{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:52:29Z","timestamp":1792785149723,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596240000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596240000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Technology R&D Program"},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["2016YFC1305400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFC1305400"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007270","name":"University of Michigan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007270","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007937","name":"Peking University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BMU20160466"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BMU20160466"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007937","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007270","name":"University of Michigan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007270","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007937","name":"Peking University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007937","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajkd.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Kidney Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,3]],"date-time":"2019-09-03T17:03:14Z","timestamp":1567530194000},"page":"258-264","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":221,"title":["CKD in China: Evolving Spectrum and Public Health Implications"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Chao","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haibo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinju","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunihiro","family":"Matsushita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josef","family":"Coresh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luxia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming-Hui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"9859","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61728-0","article-title":"Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010","volume":"380","author":"Lozano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9981","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1975","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61601-9","article-title":"Worldwide access to treatment for end-stage kidney disease: a systematic review","volume":"385","author":"Liyanage","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6 suppl 1","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A7","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2015.05.001","article-title":"US Renal Data System 2014 Annual Data Report: epidemiology of kidney disease in the United States","volume":"65","author":"Saran","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp058318","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease in the developing world","volume":"354","author":"Barsoum","year":"2006","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2 suppl 2","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib5","article-title":"End-stage renal disease in India and Pakistan: incidence, causes, and management","volume":"16","author":"Sakhuja","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ethn Dis"},{"issue":"9818","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60033-6","article-title":"Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in China: a cross-sectional survey","volume":"379","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2038","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.17.2038","article-title":"Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the United States","volume":"298","author":"Coresh","year":"2007","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2018.05.011","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for CKD: a comparison between the adult populations in China and the United States","volume":"3","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.13489","article-title":"The spectrum of chronic kidney disease in China: a national study based on hospitalized patients from 2010 to 2015","volume":"24","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nephrology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1602469","article-title":"Trends in chronic kidney disease in China","volume":"375","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.krcp.2015.08.004","article-title":"Lessons from 30 years\u2019 data of Korean end-stage renal disease registry, 1985\u20132015","volume":"34","author":"Jin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Kidney Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kisu.2018.11.001","article-title":"China Kidney Disease Network (CK-NET) 2015 Annual Data Report","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2011.00863.x","article-title":"Preventing chronic diseases by promoting healthy diet and lifestyle: public policy implications for China","volume":"12","author":"Hu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib16","first-page":"5","article-title":"[The trends of obesity and type 2 diabetes in China and its policy implications (author\u2019s transl)]","volume":"53","author":"Hu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chin J Intern Med"},{"issue":"10026","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30054-X","article-title":"Trends in adult body-mass index in 200 countries from 1975 to 2014: a pooled analysis of 1698 population-based measurement studies with 19.2 million participants","volume":"387","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-0571","article-title":"Time trends of dietary and lifestyle factors and their potential impact on diabetes burden in China","volume":"40","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.06.011","article-title":"Potential impact of time trend of life-style factors on cardiovascular disease burden in China","volume":"68","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200307000-00014","article-title":"Geographic variations in the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in China","volume":"21","author":"Reynolds","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hypertens"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib21","first-page":"678","article-title":"[A mass survey of diabetes mellitus in a population of 300,000 in 14 provinces and municipalities in China (author\u2019s transl)]","volume":"20","year":"1981","journal-title":"Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1664","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.20.11.1664","article-title":"Prevalence of diabetes and its risk factors in China, 1994. National Diabetes Prevention and Control Cooperative Group","volume":"20","author":"Pan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0908292","article-title":"Prevalence of diabetes among men\u00a0and women in China","volume":"362","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2515","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.7596","article-title":"Prevalence and ethnic pattern of diabetes and prediabetes in China in 2013","volume":"317","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib25","first-page":"483","article-title":"Hypertension prevalence and status of awareness, treatment and control in China","volume":"108","author":"Tao","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpu053","article-title":"Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in China: results from a national survey","volume":"27","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"issue":"9818","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61878-3","article-title":"Urbanisation and health in China","volume":"379","author":"Gong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-007-0639-7","article-title":"Modified end-stage renal disease risk score for Chinese type 2 diabetic patients--the Hong Kong Diabetes Registry","volume":"50","author":"Yang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib29","series-title":"National\u00a0Medical Service and Quality Safety Report, 2016","first-page":"510","year":"2016"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2009.06.012","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease epidemic: cost and health care implications in China","volume":"29","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2014.190","article-title":"Taming the chronic kidney disease epidemic: a global view of surveillance efforts","volume":"86","author":"Radhakrishnan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1291\/hypres.31.1101","article-title":"Chronic Kidney Disease Japan Cohort (CKD-JAC) study: design and methods","volume":"31","author":"Imai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-019698","article-title":"Using big data to improve cardiovascular care and outcomes in China: a protocol for the CHinese Electronic health Records Research in Yinzhou (CHERRY) Study","volume":"8","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib35","first-page":"S1","article-title":"China Kidney Disease Network (CK-NET) 2014 Annual Data Report","volume":"69","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib36","first-page":"CD006257","article-title":"Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists for preventing the progression of diabetic kidney disease","volume":"4","author":"Strippoli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib37","first-page":"CD004136","article-title":"Antihypertensive agents for preventing diabetic kidney disease","volume":"12","author":"Lv","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-0343","article-title":"Incidence of treatment for end-stage renal disease among individuals with diabetes in the U.S. continues to decline","volume":"33","author":"Burrows","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(14)70137-8","article-title":"Metabolic profiles and\u00a0treatment gaps in young-onset type 2 diabetes in Asia (the\u00a0JADE programme): a cross-sectional study of a prospective\u00a0cohort","volume":"2","author":"Yeung","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"13 suppl 1","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.5414\/CNP86S104","article-title":"Current burden of end-stage kidney disease and its future trend in China","volume":"86","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2013.146","article-title":"Nephrology in China","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Kidney Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S027263861930856X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S027263861930856X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T03:30:02Z","timestamp":1759462202000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S027263861930856X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S027263861930856X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032","relation":{},"ISSN":["0272-6386"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0272-6386","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"CKD in China: Evolving Spectrum and Public Health Implications","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Kidney Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.05.032","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}