{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T23:57:54Z","timestamp":1793145474881,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588291200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588291200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajkd.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Kidney Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,12]],"date-time":"2019-11-12T09:22:40Z","timestamp":1573550560000},"page":"713-724","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Pulmonary Hypertension Subtypes and Mortality in CKD"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Daniel L.","family":"Edmonston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kishan S.","family":"Parikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudarshan","family":"Rajagopal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda K.","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis","family":"Abraham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Grabner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew A.","family":"Sparks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myles","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1159\/000453047","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension is associated with mortality and cardiovascular events in chronic kidney disease patients","volume":"45","author":"Reque","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.10191013","article-title":"Presence and outcomes of kidney disease in patients with pulmonary hypertension","volume":"9","author":"Navaneethan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2009.10","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension is an independent predictor of mortality in hemodialysis patients","volume":"75","author":"Yigla","year":"2009","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.123.5.1577","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension in patients with end-stage renal disease","volume":"123","author":"Yigla","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-018-0866-9","article-title":"Epidemiology and risk factors in CKD patients with pulmonary hypertension: a retrospective study","volume":"19","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2017.11.018","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension, mortality, and cardiovascular disease in CKD and ESRD patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"72","author":"Tang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2014111111","article-title":"Prevalence, predictors, and outcomes of pulmonary hypertension in CKD","volume":"27","author":"Navaneethan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib8","first-page":"67","article-title":"2015 ESC\/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension: the joint task force for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS)","volume":"37","author":"Galie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed)"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra035488","article-title":"Pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"351","author":"Farber","year":"2004","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.117.004082","article-title":"Hemodynamic phenotyping of pulmonary hypertension in left heart failure","volume":"10","author":"Naeije","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035310","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension in patients with chronic kidney disease on dialysis and without dialysis: results of the PEPPER-study","volume":"7","author":"Pabst","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1177\/2045893217716108","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension in patients with chronic kidney disease: invasive hemodynamic etiology and outcomes","volume":"7","author":"O'Leary","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pulm Circ"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2013.186","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension in patients with chronic and end-stage kidney disease","volume":"84","author":"Sise","year":"2013","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.10.013","article-title":"Biological phenotyping of combined post-capillary and pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension: focus on pulmonary vascular remodeling","volume":"68","author":"Leopold","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201503-0529OC","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension in heart failure. Epidemiology, right ventricular function, and survival","volume":"192","author":"Gerges","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1067","article-title":"Haemodynamic effects of an acute vasodilator challenge in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction and different forms of post-capillary pulmonary hypertension","volume":"20","author":"Ghio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2017.02.053","article-title":"Comparison of clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with versus without diabetes mellitus and with versus without angina pectoris (from the Duke Databank for Cardiovascular Disease)","volume":"119","author":"Banks","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2010.483","article-title":"The definition, classification, and prognosis of chronic kidney disease: a KDIGO Controversies Conference report","volume":"80","author":"Levey","year":"2011","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv317","volume":"37","author":"Galie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2014.07.006","article-title":"Modular design, application architecture, and usage of a self-service model for enterprise data delivery: the Duke Enterprise Data Unified Content Explorer (DEDUCE)","volume":"52","author":"Horvath","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biomed Inform"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1159\/000350952","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure in chronic kidney disease: new challenge for 21st-century cardionephrologists","volume":"3","author":"Di Lullo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cardiorenal Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.01.051","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension in heart failure: pathophysiology, pathobiology, and emerging clinical perspectives","volume":"69","author":"Guazzi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2000.80.4.1337","article-title":"Role of nitric oxide in the pathogenesis of chronic pulmonary hypertension","volume":"80","author":"Hampl","year":"2000","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)90865-Z","article-title":"Accumulation of an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis in chronic renal failure","volume":"339","author":"Vallance","year":"1992","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000168414.06853.f0","article-title":"Asymmetrical dimethylarginine in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"25","author":"Kielstein","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200702-278OC","article-title":"Asymmetric dimethylarginine is increased in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension","volume":"176","author":"Skoro-Sajer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1682","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ken346","article-title":"Asymmetrical dimethylarginine in systemic sclerosis-related pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"47","author":"Dimitroulas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.12928","article-title":"Association of asymmetric dimethylarginine with sickle cell disease-related pulmonary hypertension","volume":"93","author":"Landburg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-012-0321-9","article-title":"Elevated homocysteine and asymmetric dimethyl arginine levels in pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart disease","volume":"33","author":"Sanli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-015-1127-3","article-title":"Asymmetric dimethyl-L-arginine is a biomarker for disease stage and follow-up of pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart disease","volume":"36","author":"Fang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vph.2015.06.005","article-title":"Asymmetric dimethyl arginine induces pulmonary vascular dysfunction via activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha","volume":"73","author":"Pekarova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/S0954-6111(03)00038-6","article-title":"Association between hyperhomocysteinemia and primary pulmonary hypertension","volume":"97","author":"Arroliga","year":"2003","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s00380-017-1055-7","article-title":"Plasma L-arginine levels distinguish pulmonary arterial hypertension from left ventricular systolic dysfunction","volume":"33","author":"Sandqvist","year":"2018","journal-title":"Heart Vessels"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfx119","article-title":"Renal thrombotic microangiopathy and pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with late-onset cobalamin C deficiency","volume":"11","author":"Petropoulos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2013050465","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor-23 and cardiovascular events in CKD","volume":"25","author":"Scialla","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1038\/hr.2016.130","article-title":"Use of serum fibroblast growth factor 23 vs. plasma B-type natriuretic peptide levels in assessing the pathophysiology of patients with heart failure","volume":"40","author":"Imazu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12131","article-title":"Prognostic impact of renal function in precapillary pulmonary hypertension","volume":"275","author":"Kaiser","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(00)70200-9","article-title":"C-Reactive protein predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in\u00a0hemodialysis patients","volume":"35","author":"Yeun","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.02750707","article-title":"Inflammatory marker mania in chronic kidney disease: pentraxins at the crossroad of universal soldiers of inflammation","volume":"2","author":"Kalantar-Zadeh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.003072","article-title":"Transforming growth factor-beta signaling promotes pulmonary hypertension caused by Schistosoma mansoni","volume":"128","author":"Graham","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.108.182014","article-title":"Interleukin-6 overexpression induces pulmonary hypertension","volume":"104","author":"Steiner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1628","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.151.5.7735624","article-title":"Increased interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 serum concentrations in severe primary pulmonary hypertension","volume":"151","author":"Humbert","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-15-47","article-title":"Inflammatory cytokines in pulmonary hypertension","volume":"15","author":"Groth","year":"2014","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02148-2018","article-title":"An overview of the 6th World Symposium on Pulmonary Hypertension","volume":"53","author":"Galie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Kidney Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0272638619310352?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0272638619310352?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T03:26:22Z","timestamp":1759461982000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0272638619310352"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0272638619310352"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027","relation":{},"ISSN":["0272-6386"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0272-6386","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pulmonary Hypertension Subtypes and Mortality in CKD","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Kidney Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.08.027","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. This is a US Government Work. There are no restrictions on its use.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}