{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T17:23:49Z","timestamp":1792344229920,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":141,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,1]],"date-time":"2004-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1099267200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gastroenterology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,29]],"date-time":"2005-07-29T14:31:14Z","timestamp":1122647474000},"page":"S35-S50","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2059,"special_numbering":"S1","title":["Hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: Incidence and risk factors"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"127","author":[{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Fattovich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tommaso","family":"Stroffolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Zagni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Donato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01297149","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma. A worldwide problem and the major risk factors","volume":"36","author":"Simonetti","year":"1991","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(89)91426-1","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma with and without cirrhosis. A comparison in Southern African Blacks","volume":"97","author":"Kew","year":"1989","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1797","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199306243282501","article-title":"Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma among patients with chronic liver disease","volume":"328","author":"Tsukuma","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.10122","article-title":"Ultrasound screening and risk factors for death from hepatocellular carcinoma in a high risk group in Taiwan","volume":"98","author":"Chen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50093","article-title":"Prospective analysis of risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with liver cirrhosis","volume":"37","author":"Vel\u00e0squez","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2003.12.049","article-title":"Increased survival of cirrhotic patients with a hepatocellular carcinoma detected during surveillance","volume":"126","author":"Sangiovanni","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2003.020263","article-title":"Natural history of compensated viral cirrhosis","volume":"53","author":"Benvegn\u00f9","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2886","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.07057.x","article-title":"Effect of hepatitis B and C virus infections on the natural history of compensated cirrhosis","volume":"97","author":"Fattovich","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)78179-4","article-title":"Trends in primary live cancer","volume":"351","author":"Deuffic","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199903113401001","article-title":"Rising incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States","volume":"340","author":"El-Serag","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(00)00052-6","article-title":"Trends in mortality from primary liver cancer in Europe","volume":"36","author":"La Vecchia","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/26.1.100","article-title":"Trends of liver cirrhosis mortality in Europe, 1970-1989","volume":"26","author":"Corrao","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.319.7211.666","article-title":"Cirrhosis mortality and per capita consumption of distilled spirit, United States, 1949-1994","volume":"319","author":"Roizen","year":"1999","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20049","article-title":"Chronic liver disease mortality in the United States, 1990-1998","volume":"39","author":"Vong","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib15","unstructured":"Available at: www.mortalita.iss.it. Accessed 2003."},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199908193410802","article-title":"The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the United States, 1988 through 1994","volume":"341","author":"Alter","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib17","first-page":"235","article-title":"High prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in a small central Italian town","volume":"27","author":"Stroffolini","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ital J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510260431","article-title":"Prevalence, risk factors, and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in the general population","volume":"26","author":"Guadagnino","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.8438","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in a community in the Nile Delta","volume":"32","author":"Abdel-Aziz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(89)91427-3","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma without cirrhosis in Japanese patients","volume":"97","author":"Okuda","year":"1989","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2220","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19950501)75:9<2220::AID-CNCR2820750906>3.0.CO;2-4","article-title":"Etiologic factors and clinical presentation of hepatocellular carcinoma. Differences between cirrhotic and noncirrhotic Italian patients","volume":"75","author":"Trevisani","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/105.1.65","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic and noncirrhotic livers. A clinico-histopathologic study of 804 North American patients","volume":"105","author":"Nzeako","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80122-0","article-title":"Characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma in Italy","volume":"29","author":"Stroffolini","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-200012010-00012","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma in Belgium","volume":"12","author":"Van Roey","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.9033","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma occurring in nonfibrotic liver","volume":"32","author":"Bralet","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib26","first-page":"213","article-title":"Etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma in Italian patients with and without cirrhosis","volume":"9","author":"Chiesa","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80044-0","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma without cirrhosis in the West","volume":"31","author":"Grando-Lemaire","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1007117","article-title":"Epidemiology of primary liver cancer","volume":"19","author":"Bosch","year":"1999","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)90400-X","article-title":"HCV-associated liver cancer without cirrhosis","volume":"345","author":"De Mitri","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510280632","article-title":"Prognosis of chronic hepatitis C","volume":"28","author":"Niederau","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840210308","article-title":"Incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B and C","volume":"21","author":"Takano","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib32","first-page":"1195","article-title":"The role of previous hepatitis B virus infection and heavy smoking in hepatitis C virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"91","author":"Chiba","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510230406","article-title":"The natural course of chronic hepatitis C","volume":"23","author":"Kobayashi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-129-2-199807150-00005","article-title":"Relation of interferon therapy and hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis C","volume":"129","author":"Imai","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-131-3-199908030-00003","article-title":"Interferon therapy reduces the risk for hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"131","author":"Yoshida","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290439","article-title":"Effect of interferon therapy on hepatocellular carcinogenesis in patients with chronic hepatitis type C","volume":"29","author":"Ikeda","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwg041","article-title":"Incidence and cofactors of hepatitis C virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"157","author":"Sun","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(96)80022-5","article-title":"Alpha interferon treatment may prevent hepatocellular carcinoma in HCV-related liver cirrhosis","volume":"24","author":"Mazzella","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250344","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus genotypes and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis","volume":"25","author":"Bruno","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19980901)83:5<901::AID-CNCR15>3.0.CO;2-Z","article-title":"Retrospective analysis of the effect of interferon therapy on the clinical outcome of patients with viral cirrhosis","volume":"83","author":"Benvegn\u00f9","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2132","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19990515)85:10<2132::AID-CNCR6>3.0.CO;2-H","article-title":"Rate of incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with compensated viral cirrhosis","volume":"85","author":"Chiaramonte","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.48.6.843","article-title":"Impact of interferon therapy on the natural history of hepatitis C virus related cirrhosis","volume":"48","author":"Gramenzi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2539","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.11002","article-title":"Serum insulin-like growth factor I evaluation as a useful tool for predicting the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis","volume":"95","author":"Mazziotti","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510270535","article-title":"Determinants of outcome of compensated hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis","volume":"27","author":"Serfaty","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290616","article-title":"Treatment of hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis","volume":"29","author":"Valla","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.47.1.131","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus related cirrhosis","volume":"47","author":"Degos","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510280238","article-title":"Clinical outcome of hepatitis C as a function of mode of transmission","volume":"28","author":"Gordon","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2234","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19941015)74:8<2234::AID-CNCR2820740805>3.0.CO;2-6","article-title":"Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis in Japan","volume":"74","author":"Kato","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80196-2","article-title":"Interferon therapy lowers the rate of progression to hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis C but not significantly in an advanced stage","volume":"30","author":"Okanoue","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)03595-9","article-title":"Prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic active hepatitis C and cirrhosis","volume":"357","author":"Nishiguchi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10391","article-title":"Close association between high serum alanine aminotrasferase levels and multicentric hepatocarcinogenesis in patients with hepatitis C virus-associated cirrhosis","volume":"94","author":"Tarao","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1997.v112.pm9024300","article-title":"Morbidity and mortality in compensated cirrhosis C","volume":"112","author":"Fattovich","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib53","series-title":"European Concerted Action on HCV- and HBV-related Cirrhosis","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib54","series-title":"Hepatitis C","first-page":"241","article-title":"Hepatitis C and cirrhosis","author":"Fattovich","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(01)00160-X","article-title":"Liver cancer risk is increased in patients with porphyria cutanea tarda in comparison to matched control patients with chronic liver disease","volume":"35","author":"Fracanzani","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.46.5.711","article-title":"Liver iron excess in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma developed on viral C cirrhosis","volume":"46","author":"Chapoutot","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.46.2.277","article-title":"Liver iron is predictive of death in alcoholic cirrhosis. a multivariate study of 229 consecutive patients with alcohol and\/or hepatitis C virus cirrhosis: a prospective follow-up study","volume":"46","author":"Ganne-Carri\u00e8","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.52.8.1178","article-title":"Lack of association between HFE gene mutations and hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis","volume":"52","author":"Boige","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.31001","article-title":"Steatosis and liver cancer in transgenic mice expressing the structural and non structural proteins of hepatitis C virus","volume":"122","author":"Lerat","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3036","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.11427","article-title":"Hepatic steatosis is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatits C virus infection","volume":"97","author":"Ohata","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2003.10.065","article-title":"Diabetes increases the risk of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"126","author":"El-Serag","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2893.2001.00291.x","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus genotypes","volume":"8","author":"Fattovich","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Viral Hepatitis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19980130)75:3<347::AID-IJC4>3.0.CO;2-2","article-title":"A meta-analysis of epidemiological studies on the combined effect of hepatitis B and C virus infections in causing hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"75","author":"Donato","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2442","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19941101)74:9<2442::AID-CNCR2820740909>3.0.CO;2-#","article-title":"Concurrent hepatitis B and C virus infection and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis","volume":"74","author":"Benvegn\u00f9","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1997.493","article-title":"Effect of hepatitis C and B virus infection on risk of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"76","author":"Tsai","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(02)00345-6","article-title":"Occult hepatits B","volume":"2","author":"Toberson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2003.10.048","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus (HBV) maintains its pro-oncogenic properties in case of occult HBV infection","volume":"126","author":"Pollicino","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02355056","article-title":"Multivariate analysis of risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C virus-related liver cirrhosis","volume":"31","author":"Chiba","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2001.03374.x","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma in HIV-infected patients with chronic hepatitis C","volume":"96","author":"Garc\u00eca-Samaniego","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2462","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2001.04054.x","article-title":"The role of diabetes in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"96","author":"El-Serag","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/155.4.323","article-title":"Alcohol and hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"155","author":"Donato","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.36780","article-title":"Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"36","author":"Hassan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20000701)89:1<53::AID-CNCR8>3.0.CO;2-6","article-title":"Analysis of factors affecting the appearance of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis C","volume":"89","author":"Aizawa","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(94)90760-9","article-title":"A long-term follow-up study of asymptomatic hepatitis B surface antigen-positive carriers in Montreal","volume":"106","author":"Villeneuve","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.17914","article-title":"Screening for hepatocellular carcinoma in Alaska natives infected with chronic hepatitis B","volume":"32","author":"McMahon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1942","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19880515)61:10<1942::AID-CNCR2820611003>3.0.CO;2-J","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus. The major etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"61","author":"Beasley","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009060","article-title":"Prospective study of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis in asymptomatic chronic hepatitis B virus carriers","volume":"145","author":"Yu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib78","first-page":"369","article-title":"Eight-year follow-up of the 90,000-person Haimen city cohort: I. hepatocellular carcinoma mortality, risk factors, and gender differences","volume":"11","author":"Evans","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1642","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840080628","article-title":"Relative risks of death due to liver disease among Japanese male adults having various statuses for hepatitis B s and e antigen\/antibody in serum","volume":"8","author":"Sakuma","year":"1988","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-118-3-199302010-00006","article-title":"The natural history of asymptomatic hepatitis B surface antigen carriers","volume":"118","author":"De Franchis","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S228","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(02)80819-4","article-title":"Natural history of HBV infection","volume":"36","author":"Bellentani","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.06.021","article-title":"Natural history of chronic HBV carriers in northern Italy","volume":"127","author":"Manno","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.33638","article-title":"Long-term outcome after spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion in patients with chronic hepatitis B","volume":"35","author":"Hsu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.32.3.294","article-title":"Natural history and prognostic factors of chronic hepatitis type B","volume":"32","author":"Fattovich","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300109","article-title":"The long-term course of chronic hepatitis B","volume":"30","author":"Di Marco","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2246","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.01300.x","article-title":"Long-term results with interferon therapy in chronic type B hepatitis","volume":"94","author":"Mazzella","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(01)00266-5","article-title":"Outcome of anti-HBe positive chronic hepatitis B in alpha-interferon treated and untreated patients","volume":"36","author":"Brunetto","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199605303342202","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of HBeAg-positive patients treated with interferon alfa for chronic hepatitis B","volume":"334","author":"Niederau","year":"1996","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)00094-5","article-title":"The long-term outcome of interferon-alpha treated and untreated patients with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B","volume":"34","author":"Papatheodoridis","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(86)90919-4","article-title":"Early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic type B hepatitis. A prospective study","volume":"90","author":"Liaw","year":"1986","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290312","article-title":"Long-term beneficial effect of interferon therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection","volume":"29","author":"Lin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80339-5","article-title":"Disease progression and hepatocellular carcinogenensis in patients with chronic viral hepatitis","volume":"28","author":"Ikeda","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0676.1989.tb00405.x","article-title":"Natural course after the development of cirrhosis in patients with chronic type B hepatitis","volume":"9","author":"Liaw","year":"1989","journal-title":"Liver"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S137","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00687123","article-title":"Long-term survival following treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in Singapore","volume":"31","author":"Oon","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19980301)82:5<827::AID-CNCR5>3.0.CO;2-G","article-title":"Interferon decreases hepatocellular carcinogenesis in patients with cirrhosis caused by the hepatitis B virus","volume":"82","author":"Ikeda","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib96","first-page":"77","article-title":"Occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma and decompensation in Western European patients with cirrhosis type B","volume":"21","author":"Fattovich","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa013215","article-title":"Hepatitis B e antigen and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"347","author":"Yang","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510260536","article-title":"Long-term outcome of hepatitis B e antigen-positive patients with compensated cirrhosis treated with interferon alfa","volume":"26","author":"Fattovich","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1998.00272.x","article-title":"Delayed clearance of serum HBsAg in compensated cirrhosis B","volume":"93","author":"Fattovich","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510280130","article-title":"Sero-clearance of hepatitis B surface antigen in chronic carriers does not necessarily imply a good prognosis","volume":"28","author":"Huo","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70261-7","article-title":"Hepatitis B genotypes correlate with clinical outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis B","volume":"118","author":"Kao","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50098","article-title":"Significance of hepatitis B genotype in acute exacerbation, HBeAg seroconversion, cirrhosis-related complications, and hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"37","author":"Yuen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50036","article-title":"Influence of hepatitis B virus genotypes on the progression of chronic liver disease","volume":"37","author":"Sumi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2003.50053","article-title":"Basal core promoter mutations of hepatitis B virus increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis B carriers","volume":"124","author":"Kao","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.46.3.420","article-title":"Influence of hepatitis delta virus infection on morbidity and mortality in compensated cirrhosis type B","volume":"46","author":"Fattovich","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200007010-00003","article-title":"Mortality for liver disease in patients with HIV infection","volume":"24","author":"Puoti","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.36366","article-title":"Dominant role of hepatitis B virus and cofactor role of aflatoxin in hepatocarcinogenesis in Qidong, China","volume":"36","author":"Ming","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510270404","article-title":"Independent and combined action of hepatitis C virus infection and alcohol consumption on the risk of symptomatic liver cirrhosis","volume":"27","author":"Corrao","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1054\/bjoc.2001.2140","article-title":"A meta-analysis of alcohol drinking and cancer risk","volume":"85","author":"Bagnardi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib110","first-page":"2937","article-title":"Impact of hepatitis B and C virus infection on the clinical prognosis of alcoholic liver cirrhosis","volume":"21","author":"Yamanaka","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910510611","article-title":"Alcoholism and liver cirrhosis in the etiology of primary liver cancer","volume":"51","author":"Adami","year":"1992","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.28233","article-title":"The risk of liver and bile duct cancer in patients with chronic viral hepatitis, alcoholism, or cirrhosis","volume":"34","author":"Kuper","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510280404","article-title":"Risk of liver and other types of cancer in patients with cirrhosis","volume":"28","author":"Sorensen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-200302000-00016","article-title":"Effect of hepatitis C virus infection and abstinence from alcohol on survival in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis","volume":"36","author":"Serra","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib115","first-page":"534","article-title":"D\u00e8pistage du carcinome h\u00e8patocellulaire dans une cohorte de malades porteurs d\u2019une cirrhose d\u2019origine principalement alcoolique","volume":"27","author":"Henrion","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin Biol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91A","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1996.tb01738.x","article-title":"Roles of alcohol, hepatitis virus infection, and gender in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with liver cirrhosis","volume":"20","author":"Miyakawa","year":"1996","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47S","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ALC.0000079449.47468.B0","article-title":"Analysis of risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with HBs Antigen- and anti-HCV antibody-negative alcoholic cirrhosis","volume":"27","author":"Uetake","year":"2003","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2003.09.035","article-title":"Cancer risk in patients with hereditary hemochromatosis and in their first-degree relatives","volume":"125","author":"Elmberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198511143132004","article-title":"Survival and causes of death in cirrhotic and in noncirrhotic patients with primary hemochromatosis","volume":"313","author":"Niederau","year":"1985","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.22506","article-title":"Increased cancer risk in a cohort of 230 patients with hereditary hemochromatosis in comparison to matched control patients with non-iron-related chronic liver disease","volume":"33","author":"Fracanzani","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcg114","article-title":"Abdominal malignancies in patients with Wilson\u2019s disease","volume":"96","author":"Walshe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(05)80609-9","article-title":"Prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma in alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency","volume":"21","author":"Propst","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510260508","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma in primary biliary cirrhosis and its impact on outcomes","volume":"26","author":"Jones","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib124","first-page":"1160","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"96","author":"Caballer\u00eca","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.33157","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma and survival in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"35","author":"Shibuya","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(97)80356-X","article-title":"Are patients with cirrhotic stage primary sclerosing cholangitis at risk for the development of hepatocellular cancer?","volume":"27","author":"Harnois","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib127","first-page":"718","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma complicating autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"22","author":"Ryder","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1944","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005638500236","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma in autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"45","author":"Park","year":"2000","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840360609","article-title":"NAFLD may be a common underlying liver disease in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States","volume":"36","author":"Marrero","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.34168","article-title":"Expanding the natural history of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"123","author":"Bugianesi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.33324","article-title":"Survival, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma in obesity-related cryptogenic cirrhosis","volume":"35","author":"Ratziu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50320","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of cirrhosis in nonalcoholic stetohepatitis compared with hepatitis C","volume":"38","author":"Hui","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)91785-4","article-title":"Risk factors in development of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis","volume":"i","author":"Zaman","year":"1985","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.48.2.251","article-title":"Surveillance programme of cirrhotic patients for early diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"48","author":"Bolondi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19990815)86:4<589::AID-CNCR7>3.0.CO;2-K","article-title":"Association between high serum alanine aminotransferase levels and more rapid development and higher rate of incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C virus-associated cirrhosis","volume":"86","author":"Tarao","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(95)90455-7","article-title":"Liver cell dysplasia is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis","volume":"108","author":"Borzio","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510230527","article-title":"Predictive score for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma and additional value of liver large cell dysplasia in Western patients with cirrhosis","volume":"23","author":"Ganne-Carri\u00e8","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)08002-1","article-title":"Irregular regeneration of hepatocytes and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis with hepatitis-C-virus infection","volume":"351","author":"Shibata","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(03)00190-9","article-title":"Impact of large regenerative, low-grade and high-grade dysplastic nodules in hepatocellular carcinoma development","volume":"39","author":"Borzio","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.26820","article-title":"High rates of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients with high liver cell proliferative activity","volume":"34","author":"Donato","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50039","article-title":"Nucleolar hypertrophy correlates with hepatocellular carcinoma development in cirrhosis due to HBV infection","volume":"37","author":"Trer\u00e8","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatology"}],"container-title":["Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016508504015938?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016508504015938?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]],"date-time":"2025-01-02T15:00:12Z","timestamp":1735830012000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0016508504015938"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]},"references-count":141,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0016508504015938"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-5085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0016-5085","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]}}}