","volume":"30","author":"Gomborone","year":"1996","journal-title":"J R Coll Physicians London"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-199811000-00017","article-title":"Chronic fatigue syndrome in psychiatric patients: lifetime and premorbid personal history of physical health","volume":"60","author":"Endicott","year":"1998","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib38","first-page":"24","article-title":"Comorbid clinical conditions in chronic fatigue: a co-twin control study","volume":"16","author":"Aaron","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(98)00218-3","article-title":"The role of depression in pain, psychophysiological syndromes and medically unexplained symptoms associated with chronic fatigue syndrome","volume":"55","author":"Morriss","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A66","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(08)80328-9","article-title":"Comorbid disorders and symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) compared to other gastroenterology patients","volume":"120","author":"Jones","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S65","DOI":"10.1080\/0167482X.1991.11742721","article-title":"The prevalence of chronic pelvic pain and irritable bowel syndrome in two university clinics","volume":"12","author":"Walker","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1999.tb08141.x","article-title":"Patterns of diagnosis and referral in women consulting for chronic pelvic pain in U.K. primary care","volume":"106","author":"Zondervan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01536421","article-title":"Irritable bowel syndrome in women having diagnostic laparoscopy or hysterectomy: relation to gynecologic features and outcome","volume":"35","author":"Longstreth","year":"1990","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.30.7.996","article-title":"Gynaecological consultation in patients with the irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"30","author":"Prior","year":"1989","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib45","first-page":"301","article-title":"Research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders: review, criteria, examinations and specifications","volume":"6","author":"Dworkin","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Craniomandib Disord"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(88)90066-8","article-title":"An epidemiological comparison of pain complaints","volume":"32","author":"Von Korff","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7152.190","article-title":"Temporomandibular disorders: a clinical update","volume":"317","author":"Dimitroulis","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"Suppl 5A","key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(99)80332-X","article-title":"Interstitial cystitis: unexplained associations with other chronic disease and pain syndromes","volume":"49","author":"Alagiri","year":"1997","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01303162","article-title":"householder survey of functional gastrointestinal disorders: prevalence, sociodemography, and health impacts","volume":"38","author":"Drossman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1820","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01536698","article-title":"Irritable bowel syndrome in the gynecological clinic: survey of 798 new referrals","volume":"34","author":"Prior","year":"1989","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.43.6.770","article-title":"Irritable bowel syndrome, gastro-oesophageal reflux, and bronchial hyper-responsiveness in the general population","volume":"43","author":"Kennedy","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-134-9_Part_2-200105011-00011","article-title":"A review of the evidence for overlap among unexplained clinical conditions","volume":"134","author":"Aaron","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.14.2.125","article-title":"Pain from distension of the pelvic colon by inflating a balloon in the irritable colon syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Ritchie","year":"1973","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01395503","article-title":"Irritable bowel syndrome: physiological and psychological differences between diarrhea-predominant and constipation-predominant patients","volume":"25","author":"Whitehead","year":"1980","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(95)90267-8","article-title":"Altered rectal perception is a biological marker of patients with irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"109","author":"Mertz","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"Suppl A","key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15A","DOI":"10.1155\/1999\/707105","article-title":"The autonomic nervous system in functional bowel disorders","volume":"13","author":"Tougas","year":"1999","journal-title":"Can J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2120","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1997.v112.agast972120","article-title":"Irritable bowel syndrome: a technical review for practice guideline development","volume":"112","author":"Drossman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.42.1.42","article-title":"Postprandial plasma 5-hydroxytryptamine in diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: a pilot study","volume":"42","author":"Bearcroft","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.44.3.400","article-title":"The role of psychological and biological factors in postinfective gut dysfunction","volume":"44","author":"Gwee","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.314.7083.779","article-title":"Prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms six months after bacterial gastroenteritis and risk factors for development of the irritable bowel syndrome: postal survey of patients","volume":"314","author":"Neal","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"Suppl A","key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47A","DOI":"10.1155\/1999\/916075","article-title":"Stress, inflammation and the irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Collins","year":"1999","journal-title":"Can J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib62","first-page":"616","article-title":"Alterations in colonic function in man under stress. I. Experimental production of changes simulating the \u201cirritable colon.\u201d","volume":"8","author":"Almy","year":"1947","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.33.6.825","article-title":"Effects of stressful life events on bowel symptoms: subjects with irritable bowel syndrome compared with subjects without bowel dysfunction","volume":"33","author":"Whitehead","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-199704000-00002","article-title":"Irritable bowel syndrome and sexual\/physical abuse history","volume":"9","author":"Drossman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00346219","article-title":"Prevalence of sexual abuse among patients with functional disorders of the lower gastrointestinal tract","volume":"10","author":"Leroi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.150.10.1502","article-title":"Histories of sexual victimization in patients with irritable bowel syndrome or inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"150","author":"Walker","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Psych"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)90332-U","article-title":"Tolerance for rectosigmoid distention in irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"98","author":"Whitehead","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(87)90434-3","article-title":"Patients with irritable bowel syndrome have greater pain tolerance than normal subjects","volume":"93","author":"Cook","year":"1987","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(99)00215-8","article-title":"Differences in somatic perception in female patients with irritable bowel syndrome with and without fibromyalgia","volume":"84","author":"Chang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026682113096","article-title":"Visceral algesia in irritable bowel syndrome, fibromyalgia, and sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, type III","volume":"44","author":"Chun","year":"1999","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2865","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.02318.x","article-title":"Autonomic regulation of cardiac function during sleep in patients with irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"95","author":"Orr","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1080\/00365529850171800","article-title":"Spectral analysis of heart rate variability in patients with irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"33","author":"Karling","year":"1998","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.00861.x","article-title":"Characterization of autonomic dysfunction in patients with irritable bowel syndrome by means of heart rate variability studies","volume":"94","author":"Adeyemi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(94)90753-6","article-title":"Predominant symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome correlate with specific autonomic nervous system abnormalities","volume":"106","author":"Aggarwal","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/0753-3322(90)90043-9","article-title":"Altered skin temperature and electromyographic activity in the irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"44","author":"McAllister","year":"1990","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib76","first-page":"122","article-title":"Autonomic nervous system reactivity in irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"19","author":"Punyabati","year":"2000","journal-title":"Indian J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2093","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018871617483","article-title":"Evidence for autonomic nervous system imbalance in women with irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"43","author":"Heitkemper","year":"1998","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018848122993","article-title":"Abnormal vagal cholinergic function and psychological behaviors in irritable bowel syndrome patients: a hospital-based Oriental study","volume":"43","author":"Lee","year":"1998","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)91792-2","article-title":"Abnormal vagal function in irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"29","author":"Smart","year":"1987","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010671514618","article-title":"Autonomic nervous system function in women with irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"46","author":"Heitkemper","year":"2001","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02267720","article-title":"Comparison of heart rate variability in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and controls","volume":"7","author":"Yataco","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Auton Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0940057","article-title":"Long- and short-term blood pressure and RR-interval variability and psychosomatic distress in chronic fatigue syndrome","volume":"94","author":"Duprez","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Colch)"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02318380","article-title":"Autonomic function in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome","volume":"9","author":"Soetekouw","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Auton Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 3A","key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22S","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(98)00168-5","article-title":"Autonomic testing in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome","volume":"105","author":"De Becker","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(97)00087-9","article-title":"Does the chronic fatigue syndrome involve the autonomic nervous system?","volume":"102","author":"Freeman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01826195","article-title":"Vagal tone is reduced during paced breathing in patients with the chronic fatigue syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Sisto","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Auton Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200008000-00016","article-title":"Autonomic nervous system dysfunction in adolescents with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrome is characterized by attenuated vagal baroreflex and potentiated sympathetic vasomotion","volume":"48","author":"Stewart","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2000.tb06760.x","article-title":"The postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: a potentially treatable cause of chronic fatigue, exercise intolerance, and cognitive impairment in adolescents","volume":"23","author":"Karas","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0870655","article-title":"Sympathetic overactivity in subjects complaining of unexplained fatigue","volume":"87","author":"Pagani","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Colch)"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-0172(00)80010-4","article-title":"Autonomic dysfunction in patients with fibromyalgia: application of power spectral analysis of heart rate variability","volume":"29","author":"Cohen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib91","first-page":"581","article-title":"Abnormal sympathovagal balance in men with fibromyalgia","volume":"28","author":"Cohen","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1966","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199811)41:11<1966::AID-ART11>3.0.CO;2-O","article-title":"Circadian studies of autonomic nervous balance in patients with fibromyalgia: a heart rate variability analysis","volume":"41","author":"Martinez-Lavin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2001.03804.x","article-title":"Colonic motility abnormality in patients with irritable bowel syndrome exhibiting abdominal pain and diarrhea","volume":"96","author":"Chey","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(99)00077-X","article-title":"Symptom patterns in long-duration chronic fatigue syndrome","volume":"48","author":"Friedberg","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70203-3","article-title":"5-Hydroxytryptamine-4 receptor agonists initiate the peristaltic reflex in human, rat, and guinea pig intestine","volume":"115","author":"Grider","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200161030-00001","article-title":"Irritable bowel syndrome: new agents targeting serotonin receptor subtypes","volume":"61","author":"DePonti","year":"2001","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890008995932","article-title":"Evidence-based data on pain relief with antidepressants","volume":"32","author":"Fishbain","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(99)00299-5","article-title":"Treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders with antidepressant medications: a meta-analysis","volume":"108","author":"Jackson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.01936.x","article-title":"What determines severity among patients with painful functional bowel disorders?","volume":"95","author":"Drossman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A636","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(08)83160-5","article-title":"Extra-intestinal symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)","volume":"120","author":"Zaman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.27.1.37","article-title":"Non-colonic features of irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"27","author":"Whorwell","year":"1986","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-113-11-828","article-title":"Sexual and physical abuse in women with functional or organic gastrointestinal disorders","volume":"113","author":"Drossman","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01303163","article-title":"Irritable bowel-type symptoms in HMO examinees: prevalence, demographics, and clinical correlates","volume":"38","author":"Longstreth","year":"1993","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib104","first-page":"48","article-title":"Sexual and physical abuse history in subjects with temporomandibular disorders: relationship to clinical variables, pain sensitivity, and psychologic factors","volume":"11","author":"Fillingim","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Orofac Pain"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib105","first-page":"259","article-title":"Effects of physical and sexual abuse in facial pain: direct or mediated? Cranio","volume":"16","author":"Riley","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Craniomandibular Practice"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.42.1.21","article-title":"Victimization in chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia in tertiary care: a controlled study on prevalence and characteristics","volume":"42","author":"Van Houdenhove","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780380211","article-title":"The prevalence of sexual abuse in women with fibromyalgia","volume":"38","author":"Taylor","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3182(95)71608-5","article-title":"Psychiatric diagnoses and sexual victimization in women with chronic pelvic pain","volume":"36","author":"Walker","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1159\/000012318","article-title":"Chronic pelvic pain as a somatoform disorder","volume":"68","author":"Ehlert","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychother Psychosom"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1097\/00002508-199906000-00004","article-title":"Self-reported abuse history and pain complaints among young adults","volume":"15","author":"Fillingim","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.1.1999.8.955","article-title":"Domestic violence and sexual abuse in women physicians: associated medical, psychiatric, and professional difficulties","volume":"8","author":"Doyle","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Womens Health Gend Based Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1300\/J013v25n03_03","article-title":"Physical symptoms, somatization, and dissociation in women survivors of childhood sexual assault","volume":"25","author":"Farley","year":"1997","journal-title":"Women Health"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib113","first-page":"1","article-title":"The functional GI disorders and the Rome II process","author":"Drossman","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70099-X","article-title":"Is rectal pain sensitivity a biological marker for irritable bowel syndrome: psychological influences on pain perception","volume":"115","author":"Whitehead","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01307536","article-title":"Altered esophageal pain threshold in irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"38","author":"Constantini","year":"1993","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02064986","article-title":"Visceral perception in irritable bowel syndrome: rectal and gastric responses to distension and serotonin type 3 antagonism","volume":"40","author":"Zighelboim","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(95)90434-4","article-title":"Selective dysfunction of mechanosensitive intestinal afferents in irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"108","author":"Accarino","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.29.9.1236","article-title":"Dysmotility of the small intestine in irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"29","author":"Kellow","year":"1988","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(86)90685-2","article-title":"Abnormal sensory perception in patients with esophageal chest pain","volume":"91","author":"Richter","year":"1986","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib120","first-page":"485","article-title":"Impaired small intestinal peristaltic reflexes and sensory thresholds are independent functional disturbances in patients with chronic unexplained dyspepsia","volume":"91","author":"Holtmann","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00346219","article-title":"Prevalence of sexual abuse among patients with functional disorders of the lower gastrointestinal tract","volume":"10","author":"Leroi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529209165425","article-title":"Gastric emptying and dyspeptic symptoms in the irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"27","author":"van Wijk","year":"1992","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005487821063","article-title":"Role of anger in antral motor activity in irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"45","author":"Welgan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib124","first-page":"293","article-title":"The irritable bowel syndrome: a paroxysmal motor disorder","volume":"2","author":"Kumar","year":"1985","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(87)90620-2","article-title":"Altered small bowel motility in irritable bowel syndrome is correlated with symptoms","volume":"92","author":"Kellow","year":"1987","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01295908","article-title":"Voluntary suppression of defecation delays gastric emptying","volume":"38","author":"Tjeerdsma","year":"1993","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib127","first-page":"969","article-title":"Irritable bowel syndrome and dyspepsia in the general population: overlap and lack of stability over time","volume":"110","author":"Agreus","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-7258(98)00021-7","article-title":"Functional gut disorders: from motility to sensitivity disorders. A review of current investigational drugs for their management","volume":"80","author":"Di Ponti","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)90822-I","article-title":"Existence of irritable bowel syndrome supported by factor analysis of symptoms in two community samples","volume":"98","author":"Whitehead","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2647","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02220455","article-title":"Gastrointestinal syndromes defined by factor analysis: gender and race comparisons","volume":"40","author":"Taub","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/S0950-3528(98)90017-3","article-title":"Is functional dyspepsia just a subset of the irritable bowel syndrome?","volume":"12","author":"Whitehead","year":"1998","journal-title":"Baillieres Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.02075.x","article-title":"Gastrointestinal symptoms and subjects cluster into distinct upper and lower groupings in the community: a four nations study","volume":"95","author":"Talley","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.42.5.690","article-title":"Identification of distinct upper and lower gastrointestinal symptom groupings in an urban population","volume":"42","author":"Talley","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v57n1204","article-title":"Comorbidity of posttraumatic stress disorder and irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"57","author":"Irwin","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3182(93)71884-8","article-title":"Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"34","author":"Lydiard","year":"1993","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700033225","article-title":"Psychiatric diagnoses, sexual and physical victimization, and disability in patients with irritable bowel syndrome or inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"25","author":"Walker","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1656","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.147.12.1656","article-title":"Psychiatric illness and irritable bowel syndrome: a comparison with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"147","author":"Walker","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Psych"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib138","first-page":"175","article-title":"Anxiety and the gastrointestinal system","volume":"8","author":"Fossey","year":"1990","journal-title":"Psychiatric Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib139","first-page":"151","article-title":"The irritable colon syndrome and psychiatric illness","volume":"34","author":"Liss","year":"1973","journal-title":"Dis Nerv Sys"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3182(98)71380-5","article-title":"The relationship between irritable bowel syndrome and psychiatric illness: a family study","volume":"39","author":"Woodman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1192\/S0007125000298371","article-title":"Comorbidity of DSM-III-R major depressive disorder in the general population: results from the U.S. National Comorbidity Survey","volume":"130","author":"Kessler","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199910283411801","article-title":"An international study of the relation between somatic symptoms and depression","volume":"341","author":"Simon","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 1A","key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26S","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(92)90133-V","article-title":"Comorbidity of gastrointestinal complaints, depression and anxiety in the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) study","volume":"92","author":"Walker","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1988.01800360017003","article-title":"The Composite International Diagnostic Interview: an epidemiologic instrument suitable for use in conjunction with different diagnostic systems and in different cultures","volume":"45","author":"Robins","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib145","first-page":"486","article-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.145.11.1358","article-title":"Somatization: the concept and its clinical application","volume":"145","author":"Lipowski","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.42.1.63","article-title":"Somatization: a debilitating syndrome in primary care","volume":"42","author":"Allen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-199411000-00010","article-title":"Modeling and reinforcement of the sick role during childhood predicts adult illness behavior","volume":"56","author":"Whitehead","year":"1994","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01296915","article-title":"Learned illness behavior in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and peptic ulcer","volume":"27","author":"Whitehead","year":"1982","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1080\/0097840X.1978.10545983","article-title":"Effects of psychological distress on perceptions of physical health and use of medical and psychiatric facilities","volume":"4","author":"Mechanic","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Hum Stress"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.02075.x","article-title":"Gastrointestinal symptoms and subjects cluster into distinct upper and lower groupings in the community: a four nations study","volume":"95","author":"Talley","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib152","first-page":"2000","article-title":"Validation of Rome criteria for functional gastrointestinal disorders by factor analysis","volume":"91","author":"Palsson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199710000-00003","article-title":"Latent variable models of functional somatic distress","volume":"185","author":"Robbins","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Nerv Mental Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-130-11-199906010-00016","article-title":"Functional somatic syndromes","volume":"130","author":"Barsky","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)08320-2","article-title":"Functional somatic syndromes: one or many?","volume":"354","author":"Wessely","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib156","first-page":"24","article-title":"Visceral nociception: consequences, modulation and the future","volume":"10","author":"Gebhart","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol"},{"issue":"Suppl A","key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18A","DOI":"10.1155\/1999\/375916","article-title":"Corticotropin-releasing factor and the brain-gut motor response to stress","volume":"13","author":"Tache","year":"1999","journal-title":"Can J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.47.6.861","article-title":"The neurobiology of stress and gastrointestinal disease","volume":"47","author":"Mayer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)90341-4","article-title":"Psychometric scores and persistence of irritable bowel after infectious diarrhoea","volume":"347","author":"Gwee","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.48.1.14","article-title":"Impaired transit and tolerance of intestinal gas in the IBS","volume":"141","author":"Serra","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-199805000-00007","article-title":"Presidential address: gastrointestinal illness and the biopsychosocial model","volume":"60","author":"Drossman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib162","first-page":"485","article-title":"Toward a biobehavioral model of visceral hypersensitivity in IBS","volume":"45","author":"Naliboff","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1159\/000007471","article-title":"Sexual dysfunction in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and non-ulcer dyspepsia","volume":"59","author":"Fass","year":"1998","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-199905000-00009","article-title":"Irritable bowel syndrome in patients with dyspepsia: a community-based study in southern Europe","volume":"11","author":"Caballero-Plasencia","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1080\/00365529850171819","article-title":"Functional gastrointestinal disorders and eating disorders: relevance of the association in clinical management","volume":"33","author":"Porcelli","year":"1998","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529309096092","article-title":"Functional gastrointestinal disorders in unselected patients with non-cardiac chest pain","volume":"28","author":"Scott","year":"1993","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.3109\/00365528509089702","article-title":"Upper gastrointestinal and mental symptoms in the irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"20","author":"Svedlund","year":"1985","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.3109\/00365528509088842","article-title":"The association between non-ulcer dyspepsia and other gastrointestinal disorders","volume":"20","author":"Talley","year":"1985","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.3109\/00365528909093072","article-title":"Predictors for the course of chronic non-organic upper abdominal pain","volume":"24","author":"Sloth","year":"1989","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(92)90764-P","article-title":"Dyspepsia and dyspepsia subgroups: a population-based study","volume":"102","author":"Talley","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.35.2.191","article-title":"A database on dyspepsia","volume":"35","author":"Crean","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib172","first-page":"65","article-title":"Functional bowel disorders: are they independent diagnoses?","author":"Whitehead","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32392_bib173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(93)90082-Q","article-title":"Non-alimentary aspects of the irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"37","author":"Nyhlin","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"}],"container-title":["Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016508502801895?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016508502801895?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]],"date-time":"2019-04-24T16:21:45Z","timestamp":1556122905000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0016508502801895"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,4]]},"references-count":173,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0016508502801895"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/gast.2002.32392","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-5085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0016-5085","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,4]]}}}