{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T12:38:34Z","timestamp":1793709514007,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":156,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,1]],"date-time":"2017-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488326400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,1]],"date-time":"2017-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488326400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,15]],"date-time":"2016-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1481760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institutes of Health\/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["078364"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["078364"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IOS1148978"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IOS1148978"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ERC-2013-Adg"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERC-2013-Adg"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["340101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["340101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"FWO postdoctoral research fellowship","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","gastrojournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gastroenterology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,15]],"date-time":"2016-12-15T03:51:00Z","timestamp":1481773860000},"page":"730-744","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":359,"title":["The Vagus Nerve in Appetite Regulation, Mood, and Intestinal\u00a0Inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1053","volume":"152","author":[{"given":"Kirsteen N.","family":"Browning","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Verheijden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guy E.","family":"Boeckxstaens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2040-4603.2014.tb00587.x","article-title":"Central nervous system control of gastrointestinal motility and secretion and modulation of gastrointestinal functions","volume":"4","author":"Browning","year":"2014","journal-title":"Compr Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(93)90419-D","article-title":"The Central organization of the vagus nerve innervating the colon of the rat","volume":"104","author":"Altschuler","year":"1993","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib3","first-page":"R200","article-title":"Topography of efferent vagal innervation of the rat gastrointestinal tract","volume":"260","author":"Berthoud","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib4","series-title":"Boca Raton","first-page":"315","article-title":"Advances in vagal afferent neurobiology","author":"Beyak","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2013.29","article-title":"Extrinsic primary afferent signalling in the gut","volume":"10","author":"Brookes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S1566-0702(00)00215-0","article-title":"Functional and chemical anatomy of the afferent vagal system","volume":"85","author":"Berthoud","year":"2000","journal-title":"Auton Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib7","first-page":"H1307","article-title":"Non-NMDA receptors mediate sensory afferent synaptic transmission in medial nucleus tractus solitarius","volume":"259","author":"Andresen","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1985","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.09-06-01985.1989","article-title":"Ultrastructural demonstration of a gastric monosynaptic vagal circuit in the nucleus of the solitary tract in rat","volume":"9","author":"Rinaman","year":"1989","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib9","first-page":"2941","article-title":"Neuronal connections of the area postrema","volume":"43","author":"Leslie","year":"1984","journal-title":"Fed Proc"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.regpep.2003.09.004","article-title":"Sensory circumventricular organs: central roles in integrated autonomic regulation","volume":"117","author":"Cottrell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Regul Pept"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3719","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2012.227959","article-title":"Properties of subependymal cerebrospinal fluid contacting neurones in the dorsal vagal complex of the mouse brainstem","volume":"590","author":"Orts-Del\u2019immagine","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902830207","article-title":"Viscerotopic representation of the upper alimentary tract in the rat: sensory ganglia and nuclei of the solitary and spinal trigeminal tracts","volume":"283","author":"Altschuler","year":"1989","journal-title":"J\u00a0Comp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2982.1998.00110.x","article-title":"Role of GABAA receptors in rat hindbrain nuclei controlling gastric motor\u00a0function","volume":"10","author":"Sivarao","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib14","first-page":"G531","article-title":"Glutamate and GABA-mediated synaptic currents in neurons of the rat dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus","volume":"260","author":"Travagli","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2004.05.049","article-title":"Excitatory and inhibitory local circuit input to the rat dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus originating from the nucleus tractus solitarius","volume":"1017","author":"Davis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902380411","article-title":"The central organization of the vagus nerve innervating the stomach of the rat","volume":"238","author":"Shapiro","year":"1985","journal-title":"J\u00a0Comp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(85)91066-2","article-title":"Longitudinal columnar organization within the dorsal motor nucleus represents separate branches of the abdominal vagus","volume":"341","author":"Fox","year":"1985","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903300203","article-title":"Dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve: a cyto- and chemoarchitectonic study in the human","volume":"330","author":"Huang","year":"1993","journal-title":"J\u00a0Comp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib19","unstructured":"Gray\u2019s anatomy. The anatomical basis of clinical practice. Cambridge, MA: Elsevier,\u00a02008."},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1838(93)90046-W","article-title":"Characterization of vagal innervation to the rat celiac, suprarenal and mesenteric ganglia","volume":"42","author":"Berthoud","year":"1993","journal-title":"J\u00a0Auton Nerv Syst"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.1331","article-title":"Characterization of the central nervous system innervation of the rat spleen using viral transneuronal tracing","volume":"439","author":"Cano","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Comp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.regpep.2007.08.024","article-title":"The vagus nerve, food intake and obesity","volume":"149","author":"Berthoud","year":"2008","journal-title":"Regul Pept"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00969-8","article-title":"The need to feed: homeostatic and hedonic control of eating","volume":"36","author":"Saper","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.22541","article-title":"Vagal afferent innervation of the proximal gastrointestinal tract mucosa: chemoreceptor and mechanoreceptor architecture","volume":"519","author":"Powley","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Comp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2011.02.039","article-title":"Nutrient sensing in the gut: interactions between chemosensory cells, visceral afferents and the secretion of satiation peptides","volume":"105","author":"Steinert","year":"2011","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2007.09.006","article-title":"Mechanisms of CCK signaling from gut to brain","volume":"7","author":"Raybould","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib27","first-page":"G1","article-title":"Physiological mechanisms of cholecystokinin action on pancreatic secretion","volume":"271","author":"Owyang","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1838(98)00181-7","article-title":"Mechanism of cholecystokinin-induced relaxation of the rat stomach","volume":"75","author":"Takahashi","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Auton Nerv Syst"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2001.0431k.x","article-title":"Intestinal serotonin acts as a paracrine substance to mediate vagal signal transmission evoked by luminal factors in the rat","volume":"530","author":"Zhu","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-381272-8.00016-7","article-title":"Ghrelin and the vagus nerve","volume":"514","author":"Date","year":"2012","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.35954","article-title":"The role of the gastric afferent vagal nerve in ghrelin-induced feeding and growth hormone secretion in rats","volume":"123","author":"Date","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3973","DOI":"10.1113\/JP270788","article-title":"KATP channels in the nodose ganglia mediate the orexigenic actions of ghrelin","volume":"593","author":"Grabauskas","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2009.182147","article-title":"Electrophysiological identifications of glucose-sensing neurons in the rat nodose ganglia","volume":"588","author":"Grabauskas","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1982.sp014415","article-title":"Glucose-sensitive afferent nerve fibres in the hepatic branch of the vagus nerve in the guinea-pig","volume":"332","author":"Niijima","year":"1982","journal-title":"J\u00a0Physiol"},{"issue":"suppl 5","key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib35","first-page":"741S","article-title":"An electrophysiological study on amino acid sensors in the hepato-portal system in the rat","volume":"3","author":"Niijima","year":"1995","journal-title":"Obes Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.52.5.663","article-title":"Increased platelet depleted plasma 5-hydroxytryptamine concentration following meal ingestion in symptomatic female subjects with diarrhoea predominant irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"52","author":"Houghton","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI111809","article-title":"Cholecystokinin bioactivity in human plasma. Molecular forms, responses to feeding, and relationship to gallbladder contraction","volume":"75","author":"Liddle","year":"1985","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(89)90434-4","article-title":"Satellite cells as blood-ganglion cell barrier in autonomic ganglia","volume":"490","author":"ten Tusscher","year":"1989","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2006.08.047","article-title":"Occipital artery injections of 5-HT may directly activate the cell bodies of vagal and glossopharyngeal afferent cell bodies in the rat","volume":"143","author":"Lacolley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(97)00003-8","article-title":"Neurochemistry of the nodose ganglion","volume":"52","author":"Zhuo","year":"1997","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2009.01430.x","article-title":"Glucagon-like peptide-1 inhibits voltage-gated potassium currents in mouse nodose ganglion neurons","volume":"22","author":"Gaisano","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1113\/JP271558","article-title":"High fat diet decreases glucose-dependent modulation of 5-HT responses in gastrointestinal vagal afferent neurons","volume":"594","author":"Troy","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0702908","article-title":"Characterisation of the in\u00a0vitro effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) on identified neurones of the rat dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV)","volume":"128","author":"Browning","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00517.2006","article-title":"Effects of cholecystokinin-8s in the nucleus tractus solitarius of vagally deafferented rats","volume":"292","author":"Baptista","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R394","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00054.2011","article-title":"Vanilloid, purinergic, and CCK receptors activate glutamate release on single neurons of the nucleus tractus solitarius centralis","volume":"301","author":"Browning","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G493","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00118.2007","article-title":"Vagally mediated, nonparacrine effects of cholecystokinin-8s on rat pancreatic exocrine secretion","volume":"293","author":"Viard","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-0115(99)00084-1","article-title":"High fat maintenance diet attenuates hindbrain neuronal response to CCK","volume":"86","author":"Covasa","year":"2000","journal-title":"Regul Pept"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2857","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2010.204594","article-title":"Impaired intestinal afferent nerve satiety signalling and vagal afferent excitability in diet induced obesity in the mouse","volume":"589","author":"Daly","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/86.3.531","article-title":"Modulation by high-fat diets of gastrointestinal function and hormones associated with the regulation of energy intake: implications for the pathophysiology of obesity","volume":"86","author":"Little","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E187","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00056.2011","article-title":"Diet-induced obesity leads to the development of leptin resistance in vagal afferent neurons","volume":"301","author":"de Lartigue","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1921","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2012.247577","article-title":"Gastric vagal afferent modulation by leptin is influenced by food intake status","volume":"591","author":"Kentish","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2927","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2014.270850","article-title":"Gastrointestinal hormones and the dialogue between gut and brain","volume":"592","author":"Dockray","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.31026","article-title":"Experimental ulcers alter voltage-sensitive sodium currents in rat gastric sensory neurons","volume":"122","author":"Bielefeldt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1981","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01097.2003","article-title":"Sensitization of mechanosensitive gastric vagal afferent fibers in the rat by thermal and chemical stimuli and gastric ulcers","volume":"91","author":"Kang","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2011.222158","article-title":"Diet-induced adaptation of vagal afferent function","volume":"590","author":"Kentish","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-15-0139","article-title":"Diet-induced obesity causes peripheral and central ghrelin resistance by promoting inflammation","volume":"226","author":"Naznin","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2357","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2012.249268","article-title":"Roux-en-Y gastric\u00a0bypass reverses the effects of diet-induced obesity to inhibit the responsiveness of central vagal motoneurones","volume":"591","author":"Browning","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1677\/JOE-06-0078","article-title":"Regulation of GH secretagogue receptor gene expression in the rat nodose ganglion","volume":"194","author":"Sato","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19238","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3846-13.2013","article-title":"Circadian variation in gastric vagal afferent mechanosensitivity","volume":"33","author":"Kentish","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3199","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2710-15.2016","article-title":"High-fat diet-induced obesity ablates gastric vagal afferent circadian rhythms","volume":"36","author":"Kentish","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2015.07.097","article-title":"One-day high-fat diet induces inflammation in the nodose ganglion and hypothalamus of mice","volume":"464","author":"Waise","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2012.09.010","article-title":"Communication between gastrointestinal bacteria and the nervous system","volume":"12","author":"Bravo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2012.01906.x","article-title":"Microbes and the gut-brain axis","volume":"24","author":"Bercik","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-0897-4_17","article-title":"The impact of microbiota on brain and behavior: mechanisms & therapeutic potential","volume":"817","author":"Borre","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16050","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1102999108","article-title":"Ingestion of Lactobacillus strain regulates emotional behavior and central GABA receptor expression in a mouse via the\u00a0vagus nerve","volume":"108","author":"Bravo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2011.01796.x","article-title":"The anxiolytic effect of Bifidobacterium longum NCC3001 involves vagal pathways for gut-brain communication","volume":"23","author":"Bercik","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12198","article-title":"Melancholic microbes: a link between gut microbiota and depression?","volume":"25","author":"Dinan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R929","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.2001.280.4.R929","article-title":"The contribution of the vagus nerve in interleukin-1beta-induced fever is dependent on dose","volume":"280","author":"Hansen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1080\/09553000310001610998","article-title":"IL-1beta, TNFalpha and IL-6 induction in the rat brain after partial-body irradiation: role of vagal afferents","volume":"79","author":"Marquette","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Biol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2004.09.002","article-title":"Activation in vagal afferents and central autonomic pathways: early responses to intestinal infection with Campylobacter jejuni","volume":"19","author":"Goehler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2011.01824.x","article-title":"Neuroanatomical evidence demonstrating the existence of the\u00a0vagal anti-inflammatory reflex in the intestine","volume":"24","author":"Cailotto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0b013e3282c8c8d3","article-title":"Obesity, innate immunity and gut inflammation","volume":"23","author":"Karagiannides","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2014.10.032","article-title":"Chronic exposure to low dose bacterial lipopolysaccharide inhibits leptin signaling in vagal afferent neurons","volume":"139","author":"de La Serre","year":"2015","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S1566-0702(00)00219-8","article-title":"Vagal immune-to-brain communication: a visceral chemosensory pathway","volume":"85","author":"Goehler","year":"2000","journal-title":"Auton Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.12.033","article-title":"Synergistic role of TRPV1 and TRPA1 in pancreatic pain and inflammation","volume":"140","author":"Schwartz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2015.00412","article-title":"Role of satellite glial cells in gastrointestinal pain","volume":"9","author":"Hanani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G1213","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00267.2006","article-title":"Vagal modulation of intestinal afferent sensitivity to systemic LPS in the rat","volume":"292","author":"Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12642","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3530-06.2006","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor potentiates central vagal afferent signaling by modulating ryanodine channels","volume":"26","author":"Rogers","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2009.01391.x","article-title":"Functional protease-activated receptors in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus","volume":"22","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-014-2573-6","article-title":"TNFalpha causes thrombin-dependent vagal neuron apoptosis in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"18","author":"Fritze","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastrointest Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0361-9230(96)00196-7","article-title":"Effects of IL-1 beta on neuronal activities in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus in rat brain slices","volume":"41","author":"Mo","year":"1996","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1038\/35013070","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation attenuates the systemic inflammatory response to endotoxin","volume":"405","author":"Borovikova","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01339","article-title":"Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha7 subunit is an essential regulator of inflammation","volume":"421","author":"Wang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01321","article-title":"The inflammatory reflex","volume":"420","author":"Tracey","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3741","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23376","article-title":"Neuronal and nonneuronal cholinergic structures in the mouse gastrointestinal tract and spleen","volume":"521","author":"Gautron","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Comp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4340","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1003722","article-title":"\u03b17-cholinergic receptor mediates vagal induction of splenic norepinephrine","volume":"186","author":"Vida","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1209985","article-title":"Acetylcholine-synthesizing T cells relay neural signals in a vagus nerve circuit","volume":"334","author":"Rosas-Ballina","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e87785","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0087785","article-title":"Neuro-anatomical evidence indicating indirect modulation of macrophages by vagal efferents in the intestine but not in the spleen","volume":"9","author":"Cailotto","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2011.061531","article-title":"Neural regulation of inflammation: no neural connection from the vagus to splenic sympathetic neurons","volume":"97","author":"Bratton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1939","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI83658","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation mediates protection from kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury through \u03b17nAChR+ splenocytes","volume":"126","author":"Inoue","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3479","article-title":"Dopamine mediates vagal modulation of the immune system by electroacupuncture","volume":"20","author":"Torres-Rosas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1229","article-title":"Stimulation of the vagus nerve attenuates macrophage activation by activating the Jak2-STAT3 signaling pathway","volume":"6","author":"de Jonge","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2013-304676","article-title":"A\u00a0distinct vagal anti-inflammatory pathway modulates intestinal muscularis resident macrophages independent of the spleen","volume":"63","author":"Matteoli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.12.023","article-title":"Neuro-immune interactions drive tissue programming in intestinal macrophages","volume":"164","author":"Gabanyi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2399","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.02.014","article-title":"CD206-positive M2 macrophages that express heme oxygenase-1 protect against diabetic gastroparesis in mice","volume":"138","author":"Choi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2008.169250","article-title":"Neuroimmune mechanisms in postoperative ileus","volume":"58","author":"Boeckxstaens","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2004.00618.x","article-title":"Role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of septic ileus in mice","volume":"17","author":"de Winter","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2119\/molmed.2016.00062","article-title":"Vagotomy affects the development of oral tolerance and increases susceptibility to develop colitis independently of the alpha-7 nicotinic receptor","author":"Di Giovangiulio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-381300-8.00004-6","article-title":"Intestinal dendritic cells","volume":"107","author":"Rescigno","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0b013e32833982c3","article-title":"Food allergy and eosinophilic gastroenteritis and colitis","volume":"10","author":"Bischoff","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1007\/s11938-007-0055-6","article-title":"Food allergies","volume":"10","author":"Bischoff","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-015-8718-1","article-title":"Neural circuitry and immunity","volume":"63","author":"Pavlov","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunol Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2012.01138.x","article-title":"Rethinking inflammation: neural circuits in the regulation of immunity","volume":"248","author":"Olofsson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20120571","article-title":"Neural reflexes in inflammation and immunity","volume":"209","author":"Andersson","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.08.016","article-title":"The vagus nerve: a tonic inhibitory influence associated with inflammatory bowel disease in a murine model","volume":"131","author":"Ghia","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1118","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.90904.2008","article-title":"Loss of vagal anti-inflammatory effect: in\u00a0vivo visualization and adoptive transfer","volume":"297","author":"O\u2019Mahony","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib107","first-page":"2209","article-title":"Impaired parasympathetic function increases susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease in a mouse model of depression","volume":"118","author":"Ghia","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1131","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.90434.2008","article-title":"Protective effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus [corrected] and Bifidobacterium infantis in murine models for colitis do not involve the vagus nerve","volume":"295","author":"van der Kleij","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.21531","article-title":"Adoptive transfer of macrophage from mice with depression-like behavior enhances susceptibility to colitis","volume":"17","author":"Ghia","year":"2011","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2280","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.02.069","article-title":"Reactivation of inflammatory bowel disease in a mouse model of depression","volume":"136","author":"Ghia","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S527","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(16)31817-0","article-title":"Improvement of oxazolone-induced colitis by vagus nerve stimulation (abstr Su1564)","volume":"150","author":"Meroni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2010.10.007","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effect of vagus nerve stimulation in a rat model of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"160","author":"Meregnani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Auton Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e69424","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0069424","article-title":"Involvement of MAPK\/NF-\u03baB signaling in the activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in experimental colitis by chronic vagus nerve stimulation","volume":"8","author":"Sun","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2013.52","article-title":"Central cholinergic activation of a vagus nerve-to-spleen circuit alleviates experimental colitis","volume":"7","author":"Ji","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2007.03.008","article-title":"Autonomic innervation and regulation of the immune system (1987-2007)","volume":"21","author":"Nance","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2011.01296.x","article-title":"Central activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway reduces surgical inflammation in experimental post-operative ileus","volume":"163","author":"The","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2677","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1002711","article-title":"Cytokine-induced alterations of \u03b17 nicotinic receptor in colonic CD4 T cells mediate dichotomous response to nicotine in murine models of Th1\/Th17- versus Th2-mediated colitis","volume":"187","author":"Galitovskiy","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G621","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00177.2003","article-title":"IL-6 is essential for development of gut barrier dysfunction after hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation in mice","volume":"285","author":"Yang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20042397","article-title":"Nutritional stimulation of cholecystokinin receptors inhibits inflammation via the vagus nerve","volume":"202","author":"Luyer","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2015.05.015","article-title":"Vagus nerve mediates the neural stem cell response to intestinal injury","volume":"221","author":"Langness","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G1308","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00156.2010","article-title":"Vagal nerve stimulation protects against burn-induced intestinal injury through activation of enteric glia cells","volume":"299","author":"Costantini","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2026","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002026","article-title":"Orexigenic hormone ghrelin attenuates local and remote organ injury after intestinal ischemia-reperfusion","volume":"3","author":"Wu","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-6354-3_6","article-title":"Melanocortins and the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway","volume":"681","author":"Giuliani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-3150.2004.00558.x","article-title":"Mechanisms of postoperative ileus","volume":"16","author":"Bauer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e318194d187","article-title":"Lipid-rich enteral nutrition reduces postoperative ileus in rats via activation of cholecystokinin-receptors","volume":"249","author":"Lubbers","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.227546","article-title":"Neuronal stimulation with 5-hydroxytryptamine 4 receptor induces anti-inflammatory actions via \u03b17nACh receptors on muscularis macrophages associated with postoperative ileus","volume":"60","author":"Tsuchida","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib127","article-title":"Prucalopride activates the intestinal cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway and prevents postoperative ileus (abstr 416)","volume":"146","author":"Gomez-Pinilla","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.2011.237","article-title":"Vagus nerve and postinjury inflammatory response","volume":"147","author":"Peterson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G560","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00098.2007","article-title":"Vagus nerve integrity and experimental colitis","volume":"293","author":"Ghia","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2010.02321.x","article-title":"The pulse of inflammation: heart rate variability, the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway and implications for therapy","volume":"269","author":"Huston","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12817","article-title":"Vagal tone: effects on\u00a0sensitivity, motility, and inflammation","volume":"28","author":"Bonaz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2011.01.004","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and tolerability of nicotine preparations in active ulcerative colitis","volume":"32","author":"Nikfar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000000288","article-title":"Reduction of postoperative ileus by early enteral nutrition in patients undergoing major rectal surgery: prospective, randomized, controlled trial","volume":"259","author":"Boelens","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.10194","article-title":"Randomized clinical trial of postoperative chewing gum versus standard care after colorectal resection","volume":"103","author":"Atkinson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0b013e3181d64d8a","article-title":"Overview of the clinical applications of vagus nerve stimulation","volume":"27","author":"Beekwilder","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12650","article-title":"Vagus nerve and vagus nerve stimulation, a comprehensive review: part II","volume":"56","author":"Yuan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib137","first-page":"189","article-title":"Mechanisms and state of the art of vagus nerve stimulation","volume":"18","author":"Kosel","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0ECT"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-1211(94)00083-9","article-title":"Effects of vagus nerve stimulation on amino acids and other metabolites in the CSF of patients with partial seizures","volume":"20","author":"Ben-Menachem","year":"1995","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1998.tb01155.x","article-title":"Locus coeruleus lesions suppress the seizure-attenuating effects of vagus nerve stimulation","volume":"39","author":"Krahl","year":"1998","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1999.tb00818.x","article-title":"Regulation of limbic motor seizures by GABA and glutamate transmission in nucleus tractus solitarius","volume":"40","author":"Walker","year":"1999","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(03)00107-4","article-title":"Correlation between GABA(A) receptor density and vagus nerve stimulation in individuals with drug-resistant partial epilepsy","volume":"55","author":"Marrosu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1159\/000341402","article-title":"The effects of vagus nerve stimulation on pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in children with refractory epilepsy: an exploratory study","volume":"19","author":"Aalbers","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimmunomodulation"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1159\/000315530","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation in refractory epilepsy: effects on pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood","volume":"18","author":"Majoie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroimmunomodulation"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2009.06.008","article-title":"Effects of vagus nerve stimulation on pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine\u00a0induction in patients with refractory epilepsy","volume":"214","author":"De Herdt","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8284","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1605635113","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation inhibits cytokine production and attenuates disease severity in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"113","author":"Koopman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12792","article-title":"Chronic vagus nerve stimulation in Crohn\u2019s disease: a 6-month follow-up pilot study","volume":"28","author":"Bonaz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S527","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(16)31816-9","article-title":"Electrical stimulation of the abdominal vagus nerve is as effective as cervical nerve stimulation in reducing postoperative ileus (abstr Su1563)","volume":"150","author":"Stakenborg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"041002","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/13\/4\/041002","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation: state of the art of stimulation and recording strategies to address autonomic function neuromodulation","volume":"13","author":"Guiraud","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neural Eng"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2010.06.008","article-title":"Chronic vagus nerve stimulation decreased weight gain, food consumption and sweet craving in adult obese minipigs","volume":"55","author":"Val-Laillet","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib150","first-page":"1683","article-title":"[The brain-gut axis: insights from the obese pig model]","volume":"197","author":"Malbert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bull Acad Natl Med"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-012-0751-8","article-title":"The EMPOWER study: randomized, prospective, double-blind, multicenter trial of vagal blockade to induce weight loss in morbid obesity","volume":"22","author":"Sarr","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-016-2143-y","article-title":"Effect of vagal nerve blockade on moderate obesity with an obesity-related comorbid condition: the ReCharge Study","volume":"26","author":"Morton","year":"2016","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(78)90074-0","article-title":"Vagotomy for treatment of severe obesity","volume":"1","author":"Kral","year":"1978","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib154","first-page":"431","article-title":"Truncal vagotomy in morbid obesity","volume":"5","author":"Kral","year":"1981","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12100","article-title":"Reversible nerve conduction block using kilohertz frequency alternating current","volume":"17","author":"Kilgore","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"key":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.02.011","article-title":"Localization of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor mRNA and protein within the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway","volume":"266","author":"Downs","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroscience"}],"container-title":["Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016508516354877?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016508516354877?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T15:13:31Z","timestamp":1758035611000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0016508516354877"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"references-count":156,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0016508516354877"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-5085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0016-5085","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Vagus Nerve in Appetite Regulation, Mood, and Intestinal\u00a0Inflammation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Gastroenterology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.046","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 by the AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}