{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T08:44:24Z","timestamp":1792658664555,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,1]],"date-time":"2005-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1114905600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,1]],"date-time":"2005-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1114905600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajkd.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Kidney Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,13]],"date-time":"2005-12-13T10:49:37Z","timestamp":1134470977000},"page":"833-841","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["A Dipstick Protein and Specific Gravity Algorithm Accurately Predicts Pathological Proteinuria"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Marigel","family":"Constantiner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashwini R.","family":"Sehgal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Humbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Constantiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lillian","family":"Arce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John R.","family":"Sedor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey R.","family":"Schelling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2003.50007","article-title":"Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and decreased kidney function in the adult US population","volume":"41","author":"Coresh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2002.31388","article-title":"Microalbuminuria in the US population","volume":"39","author":"Jones","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(03)00826-6","article-title":"Proteinuria and other markers of chronic kidney disease","volume":"42","author":"Eknoyan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(74)91002-2","article-title":"Increased urinary albumin-excretion rate in benign essential hypertension","volume":"1","author":"Parving","year":"1974","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2214","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.1999.00773.x","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease and mortality in a community-based cohort with mild renal insufficiency","volume":"56","author":"Culleton","year":"1999","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V133745","article-title":"Renal insufficiency and subsequent death resulting from cardiovascular disease in the United States","volume":"13","author":"Muntner","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(97)90197-9","article-title":"Early detection and treatment of renal disease in hospitalized diabetic and hypertensive patients","volume":"29","author":"McClellan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-130-6-199903160-00002","article-title":"Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group: A more accurate method to estimate glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine: A new prediction equation","volume":"130","author":"Levey","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib9","first-page":"S79","article-title":"Nephropathy in diabetes","volume":"27","author":"Molitch","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198312223092503","article-title":"Use of single voided urine samples to estimate quantitative proteinuria","volume":"309","author":"Ginsberg","year":"1983","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2001.22094","article-title":"A family-based strategy to identify genes for diabetic nephropathy","volume":"37","author":"Covic","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S195","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000070078.66465.55","article-title":"Linkage analysis of candidate loci for end-stage renal disease due to diabetic nephropathy","volume":"14","author":"Iyengar","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1989.tb05166.x","article-title":"Proteinuria\u2014What value is the dipstick?","volume":"63","author":"Harrison","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br J Urol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/S1056-8727(98)00017-8","article-title":"Relationship between dipstick positive proteinuria and albumin:creatinine ratios","volume":"13","author":"Davidson","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Diabetes Complications"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-127-9-199711010-00007","article-title":"Simplified screening for microalbuminuria","volume":"127","author":"Pegoraro","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/100.4.419","article-title":"Protein-osmolality ratio for the quantitative assessment of proteinuria from a random urinalysis sample","volume":"100","author":"Wilson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2002.33389","article-title":"Dipstick proteinuria","volume":"39","author":"Agarwal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/32.8.1551","article-title":"Urinary protein as measured with a pyrogallol red-molybdate complex, manually and in a Hitachi 726 automated analyzer","volume":"32","author":"Watanabe","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib19","series-title":"Standard Methods of Clinical Chemistry","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4831-9684-8.50015-6","article-title":"Creatinine and creatine in urine and serum","author":"Taussky","year":"1961"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199101103240202","article-title":"Effect of restricting dietary protein on the progression of renal failure in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus","volume":"324","author":"Zeller","year":"1991","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199311113292004","article-title":"The effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition on diabetic nephropathy","volume":"329","author":"Lewis","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib22","first-page":"S1","article-title":"Distribution of haematological, serum and urine values in a general population of middle-aged men. The Reykjavik Study","volume":"32","author":"Bjornsson","year":"1984","journal-title":"Scand J Soc Med Suppl"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib23","series-title":"The Kidney","first-page":"23","article-title":"Tests of glomerular functional integrity","author":"De","year":"1964"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(03)00023-4","article-title":"Validity of protein-osmolality versus protein-creatinine ratios in the estimation of quantitative proteinuria from random samples of urine in children","volume":"41","author":"Morgenstern","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp011773","article-title":"Nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"346","author":"Remuzzi","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2285","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021835","article-title":"Regression of microalbuminuria in type 1 diabetes","volume":"348","author":"Perkins","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38070.450891.FE","article-title":"Predictors for the development of microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria in patients with type 1 diabetes","volume":"328","author":"Hovind","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/9.8.1097","article-title":"Similar rate of progression in the predialysis phase in type I and type II diabetes mellitus","volume":"9","author":"Biesenbach","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199403313301301","article-title":"The effects of dietary protein restriction and blood-pressure control on the progression of chronic renal disease. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group","volume":"330","author":"Klahr","year":"1994","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1159\/000065220","article-title":"Screening for microalbuminuria simplified by urine specific gravity","volume":"22","author":"Parikh","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-8981(00)00181-9","article-title":"Urinary protein and albumin excretion corrected by creatinine and specific gravity","volume":"294","author":"Newman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(99)70442-7","article-title":"Proteinuria, Albuminuria, Risk, Assessment, Detection, Elimination (PARADE)","volume":"33","author":"Keane","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Kidney Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0272638605002568?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0272638605002568?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T01:30:22Z","timestamp":1759455022000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0272638605002568"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0272638605002568"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0272-6386"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0272-6386","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A Dipstick Protein and Specific Gravity Algorithm Accurately Predicts Pathological Proteinuria","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Kidney Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2005 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}