{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:07:29Z","timestamp":1791418049393,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":112,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,1]],"date-time":"2005-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1114905600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,1]],"date-time":"2005-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1114905600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajkd.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Kidney Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,13]],"date-time":"2005-12-13T10:49:37Z","timestamp":1134470977000},"page":"804-817","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":367,"title":["Antiviral Drug-Induced Nephrotoxicity"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Hassane","family":"Izzedine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Launay-Vacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilbert","family":"Deray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib1","series-title":"Diseases of the Kidney","first-page":"1031","article-title":"The cellular basis of nephrotoxicity","author":"Weinberg","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(83)90618-6","article-title":"Hospital-acquired renal insufficiency","volume":"74","author":"Hou","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00254115","article-title":"Acute renal failure in the intensive care unit. Part 1","volume":"14","author":"Corwin","year":"1988","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-2277.1989.tb01871.x","article-title":"Tubulointerstitial nephritis caused by the antiviral agent foscarnet","volume":"2","author":"Nyberg","year":"1989","journal-title":"Transpl Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)64137-2","article-title":"Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in a patient taking cidofovir","volume":"350","author":"Schliefer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02600132","article-title":"Electrolyte and acid-base disorders associated with AIDS","volume":"9","author":"Perazella","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(96)90389-3","article-title":"Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis with acute renal failure associated with alpha-interferon therapy","volume":"28","author":"Coroneos","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2669","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19990615)85:12<2669::AID-CNCR27>3.0.CO;2-7","article-title":"Interferon-alpha-associated focal segmental glomerulosclerosis with massive proteinuria in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia following high dose chemotherapy","volume":"85","author":"Jadoul","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)92253-E","article-title":"Foscarnet and crystals in glomerular capillary lumens","volume":"336","author":"Beaufils","year":"1990","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.1998.v32.pm9740154","article-title":"Identification of crystals in kidneys of AIDS patients treated with foscarnet","volume":"32","author":"Maurice-Estepa","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1038\/12487","article-title":"MRP4","volume":"5","author":"Schuetz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)39144-X","article-title":"Rat multispecific organic anion transporter 1 (rOAT1) transports zidovudine, acyclovir, and other antiviral nucleoside analogs","volume":"294","author":"Wada","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.56.3.570","article-title":"The antiviral nucleotide analogs cidofovir and adefovir dipivoxil are novel substrates for human and rat renal organic anion transporter 1","volume":"56","author":"Cihlar","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V113383","article-title":"Cytotoxicity of antiviral nucleotides adefovir dipivoxil and cidofovir is induced by the expression of human renal organic anion transporter 1","volume":"11","author":"Ho","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-3542(01)00210-8","article-title":"Tenofovir exhibits low cytotoxicity in various human cell types","volume":"54","author":"Cihlar","year":"2002","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib16","series-title":"ICAAC","article-title":"Antiviral acyclic nucleotide analogs (ANAs) tenofovir and adefovir are substrates for human kidney organic anion, but not cation transporters","author":"Cihlar","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cgt.7700511","article-title":"A tandemly repeated thyroglobulin core promoter has potential to enhance efficacy for tissue-specific gene therapy for thyroid carcinomas","volume":"9","author":"Takeda","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7476","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.120159197","article-title":"Multidrug-resistance protein 5 is a multispecific organic anion transporter able to transport nucleotide analogs","volume":"97","author":"Wijnholds","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30069","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M005463200","article-title":"The multidrug resistance protein 5 functions as an ATP-dependent export pump for cyclic nucleotides","volume":"275","author":"Jedlitschky","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9236(96)90183-6","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of lamivudine administered alone and with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole","volume":"59","author":"Moore","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1042\/bj20020494","article-title":"Impaired 2\u2019,3\u2019-dideoxy-3\u2019-thiacytidine accumulation in T-lymphoblastoid cells as a mechanism of acquired resistance independent of multidrug resistant protein 4 with a possible role for ATP-binding cassette C11","volume":"368","author":"Turriziani","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11511","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.20.11511","article-title":"Reconsidering targeted toxins to eliminate HIV infection","volume":"95","author":"Berger","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-2736(96)00234-9","article-title":"Interaction of anionic cephalosporines with the intestinal and renal peptide transporters PEPT1 and PEPT2","volume":"1324","author":"Ganapathy","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1081\/JDI-100104739","article-title":"Interferon alpha2b increases paracellular permeability of renal proximal tubular LLC-PK1 cells via a mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway","volume":"23","author":"Lechner","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4490","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M307938200","article-title":"Mitochondrial expression of the human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT1) results in enhanced mitochondrial toxicity of antiviral drugs","volume":"279","author":"Lai","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F902","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00215.2002","article-title":"Localization of human equilibrative nucleoside transporters, hENT1 and hENT2, in renal epithelial cells","volume":"284","author":"Mangravite","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Ren Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4157(96)00008-1","article-title":"Nucleoside and nucleobase transport systems of mammalian cells","volume":"1286","author":"Griffith","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-126-4-199702150-00002","volume":"126","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-199804010-00008","article-title":"Randomized, controlled study of the safety and efficacy of intravenous cidofovir for the treatment of relapsing cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with AIDS","volume":"17","author":"Lalezari","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.6.1247","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics of cidofovir in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients","volume":"39","author":"Cundy","year":"1995","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2401","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.11.2401","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics of adefovir dipivoxil in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients","volume":"39","author":"Cundy","year":"1995","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200109070-00013","article-title":"Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS. The safety and efficacy of adefovir dipivoxil in patients with adefovir dipivoxil and HIV disease: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"15","author":"Fisher","year":"2001","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200404300-00019","article-title":"Renal safety of tenofovir in HIV treatment-experienced patients","volume":"18","author":"Izzedine","year":"2004","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V97.2.388","article-title":"Cidofovir for cytomegalovirus infection and disease in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients","volume":"97","author":"Ljungman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib35","series-title":"Vistid\u00ae package insert","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2004.19.5.714","article-title":"Fanconi\u2019s syndrome in HIV+ adults","volume":"19","author":"Earle","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1846","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.8.1846","article-title":"Fanconi syndrome associated with cidofovir therapy","volume":"41","author":"Vittecoq","year":"1997","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1086\/520475","article-title":"Cidofovir-induced end-stage renal failure","volume":"29","author":"Vandercam","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/54.1.12","article-title":"Gilead issues new warnings about cidofovir nephrotoxicity","volume":"54","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2305","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.24.2305","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of adefovir dipivoxil with antiretroviral therapy","volume":"282","author":"Kahn","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199958030-00010","article-title":"Adefovir dipivoxil","volume":"58","author":"Noble","year":"1999","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)05840-8","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of adefovir dipivoxil in patients co-infected with HIV-1 and lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus","volume":"358","author":"Benhamou","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfg505","article-title":"The renal tolerance of low-dose adefovir dipivoxil by lamivudine-resistant individuals co-infected with hepatitis B and HIV","volume":"19","author":"Hannon","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2004.00866.x","article-title":"Renal safety of adefovir dipivoxil in patients with chronic hepatitis B","volume":"66","author":"Izzedine","year":"2004","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1053\/hupa.2001.25586","article-title":"Adefovir dipivoxil nephrotoxicity","volume":"32","author":"Tanji","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200206140-00008","article-title":"Tenofovir DF in antiretroviral-experienced patients","volume":"16","author":"Schooley","year":"2002","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2733","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.10.2733-2739.2001","article-title":"Phase I\/II trial of the pharmacokinetics, safety, and antiretroviral activity of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults","volume":"45","author":"Barditch-Crovo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.292.2.191","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of tenofovir DF vs stavudine in combination therapy in antiretroviral-naive patients","volume":"292","author":"Gallant","year":"2004","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib49","unstructured":"Izzedine H, Hulot JS, Vittecoq D, et al: Long term renal safety profile of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in antiretroviral naive, HIV-1 infected patients: Data derived from a double-blind randomized active-controlled multicenter study. Nephrol Dial Transplant (in press)"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.63.5.1094","article-title":"Characterization of the transport of nucleoside analog drugs by the human multidrug resistance proteins MRP4 and MRP5","volume":"63","author":"Reid","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.56.2.383","article-title":"Interactions of HIV protease inhibitors with ATP-dependent drug export proteins","volume":"56","author":"Gutmann","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1159\/000167987","article-title":"Foscarnet nephrotoxicity","volume":"9","author":"Deray","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib53","first-page":"S11","article-title":"Review of the toxicities of foscarnet","volume":"5","author":"Jacobson","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.33.5.736","article-title":"Foscarnet treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome","volume":"33","author":"Jacobson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199201233260401","article-title":"Mortality in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome treated with either foscarnet or ganciclovir for cytomegalovirus retinitis","volume":"326","year":"1992","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199108223250805","article-title":"A controlled trial comparing foscarnet with vidarabine for acyclovir-resistant mucocutaneous herpes simplex in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome","volume":"325","author":"Safrin","year":"1991","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.9.2008","article-title":"Foscarnet alters antidiuretic hormone-mediated transport","volume":"39","author":"Hoch","year":"1995","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199301000-00024","article-title":"Dideoxyinosine-associated nephrotoxicity","volume":"7","author":"Crowther","year":"1993","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E174","DOI":"10.1086\/379829","article-title":"Tenofovir-related Fanconi syndrome with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome","volume":"37","author":"Rollot","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200101050-00027","article-title":"Renal tubular acidosis and hypophosphataemia after treatment with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors","volume":"15","author":"Morris","year":"2001","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib61","first-page":"175","article-title":"Safety of pamidronate in patients with renal failure and hypercalcemia","volume":"45","author":"Machado","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.ndt.a027276","article-title":"Crystalluria","volume":"11","author":"Fogazzi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-200306000-00006","article-title":"Drug-induced renal failure","volume":"325","author":"Perazella","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V191061","article-title":"Renal aspects of therapy for human immunodeficiency virus and associated opportunistic infections","volume":"1","author":"Berns","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(88)90313-0","article-title":"Acyclovir-induced renal failure. Clinical course and histology","volume":"84","author":"Sawyer","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(82)90086-9","article-title":"Acyclovir tolerance in humans","volume":"73","author":"Keeney","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/151.2.362","article-title":"Adverse effects of high-dose intravenous acyclovir in ambulatory patients with acute herpes zoster","volume":"151","author":"Bean","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib68","first-page":"F360","article-title":"Cyclooxygenase-2 expression and function in the medullary thick ascending limb","volume":"277","author":"Ferreri","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-108-2-312_1","article-title":"Low-dose acyclovir and acute renal failure","volume":"108","author":"Giustina","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199110173251617","article-title":"Acute renal failure and coma after a high dose of oral acyclovir","volume":"325","author":"Eck","year":"1991","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(82)90087-0","article-title":"Renal function after acyclovir intravenous injection","volume":"73","author":"Brigden","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-199301000-00007","article-title":"Case report","volume":"305","author":"Krieble","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199701093360215","article-title":"Indinavir nephropathy","volume":"336","author":"Tashima","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib74","first-page":"194","article-title":"Indinavir nephropathy in an AIDS patient with renal insufficiency and pyuria","volume":"50","author":"Perazella","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)62506-8","article-title":"Urinary stones in HIV-1-positive patients treated with indinavir","volume":"349","author":"Daudon","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-127-2-199707150-00004","article-title":"Crystalluria and urinary tract abnormalities associated with indinavir","volume":"127","author":"Kopp","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-199703010-00017","article-title":"Indinavir nephrolithiasis in warm climates","volume":"14","author":"Bach","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(97)90316-4","article-title":"Acute renal failure due to indinavir crystalluria and nephrolithiasis","volume":"30","author":"Berns","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1086\/516978","article-title":"Renal dysfunction in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient who was treated with indinavir","volume":"25","author":"Grunke","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E23","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2001.27732","article-title":"Indinavir nephropathy revisited","volume":"38","author":"Reilly","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib81","series-title":"Gancyclovir","author":"Lacy","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199104113241501","article-title":"A randomized, controlled trial of prophylactic ganciclovir for cytomegalovirus pulmonary infection in recipients of allogeneic bone marrow transplants","volume":"324","author":"Schmidt","year":"1991","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198811243192107","article-title":"Acute renal failure during therapy with recombinant human gamma interferon","volume":"319","author":"Ault","year":"1988","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1159\/000187894","article-title":"Minimal-change glomerulopathy and glomerular visceral epithelial hyperplasia associated with alpha-interferon therapy for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma","volume":"67","author":"Traynor","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2049","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/14.8.2049","article-title":"Another case of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in an acutely uraemic patient following interferon therapy","volume":"14","author":"Dressler","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V104752","article-title":"IFN-gamma mediates crescent formation and cell-mediated immune injury in murine glomerulonephritis","volume":"10","author":"Kitching","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200124070-00002","article-title":"Drug-induced thrombotic microangiopathy","volume":"24","author":"Pisoni","year":"2001","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198401053100107","article-title":"Acute interstitial nephritis with the nephrotic syndrome following recombinant leukocyte a interferon therapy for mycosis fungoides","volume":"310","author":"Averbuch","year":"1984","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)92327-4","article-title":"Recombinant leucocyte interferon A induces steroid-resistant acute vascular rejection episodes in renal transplant recipients","volume":"1","author":"Kramer","year":"1984","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-115-3-178","article-title":"Autoimmunity after alpha-interferon therapy for malignant carcinoid tumors","volume":"115","author":"Ronnblom","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib91","first-page":"1781","article-title":"Potential role for antiphospholipid antibodies in renal thrombotic microangiopathy induced by interferon-alpha","volume":"10","author":"Piette","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.160.11.1705","article-title":"Valacyclovir hydrochloride therapy and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in an HIV-infected patient","volume":"160","author":"Rivaud","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199921060-00002","article-title":"Drug-induced diabetes insipidus","volume":"21","author":"Bendz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(96)90369-8","article-title":"Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus and renal tubular acidosis secondary to foscarnet therapy","volume":"27","author":"Navarro","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200306130-00030","article-title":"Latrogenic nephrogenic diabetes insipidus","volume":"17","author":"Singh","year":"2003","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2002.36924","article-title":"Fanconi syndrome and renal failure induced by tenofovir","volume":"40","author":"Verhelst","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1086\/368314","article-title":"Tenofovir-related nephrotoxicity in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients","volume":"36","author":"Karras","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.188.5.797","article-title":"Multidrug resistance protein 1 protects the oropharyngeal mucosal layer and the testicular tubules against drug-induced damage","volume":"188","author":"Wijnholds","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1177\/002215549904700605","article-title":"Tissue and cell distribution of the multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) in mouse intestine and kidney","volume":"47","author":"Peng","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib100","first-page":"5238","article-title":"Disruption of the murine MRP (multidrug resistance protein) gene leads to increased sensitivity to etoposide (VP-16) and increased levels of glutathione","volume":"57","author":"Lorico","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1197-1275","article-title":"Increased sensitivity to anticancer drugs and decreased inflammatory response in mice lacking the multidrug resistance-associated protein","volume":"3","author":"Wijnholds","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)65125-2","article-title":"Renal failure after treatment with ritonavir","volume":"348","author":"Duong","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199701093360214","article-title":"Ritonavir and renal failure","volume":"336","author":"Chugh","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib104","first-page":"457","article-title":"Renal insufficiency induced by ritonavir in HIV-infected patients","volume":"105","author":"Bochet","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib105","first-page":"836","article-title":"Side-effects of ritonavir and its combination with saquinavir with special regard to renal function","volume":"11","author":"Witzke","year":"1997","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)62957-1","article-title":"Pancreatorenal syndrome associated with combination antiretroviral therapy in HIV infection","volume":"349","author":"Stricker","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199902043400515","article-title":"Renal atrophy associated with long-term treatment with indinavir","volume":"340","author":"Hanabusa","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1086\/313728","article-title":"Severe hypertension and renal atrophy associated with indinavir","volume":"30","author":"Cattelan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000131386.38103.37","article-title":"Proximal tubular kidney damage and tenofovir","volume":"18","author":"Saumoy","year":"2004","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.3.716-723.2002","article-title":"Assessment of mitochondrial toxicity in human cells treated with tenofovir","volume":"46","author":"Birkus","year":"2002","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1097\/00041552-199809000-00006","article-title":"Renal transport of organic anions","volume":"7","author":"Roch-Ramel","year":"1998","journal-title":"Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30088","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.48.30088","article-title":"Expression cloning and characterization of ROAT1. The basolateral organic anion transporter in rat kidney","volume":"272","author":"Sweet","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Kidney Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0272638605002532?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0272638605002532?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T01:30:08Z","timestamp":1759455008000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0272638605002532"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"references-count":112,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0272638605002532"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["0272-6386"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0272-6386","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Antiviral Drug-Induced Nephrotoxicity","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Kidney Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2005 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}