{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T07:18:31Z","timestamp":1787987911797,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,1]],"date-time":"2004-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1101859200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,1]],"date-time":"2004-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1101859200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajkd.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Kidney Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,13]],"date-time":"2005-12-13T11:16:10Z","timestamp":1134472570000},"page":"1050-1059","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["New subcategories of class IV lupus nephritis: Are there clinical, histologic, and outcome differences?"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Bharati","family":"Mittal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shelley","family":"Hurwitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helmut","family":"Rennke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajay K.","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2004.00443.x","article-title":"The classification of glomerulonephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus revisited","volume":"65","author":"Weening","year":"2004","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib2","series-title":"Renal Disease","first-page":"127","author":"Churg","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1987.203","article-title":"The prognosis of segmental glomerulonephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"32","author":"Schwartz","year":"1987","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2156","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2001.00730.x","article-title":"Significance of histologic patterns of glomerular injury upon long-term prognosis in severe lupus glomerulonephritis","volume":"59","author":"Najafi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(00)70262-9","article-title":"Factors predictive of outcome in severe lupus nephritis. Lupus Nephritis Collaborative Study Group","volume":"35","author":"Korbet","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(83)90338-8","article-title":"Prognostic factors in lupus nephritis. Contribution of renal histologic data","volume":"75","author":"Austin","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib7","first-page":"779","article-title":"The clinical and renal biopsy predictors of long-term outcome in lupus nephritis","volume":"72","author":"Esdaile","year":"1989","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780350606","article-title":"The derivation of the SLEDAI. A disease activity index for lupus patients","volume":"35","author":"Bombardier","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib9","first-page":"1620","article-title":"High-risk features of lupus nephritis","volume":"10","author":"Austin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib10","first-page":"5","article-title":"Focal segmental lupus nephritis","volume":"17","author":"Grishman","year":"1982","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib11","first-page":"379A","article-title":"Difference between class IV diffuse segmental (DS) and diffuse global (DG) proliferative lupus nephritis","volume":"14","author":"Hill","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib12","first-page":"71","article-title":"Intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide treatment of severe lupus nephritis","volume":"42","author":"Valeri","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1997.162","article-title":"Cyclophosphamide therapy for lupus nephritis: Poor renal survival in black Americans. Glomerular Disease Collaborative Network","volume":"51","author":"Dooley","year":"1997","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1986.108","article-title":"Correlation of renal histology with outcome in children with lupus nephritis","volume":"29","author":"Rush","year":"1986","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(87)90645-0","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of patients with lupus nephritis. A study based on the classification of the World Health Organization","volume":"83","author":"Appel","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780330708","article-title":"Contribution of renal biopsy data in predicting outcome in lupus nephritis. Analysis of 116 patients","volume":"33","author":"Nossent","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1984.75","article-title":"Diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis","volume":"25","author":"Austin","year":"1984","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1177\/096120339500400306","article-title":"Factors associated with chronic renal failure in 121 patients with diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis","volume":"4","author":"Arce-Salinas","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib19","first-page":"907","article-title":"Predictors of one year outcome in lupus nephritis","volume":"81","author":"Esdaile","year":"1991","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-116-2-114","article-title":"Progression and remission of renal disease in the Lupus Nephritis Collaborative Study. Results of treatment with prednisone and short-term oral cyclophosphamide","volume":"116","author":"Levey","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198506203122502","article-title":"Radioimmunoassay of the attack complex of complement in serum from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"312","author":"Falk","year":"1985","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-0172(95)80017-4","article-title":"Lupus in the 1980s: III. Influence of clinical variables, biopsy, and treatment on the outcome in 150 patients with lupus nephritis seen at a single center","volume":"25","author":"Neumann","year":"1995","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1177\/096120339200100403","article-title":"Can experienced clinicians predict the outcome of lupus nephritis?","volume":"1","author":"Esdaile","year":"1992","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V102413","article-title":"Lupus nephritis","volume":"10","author":"Cameron","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib25","first-page":"263","article-title":"Long-term prognosis of diffuse lupus nephritis","volume":"28","author":"Ponticelli","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027_bib26","series-title":"Renal Disease","first-page":"151","author":"Churg","year":"1995"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Kidney Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0272638604012624?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0272638604012624?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T01:28:40Z","timestamp":1759454920000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0272638604012624"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0272638604012624"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027","relation":{},"ISSN":["0272-6386"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0272-6386","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"New subcategories of class IV lupus nephritis: Are there clinical, histologic, and outcome differences?","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Kidney Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.08.027","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2004 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}